There are two main directions in psychology to explain depression, one is cognitive model theory, and the other is social relationship theory.
cognitive model theory
cognitive model refers to the angle a person is used to collecting, processing, and storing information.
, for example, is also an example of greet a colleague without being ignored. Some people wonder if the colleague has an opinion on him, or whether he has offended him; some people think back that this colleague might be today Did not wear contact lenses, did not see myself. These are two completely different cognitive models.
The cognitive model of depression can be summarized as "worthless, helpless, and hopeless", that is, thinking that oneself and the world in which you live is worthless, thinking that nothing you do can change the status quo, and being indifferent to your future To hope.
This negative cognitive model is also called "learned helplessness."
For example, a child who has been living in domestic violence for a long time, parents’ neglect and indifference make the child not get help when he needs support, and he won’t get positive feedback when he is doing well. Will be violently beaten and scolded, and living in such an environment will lead to learned helplessness.
You can also see many similar examples in adult life, such as encountering an indiscriminate leader who likes to humiliate and criticize his subordinates. No matter how hard he tries to do a good job, he can be picked out by the other party, especially when he is wrong. Obviously, when a small thing is raised to a personality attack, it will also trigger learned helplessness.
In the interpretation direction of the cognitive model,When a person finds that no matter what they do is useless and loses control over things, the cognitive model may shift to the direction of depression.
Cognitive behavioral model theory can also help us fight depression, which is known as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).
theory of social relations
theory of social relations treats everyone as a node in a complex social network, and each person’s characteristics are shaped by this social network.
The "valueless, helpless, and hopeless" we mentioned above can also be seen as a person's view of the social relationship in which he is in. Children who have been domestic violence in childhood can be seen as the relationship between family members distortion.
For example, bullying at school can easily lead to depression. Studies have found that children who are bullied at school have social fear, loss of appetite, poor sleep therapy, decreased academic performance, and poor memory.
Sometimes, even if you are not being bullied or isolated, but witnessing other students being bullied or abused can cause depression.
The treatment method corresponding to the social relationship theory is "Interpersonal Relationship Therapy (IPT)", which helps depressive patients get rid of trouble by changing the distorted social relationship.
How to choose a reliable psychotherapist?
Psychotherapy is to provide patients with pathological psychological phenomena for corrective and rehabilitation assistance.
The psychotherapist must be a doctor or clinical psychologist with formal training,Pass the exam to obtain a country-specific qualification certificate.
