Welcome everyone to [follow] me and let’s talk about the past and the present together, and discuss the general trend of the world. In terms of combat operations, Su Yu put forward 5 points: 1. Go against the enemy's path and do everything you can to deceive. When the enemy advan

I am Tang Di, a history enthusiast. Welcome everyone [Follow] me to talk about the past and the present together, and to discuss the general trend of the world. A gentleman is just learning and making friends for the rest of his life!

Su Yu participated in the entire process of the Agrarian Revolution, the War of Resistance Against Japan and the War of Liberation.

As the "ever-winning general", he has tempered his brilliant guerrilla warfare tactics in his long-term combat.

He believes that guerrilla warfare is a widely used form of combat, which can best connect the broad masses of people, go deep into the enemy's back, persist in fighting, and exert its powerful power in long-term and cruel warfare; guerrilla warfare not only has a cooperative role in combat and combat, but also has a great strategic cooperation role.

Su Yu's own system and original guerrilla warfare ideas and tactics are an important part of Mao Zedong's military thought crystallized by collective wisdom.

1, "The enemy advances and I retreat" and "The enemy advances and I advance"

During the three-year guerrilla war in southern Zhejiang, under the guidance of Mao Zedong's sixteen-character decision of "The enemy advances and I retreat, the enemy retreats and I chases, the enemy stations and I disturb them, and the enemy is tired, I fight" guerrilla warfare, Su Yu combined the combat practice of , southern Zhejiang, and , and summarized 6 new principles for the use of guerrilla tactics:

1. Exchange the smallest sacrifice for the greatest victory;

2. It is not destroying the enemy, but destroying the enemy;

3. Dominate the enemy and take the initiative;

4. Actively attack and rarely defend;

5. Flexibility, appearing and impermanence, going east and returning east, going out early and returning late;

6. The more behind the enemy, the easier it is to succeed.

At the same time, in response to the 16-character decision, Su Yu first proposed the guerrilla policy of "the enemy advances and we retreat" among the generals of the People's Liberation Army in September 1935.

It is a creative development of Mao Zedong's military thought, together with the "battle for the key points of the basic area" proposed by Su Yu during the War of Resistance Against Japan.

Regarding combat, marching, camping, etc. in guerrilla warfare, Su Yu incisively summarized a set of common and easy-to-remember keys.

In terms of combat operations, Su Yu proposed 5 items:

1. Go against the enemy's way, do your best to deceive the enemy's ability, the enemy will move forward, the enemy will gather and disperse, the enemy will avoid the enemy's big, and the enemy will be bullied, avoid the real and the empty, and attack the west;

2. Don't try too much, as long as there will be small victories;

3. Stand on the enemy's flank, rear and periphery of the circle, and do not attack by the enemy;

4. All combat operations must be quick, brave and resolute, hesitation is equivalent to waiting for death;

5. Pay attention to using a sudden attack on the white and white blade. As long as the gun is fired, the bayonet will kill the enemy's belly.

2, How great was Su Yu's guerrilla tactics during the Red Army period?

In terms of marching, Su Yu believed that an important principle was hidden actions and attempts, and summarized the activities such as circles, large and small circles, "S" shape, "8" shape, electric light shape, killing and returning to the horse, early and late, and returning to the east and west. The appearance and wandering are impermanent and erratic, making the enemy feel that "looking ahead, suddenly behind", and it is unpredictable.

Every time you march, Su Yu instructed a special person to clear the traces left along the way, to lift the trampled grass, and wipe off the footprints; sometimes he deliberately created a little trace in a certain direction to confuse and exhaust the enemy.

In terms of guerrilla camping, Su Yu stipulated that independent houses with front and back doors in small villages were generally selected, and a "5-shift system" was implemented.

Once you arrive at the camp site, you will place a shift in each of the five directions of east, south, west, north and middle. In which direction, the enemy situation will be discovered, that is, the shift living in that direction will hold back, cover the other shifts quickly, get rid of the enemy and gather at the predetermined location.

There are at least two scheduled meeting points, and the requirements are to be replaced every day. If there is an enemy situation at the first squatting point, go to the second squatting point.

Every time the troops arrive at a place, Su Yu detailed regulations that the terrain and road must be carefully investigated. In this way, even if you encounter enemies on the road, you can get rid of them in just two turns. Su Yu also attached great importance to investigating the enemy, and tried every means to collect newspapers in the enemy-occupied areas so as to achieve "knowing yourself and knowing your enemy, and never winning a hundred battles."

Su Yu regards active attack as a major feature of guerrilla warfare.

The Kuomintang army attacks the guerrillas. The guerrillas are in a passive position and must move quickly to get rid of their passiveness.

The guerrillas attacked the Kuomintang army. The guerrillas were proactive, planned, and prepared in advance. As long as the situation did not change, they would fight resolutely.

In the active offensive, Su Yu used the most attacks. The rear of the Kuomintang army was the main target of the guerrilla attacks.

He divided the main targets of attacks into three types:

The first is the KMT’s grassroots government and minions with great public anger.

The guerrillas often caught them unexpectedly and killed or punished them according to the severity of their crimes, so as to cause panic among local rulers;

The second was to raid their sentries and detectives to shake the morale of the Kuomintang army;

The third was to hunt down and kill laggard and laggard officers and soldiers, which the guerrillas called "cutting off the tail" or "beating the tail."

The Kuomintang army has a rule that when large units are dispatched, special personnel are assigned to make road signs at forks in the road. After figuring this out, the guerrillas laid an ambush in advance, and the Kuomintang troops moved the road signs as soon as they passed the fork in the road. In this way, stragglers can be cleverly led to the ambush area, and they can be easily captured alive or annihilated.

During this period, Su Yu suppressed a large number of troops in Zhejiang, the heartland of the Kuomintang rule, defeated two large-scale "encirclement and suppression" campaigns by the Kuomintang army, and successfully persisted in the guerrilla war for three years.

The "encirclement and suppression" troops included the 18th Army of the Kuomintang, with Luo Zhuoying as its commander and Huang Wei and Hu Lian as its regiment commanders. Each time, they had more than forty regiments. However, they had to end in failure.

3. How good was Su Yu’s guerrilla tactics during the Anti-Japanese War?

In January 1938, the early stage of the Anti-Japanese War, Su Yu put forward many new ideas on guerrilla warfare based on his actual combat experience behind enemy lines.

Regarding the coordination and principles of guerrilla warfare, Su Yu believes:

In form, each fights separately, but it is carried out independently under the unified intention. Our principle is to accumulate small victories into big victories and not to be greedy for more. Even if we only kill one enemy or hand over only one gun, it is still good. As long as there is victory every day.

Regarding guerrilla warfare tactics, Su Yu believes:

Due to our weapons and equipment and other conditions, we have to fight night battles, close combat, hand-to-hand combat , ambush warfare, assault warfare... Japan’s weapons are sophisticated, and we can’t beat them. Only close combat, night combat, and hand-to-hand combat can we avoid the enemy's strengths and leverage the strengths of our army. Catch him off guard and make him passive.

Regarding the target and target selection, Su Yu believes:

The New Fourth Army specializes in attacking weak enemies, or attacking enemies' weaknesses. It attacks enemies in motion and generally does not attack stationed enemies.

Regarding tactical actions, Su Yu believes:

In the past three years, guerrilla warfare was fought in mountainous areas with underdeveloped transportation, but now it is fought in hills, plains, and water network areas. Fighting in such an area requires an even faster decision.

solves combat requirements very quickly, and must take sudden, short lightning-like attacks to catch him off guard. Don't let the enemy occupy a position so that he has no place to stand and no time to fight back. Only in this way can the enemy be eliminated more effectively.

Combat operations can last up to two hours. Generally, if the battle cannot be resolved within two hours, the battle will be decisively withdrawn.

When enemy reinforcements are coming quickly, be sure to quickly separate and stay away from the enemy.

Su Yu emphasized:

Pre-war reconnaissance and destruction of traffic are very important. For example, the terrain must be reconnoitred in detail (which terrain I will use and which terrain will be left to the enemy), and careful arrangements must be made in advance.

Combat methods and means can only be used once and must be changed appropriately and timely, otherwise the enemy will quickly seize our patterns and cause us to suffer.

4. Relying on superb guerrilla tactics to establish a foothold behind enemy lines

During this period, the guerrilla warfare behind enemy lines commanded by Su Yu frightened the Japanese army.

On January 20, 1939, Su Yu commanded a unit of the 3rd Regiment of the 2nd Detachment to attack Guandumen for a long distance. From the start of the attack to the clearing of the battlefield, it took 20 minutes to wipe out more than 300 Japanese defenders, 57 were captured alive, and a large number of weapons, ammunition and military supplies were seized.

Chongqing "Xinhua Daily " published an article written by Su Yu to introduce combat experience "The Surprise Attack of Guandumen in the Suburbs of Wuhu" written by Su Yu.

Su Yu concluded:

"The Guandumen is an extremely dangerous place near the airport in Wuhu, the strategic basis of the Japanese army, which is occupied by the Japanese army. "But a place that the enemy thinks is the safest place, but it is the place where we won by surprise."

In the middle of the Anti-Japanese War, Su Yu created a new method of guerrilla warfare in the plain water network zone.

During the period of the Workers and Peasants' Red Army, the People's Army mainly relied on mountain combat, which was called "mountainism".

During the War of Resistance Against Japan, it advocated the implementation of independent "mountain guerrilla warfare".

and Suzhong is mostly water networks and semi-water network areas, with rivers and canals crisscrossing, dense like spider webs, surrounded by towns and villages.

In the early stages of the Soviet-Chinese war, due to the rapid speed of the Japanese military using steamers and the slow speed of the New Fourth Army using wooden ships, it was difficult to get rid of the enemy when "the enemy advances and we retreat". When "the enemy retreats and I chases", I can't catch up with the enemy.

Therefore, Liu Shaoqi, Chen Yi , Rao Shushi and other leaders of the Central China Bureau and the New Fourth Army called the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on August 5, 1941, deciding to reduce the 6,000 troops of the army headquarters to 3,400, and prepare to transfer to the eastern Anhui region.

Telegram said:

"It is no longer possible to use the water network to establish a fairly consolidated base. Therefore, the task of establishing a general strategic base in central China in northern Jiangsu cannot be achieved now."

In response to this conclusion, Su Yu had a different view and pointed out:

"For the terrain conditions in the war, we should look at it dialectically. Water net terrain actually has both advantages and disadvantages. As long as the masses are fully mobilized, the transformation of the terrain and the adaptive training of the troops are strengthened, the troops can be strengthened, and the enemy can be strengthened."

Su Yu's conclusion is: it is possible to create a consolidated anti-Japanese democratic base in the plain water net area. Advocate actively creating conditions and insist on fighting on the spot.

This is consistent with the spirit of the leadership of the New Fourth Army instructed by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in its reply on August 17 that the leadership of the New Fourth Army should not "major development westward".

5, guerrilla tactics in anti-encirclement and suppression and anti-sweeping

Starting from the end of 1941, Su Yu took advantage of the favorable opportunity of slack farming and the reduction of water levels in winter to organize the masses to transform the terrain on a large scale.

First, open dams, dark dams, traffic dams, and blocking dams are built on the river, so that the flat-bottom wooden ships with shallow draught and few people can pull through the dam are unobstructed, while the Japanese sharp-bottomed motorboats are difficult to move forward.

Secondly, the bridge is changed to a small bridge, the fixed bridge is changed to a movable bridge, the road is changed to a small road, and the straight road is changed to a detour, so that the New Fourth Army's march and combat come and go smoothly, and the Japanese and puppet troops have many difficulties in their operations.

Again, many small canals were dug to connect the rivers and communicate the water and land transportation connection between each partition.

On the other hand, Su Yu also improved his combat methods, conducted adaptive combat training based on the modified terrain, and mastered the laws of fighting guerrilla warfare in the water network area.

has created favorable conditions for persisting in the anti-Japanese struggle in the plain water network area and creating a basic base for consolidation, and has achieved great results in the fight against "mopping up" and "clearance".

At the same time, in response to the "guarding tactics" of the Japanese and puppet army's scattered control points (towns) and lines (traffic lines), Su Yu proposed that when the Japanese and puppet troops "sweep away", the New Fourth Army implemented the tactics of attacking the enemy's rear strongholds, attacking them with the main force, and ambushing the weak along the way.

In response to the heavy encirclement and blockade of major intersections, ferries and main roads by the Japanese and puppet troops, we adopted the tactics of advancing separately to attack one point and advancing into a heavily encircled area. We also proposed tactics such as strengthening our reconnaissance and internal intelligence, understanding the situation in a timely manner, taking the initiative to carry out maneuvers, and moving to the dividing line of the enemy's joint attack circle at the right time (not too early or too late) to wait. When the enemy advances toward our central area, we will move to the outside and go in opposite directions.

In view of the Japanese army's attack tactics, Su Yu proposed to strengthen reconnaissance and vigilance and guerrilla group activities. Establish militia combat bases in the direction where the Japanese army may come, monitor the enemy, and block attacks along the way. Frequently move campsites; all units proactively cooperate in combat operations to launch powerful attacks on the enemy's flanks and rear; and implement counter-attack and other tactics.

In addition, Su Yu also proposed various corresponding countermeasures against the Japanese army's large-scale "mopping up" and diversion tactics, the " stationing and suppression" tactics of blocking an area, and plainclothes activities.

During this period, Su Yu established and consolidated the Jiangsu-Central Anti-Japanese Base Area with his elusive guerrilla warfare.

In 1943 alone, the main force of the Central Soviet New Fourth Army led by Su Yu fought 624 times with local corps, killing and wounding 15,054 Japanese and puppet troops; the militia and self-defense forces fought 2,855 times, killing, wounding, and capturing 4,105 Japanese and puppet troops.

6, Su Yu’s development and improvement of guerrilla tactics

Long-term guerrilla warfare practice has created Su Yu’s superb guerrilla warfare command art. He is good at considering the overall situation, changing tactics at any time in response to the enemy's situation and situation, being flexible and resourceful.

Its command art is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1. Centralize the leadership of the party and government, military and civilians, and implement unified command. Facing the situation of "clearance and suppression" by the Japanese army, Su Yu put forward a major proposal in June 1942 to implement unified leadership of the party, government, military and civilians in the anti-Japanese guerrilla zones.

Based on this suggestion, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Decision on Unifying the Leadership of the Anti-Japanese Base Areas and Adjusting Relations among Various Organizations" on September 1, 1942.

Su Yu immediately established the party's unified leadership in Suzhong District as the highest leadership body of the party, government, military and civilians. This important suggestion laid a solid and reliable organizational foundation for better carrying out guerrilla warfare in each base area.

2. Combine regular forces with local armed forces, combine armed guerrilla struggle with unarmed struggle, combine legal struggle with illegal struggle, and combine open struggle with secret struggle. These original and changeable fighting methods of ensure that under difficult circumstances such as highly dispersed troops and serious enemy situations, they can persevere for a long time and continuously eliminate the enemy.

3. Study the enemy's situation, and when the enemy changes, we will change. Adopt new tactics at any time based on the new situation and enemy characteristics, dialectically analyze strengths and weaknesses, and tactically win with more than less.

Su Yu emphasized that the command of guerrilla warfare must be flexible and flexible. If the enemy changes, we will change, and if we change the enemy, we will also change. We must change before the enemy, and attack the enemy flexibly and flexibly. In his reports such as "The Evolution of the Enemy and Our Tactics in the Past Year" written in January 1944, he adopted different countermeasures against the enemy's six tactics, so that the enemy changed and we changed, winning first and then fighting.

4. Strive for the "basic points" of the base area, rely on key points and important areas, and retain effective forces in order to deal with powerful enemies for a long time.

Su Yu attached great importance to the struggle for the "basic points" of the guerrilla base areas. He pointed out: Before the full-scale counterattack is carried out, although there is no decisive point in the defense of an area, I will not give up a key point easily.

in order to achieve the purpose of consuming a large number of enemies, preventing them from going deep into the fake countryside, and extending my control time.

In 1941, the Japanese and puppet troops launched three large-scale "mopping up" campaigns in the Central Jiangsu area. Su Yu led the army and civilians in the region to carry out a resolute and long-lasting struggle against the "mopping up" campaigns. At the same time, he chose Central Jiangsu to As the basic area of ​​the base area, the coastal beach area of the 2nd Division fought repeatedly with the Japanese army, organized and directed 7 battles for , 3cang and 5 battles for huge profits, annihilating more than 9,000 Japanese puppet troops and capturing 3,890 people, and achieved a great victory in the anti-"mopping up" struggle.

5. Pay attention to on-the-spot investigations, carefully organize coordination, and pay attention to combat preparations and various guarantees.

He has unique insights on how to identify the enemy situation, familiarize himself with the terrain, investigate social situations, formulate combat plans, organize coordination and various combat support and logistical support, organize troops to prepare for combat, and have achieved brilliant results in combat practice.

6. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Su Yu put forward outstanding insights into guerrilla command under modern conditions.

First, in terms of guerrilla combat style, we must strive to fight more guerrilla-style mobile warfare behind the enemy, and force the enemy to draw troops to maintain its traffic line to weaken the enemy's offensive power towards the front.

In the border area, you can also use a capable small force to launch a raid on close-range targets within the enemy's territory, go in and out, and fight quickly.

Second, in the composition of guerrilla warfare forces, in addition to local armed forces and militias, some troops that stick to key points can enter the enemy's backbone to fight in an organized and planned manner when completing the task of persistence, or it is really difficult to continue to persevere. should also draw some divisions and regiments from the regular army to fight guerrilla-style mobile warfare behind enemy lines.

Third, in terms of the scale of annihilation of the enemy in guerrilla warfare, do not open the mouth too much. In a battle, it is better to destroy one enemy company to two companies.

4. In guerrilla warfare missions, its main task in the early stages of the war was to destroy the enemy's transportation supply lines, especially its oil supply system.

In addition, there are enemy supply bases, front-line airports, missile positions, communication systems and command agencies.

Su Yu's theories of guerrilla warfare under modern conditions creatively developed Mao Zedong's military thought.

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