In the treasures of the Shanghai Museum
There is a calligraphy work
The author is the prime minister of the Northern Song Dynasty Wang Anshi
After more than a thousand years ~
Su Dongpo, the leader of the "Four Schools of Song Dynasty",
once praised Wang Anshi's calligraphy like this:
l1Jing Gong did it in a decisive way,
does not seek skills, is scattered,
is like a master, with a victorious man, with worn clothes and torn shoes,
is a high carriage and four horses,
but the eyes are already concerned about the cow's back~
Wang Anshi's "The Essence of Running Stories and Shurangama Sutra" Volume Paper 29.9×119cm Shanghai Museum collection
Wang Anshi, whose courtesy name is Jiefu and Banshan, and his pseudonym is Old Man Banshan, Fuzhou from Linchuan, has become famous throughout the ages for his presidency of reform and literary achievements. What is less known is that he is also good at calligraphy. Su Dongpo once said that his calligraphy is "an incapable method, but it cannot be learned." Mi Fu said that he learned Yang Ningshi, and Huang Shangu said, "In recent times, the scholars and officials, only Jing Gong had the temperament of the ancients, but was not upright, but his pen was very vigorous."
This national treasure in the Shanghai Museum is called "The Essential Volume of the Book of Shu Lingyun Sutra", which was written by Wang Anshi a year before his death. Wang Anshi rose and fell, and in his later years he lived in Zhongshan, Jinling, and led his disciples to write books and lectures. In his later years, I was already discouraged and just became obsessed with Buddhism. I copied this scripture, which was just to seek peace in my heart. He hid this work in Baoning Temple and did not make a big splash.
Wang Anshi's running script "The Essence of the Lengyan Sutra"
"The Essence of the Lengyan Sutra" each word is just like the fingertips. The font is close to regular script but slightly with running script style. The ink color is elegant, the dots and strokes are clear and vigorous, and the layout of the whole article is like "wind and rainy". Although the lines are very close and there are few blank spaces, there is no feeling of confusion. If you carefully taste the author's pen, it seems casual, and the leisurely charm is revealed in the tip of the hair. From this, it can be seen that after Wang Anshi stopped his appearance, his life was in a comfortable and comfortable state, which made him famous as a famous calligrapher in leisure.
Huang Tingjian imitates Wang Anshi's calligraphy and reaches the level of being indiscriminate, and he claims to have obtained it from Wang Anshi; Wang Anshi gets the true meaning of Yan Zhenqing , but he gets it unintentionally. His talent is so good. From the comments of Li Zhiyi , you can understand Huang Tingjian's appreciation attitude towards Wang Anshi's calligraphy.
Cai Shangxiang's view of Zhang Jingfu's may also be a footnote to Huang Tingjian's view: "If Prime Minister Wang's writing was unintentional at the beginning, if he looked at it carefully, there were some good things about people in the Jin and Song dynasties." "I am happy to have the calligraphy and paintings of the Prime Minister Wang. The Prime Minister often conceived his own ideas in the world, and he could do nothing when he was writing in his later years. He felt particularly exquisite in his writings." "Mr. Jing did it in a decisive way, but it was not a skill, but was scattered and simple, like a master who was a victorious man, had worn out clothes and torn shoes, and was walking between a high carriage and a horse, but his eyes were already concerned about the back of a cow."
seems to be straightforward, but in fact it is superior. Because he has his own opinions, his calligraphy also reveals a unique personality, which cannot be simulated.
Wang Anshi presided over the reform. Not only did he offend too many people in the current dynasty, but in later generations, they became tools for factional struggles. For example, during the reform of Zhang Juzheng, many literati suddenly criticized Wang Anshi and used the past to satirize the present. The ancients always thought that the words were like the person. They evaluated their impatient character in their fonts, and they were extremely slanderous, which made people sigh.
After the crazy suppression of conservative and diehards in history, Wang Anshi's works have been left behind. Currently, there are only two recognized items, one of which is the "Essential Volume of the Shurangama Sutra". Judging from this work, it is indeed as quick and easy as a quick chapter, which shows that Wang Anshi's running script is extremely fast. However, from an aesthetic perspective, it breaks through conservative ideas and has a unique personality of winning by "intention". His unique style in calligraphy is undoubtedly a new trend in the steady and steady calligraphy of the Song Dynasty.
Su Dongpo, the leader of the "Four Schools of Song Dynasty", once praised Wang Anshi's calligraphy like this:
Jing Gong did it in a deliberate way, not seeking craftsmanship, but was scattered and simple, like a master, with worn clothes and torn shoes, walking between high chariots and four horses, and his eyes were already concerned about the back of a cow.
This is enough to prove that the exquisiteness of Wang Anshi's calligraphy art is enough to prove that the "Essential Volume of the Shurangama Sutra" is a well-deserved national treasure.
Su Shi PK Wang Anshi
The two famous politicians and talents in the Northern Song Dynasty, Su Dongpo and Wang Anshi, because of the very different ideology and literary styles of the dynasty, led to constant personal right and wrong, and the so-called literati are inferior to each other, and Su Wang is still erratic. Fortunately, the two were able to shake hands and make peace in their later years, because of their common frustration in the career, they could look at each other's strengths more clearly and objectively, so that they could tolerate each other's shortcomings, and then understand themselves and see their nature. The two of them’s life experiences and ups and downs show the tragic style of the typical ancient scholar class in feudal society.
Recalling that when Su Dongpo first participated in the system, he showed his sharpness and comprehensively put forward his views on the government policy. All examiners appreciated Dongpo's "literary meaning" and listed him as a high-ranking. However, Wang Anshi, as an expert in edicts, believed that many of Su Dongpo's views were contrary to his previous ten thousand words of letter to the emperor, and therefore denounced Su Dongpo's writing as "a complete Warring States article". This was the first confrontation between the two, that is, an extension of the struggle between the new and old party.
Su Shi's "Huangzhou Cold Food Poetry Post" partially
paper version, 34.5×199.5cm
Taipei Palace Museum
. When Su Dongpo was appointed as the supervisor of the imperial court, the officials were in charge of the issuance of certificates and documents. He was very dissatisfied with Wang Anshi's big talk and ridiculed him in his tribute to Liu Chang , and later he tried his best to oppose Wang Anshi's reforms. As a result, Wang Anshi was very angry and regarded Su Dongpo as a powerful enemy and wanted to expel him from the court and then go quickly. Therefore, Su Dongpo was greatly attacked and excluded by the reformists.
Su Shi's "Encounter Tie"
Also known as "Jiang Shang Tie", running script
Collection of Taipei Palace Museum
In the second year of Xining (1069), Su Dongpo submitted a memorial to the method of tribute examinations that should not be changed lightly. Shenzong admired his proposition very much. After meeting with him that day, he wanted Su Dongpo to review the Regulations of the Secretariat. Wang Anshi tried his best to stop him and strongly recommended Lu Huiqing to take on this position. Shenzong wanted to ask Su Dongpo to practice daily necessities again, but Wang Anshi said that Su Dongpo was not a "reward-able person". Wang Anshi also repeatedly advised Shenzong to demote Dongpo. Before Shenzong heard this, Wang Anshi said that treating Dongpo must be treated like training the "evil horses", "reducing the straw, adding flogging, and making it suitable for the obedience."
In the same year, Su Dongpo was an examiner of the Imperial College, and his questions were asked about the rise and fall of the monarchs in history, which made Wang Anshi even more displeased.
Su Shi's "Scroll of Alder Poems by Du Gongbu"
Chengxintang paper running script
Taipei Ancient Palace Museum Collection (Lan Qianshan Museum Collection)
Two people often meet each other, and they are sarcastic and belittle each other. For example, once, the two of them came to a stele forest and saw a stone tablet a little tilted. Wang Anshi said, "So Dongpo of this stele is wrong!" Su Dongpo immediately retorted, "Anshi was not right at the beginning!" The two of them stand up for their talent and are proud of each other and do not give in to each other, which shows the whole story.
Su Shi's "Luochi Temple Stele" partially
Another time, Wang Anshi considered that Su Dongpo had written twenty-five chapters of "Jince Strategy" before and advocated reform, and wanted to ask him to help him advocate political views. Wang Huai had a glimmer of hope to visit Su Dongpo in person. At that time, Su was discussing Wang's book " Characters Shuo " with several young scholars in his study. Wang Anshi said happily: "This is written by me to remedy the shortcomings of Xu Xushen's "Shuowen Jiezi". For example, the two words "Po" and "Du" are clearly understood, but Xu Gong actually interpreted them as phonography. I think that "Po" is the skin of the earth; "Du" is the whip of bamboos with horses..."
Su Dongpo asked back, "The word 'slip' is the bone of water. Has anyone ever heard of water having essence bones? And the word 'slip', wouldn't it be like a bamboo-whipped dog?" Wang Anshi was unhappy after hearing this, so he could only reluctantly explain: "The word 'slip' comes from fish to an arse, and it is combined into a fish roar. Four horses are horses, and the sky insects are silkworms are silkworms. It was not meaningless for the ancients to make characters."
Su Shi's "Postscript to Wang Jinqing's Ear Tie"
in 1091 (the sixth year of Yuanyou) running script
Su Dongpo said: "The character "Du" is a nine-bird, do you know what allusions are there? "Wang Anshi believed it and asked for advice happily. Su Dongpo said proudly: "The Book of Songs says: 'The roaring dove is in the mulberry, and his son is seven'... "Wang Anshi asked in confusion: "How can seven birds be said to be 'nine birds'?" "Su Dongpo replied slowly: "Aren't the seven birds plus their parents the 'Nine Birds'? "This joke made Wang Anshi very embarrassed, and he left because Su Qingba himself.
mutually exclusive in political views to showing off his knowledge and teasing each other. This is the habit of two great scholars.
"The Dark Clouds in the Sky" is also known as "Songyang Tie" Partial
Su Shi's poems and essays, running script
original works were collected by Xiang Yuanbian of the Ming Dynasty Qing Gui Weng Fanggang
, a total of 36 lines, totaling 307 characters. The hidden place is unknown
Another time, Su Dongpo went to visit Wang Anshi, and happened to Wang Anshi sleeping. Su Dongpo saw two lines of Wang Anshi's poem "Ode to Chrysanthemums" on the desk: "The west wind passed through the garden last night, and the yellow flowers were blowing down the ground. ", Su Dongpo believed that the chrysanthemums eventually withered and scorched without falling petals, so he continued the poem according to the rhyme: "The autumn flowers do not fall than the spring flowers, and he said it carefully to the poet. "When Su Dongpo was demoted to Huangzhou, he saw the chrysanthemums blowing down from the autumn wind and realized that it was because he had not proved it and took it for granted.
Su Dongpo's "Prayer of Rain" is also known as "Yingzhou Rain Prayer Poetry" local
Su Dongpo signed a letter in the sixth year of Yuanyou (1091 AD)
paper 29× 120cm, two poems, running script
I don’t know where to hide
Another time, when Su Dongpo was demoted to Hainan, Wang Anshi gave him a farewell ceremony. Wang wrote a poem saying: "The bright moon is croaking in the sky, and the five dogs are lying on the heart of the flower", but Su Dongpo easily changed it to: "The bright moon is shining in the sky, and the five dogs are lying on the shadow of the flower". Later, when Su Dongpo was in Danzhou, Hainan, he realized that there was a bird called "Bright Moon" and a flower called "Five Dogs are lying on the shadow of the flower". He suddenly realized.
Although Su Dongpo and Wang Anshi were together Exclusion and derogatory, but after all, they mainly focus on their literary struggle. As time goes by, the two eventually became frustrated in the political arena. After sobering up, they both believed that it was the main cause of their jealousy. Fame and wealth left with the smoke. After realizing their nature, both sides had the desire to repent and appreciate each other's talent.
Su Shi's "Sir to the Post"
According to 109 (the eighth year of Yuanyou),
In terms of political views, Wang Anshi believes that Su Dongpo was a great talent and a loyal minister of the generation. When Su Dongpo was convicted and beheaded in the Wutai poetry case, his life was in danger. At that time, none of the officials of different surnames in the court pleaded for Su Dongpo. After hearing this, Wang Anshi wrote to Shenzong from Jiangning and said, "How can there be a sage world killing talented people?"
Su Dongpo admired Wang Anshi's articles, knowledge, superhuman insights, and decisiveness. He once called Wang Anshi the "Records of Yingzong" written by Wang Anshi the best written in dynasty historical books. Thanks to great praise, the "Spirited Rhyme" snow poem written by Su Dongpo in Mizhou was very enthusiastic.
. Su Dongpo passed through Jiangning in the third year of Yuanfeng (1084), and felt guilty about the "Speech" incident. He made a special visit to Wang Anshi to eliminate the barriers that had been separated for many years. Wang Anshi, who had already left the wild and lived leisurely, heard that after Dongpo arrived in Jiangning, he immediately wore a straw raincoat and a straw hat, rode a thin donkey, and rushed to the ferry to meet Su Dongpo in dust.
Wang Anshi's "Bao Cong Tie"
Paper Running Book 26×32.1cm
Collection of Taipei Palace Museum
In a conversation, Su Dongpo expressed dissatisfaction with the court's successive use of troops and repeated measures to promote large prisons, believing that the "large-soldier prison" was a precursor to the demise of the Han and Tang Dynasties, and advised Wang Anshi to come forward to stop it. Wang Anshi first said that it was the result of Lu Huiqing's administration. He was no longer in power and was inconvenient to intervene.
Dongpo continued: "'If you are in court, you will speak, and if you are outside, you will not speak.' This is just a common ritual for serving the king. The emperor treats you with extraordinary rituals. How can you repay the emperor with regular rituals?" Wang Anshi immediately said excitedly: "I must meet the emperor to make a statement!" and told Dongpo not to reveal this. It turned out that he was still scared of Lu Huiqing's intrigue.
Then, the two talked about poetry and essays. Su Dongpo wrote a handwritten handwriting and gave each other a gift. Wang Anshi was not satisfied enough, so he recited his poems himself, asking Su Dongpo to write them and leave them to him as a souvenir. Su Dongpo praised Wang Anshi's two sentences "Calling plums and scattering the white flowers at night, and raising peaches and showing off the daylight" with the syntax of "Chu Ci", which Wang Anshi happily recognized.
Wang Anshi's "The Essence of the Imperial Sutra of Running Stories" Volume
Paper 29.9×119cm
Collection of Shanghai Museum
Su Dongpo was in Jiangning for several days, and the two wrote poems and sang together many times. Su Dongpo's poems on Jiangshan include two sentences: "There are many clever peaks and the sun is in the sun, and the river is far away and wants to float in the sky". Wang Anshi highly praised and sighed, "I have never written poems in my life, but there are no two sentences!"
When Wang Anshi sent Su Dongpo away, he said to others: "I don't know that there are such figures in his youth!" This classic statement is actually a portrayal of the rise and fall of the two great literary talents!
article comes from the Internet, and the copyright belongs to the original author!
statement | The pictures and texts are from the Internet, aiming to share and disseminate, and the copyright belongs to the original author! The original text only represents the views of the original author and does not represent the views or positions of the Shuyi Commune. If you have any questions about the content, copyright or other issues of the work, please contact the Shuyi Commune within 30 days after the work is published.
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