Not long ago, the "China Elderly Talent Network" sponsored by the Elderly Talent Information Center of the China Association for Aging was officially launched, marking the official start of construction of my country's elderly talent information database and the elderly talent information service platform. It has been launched for 2 days and has attracted more than 5,000 job seekers and more than 100 companies to register. For a time, reemployment of the elderly became a hot topic of social concern. The topic of " McDonald's recruiting retired staff" once became a hot search on the Internet.
Can the "silver-haired tribe" re-employment usher in the "second spring" of career? What are the original intentions and expectations of elderly people who are willing to find employment? Will this become the new normal in society? In addition to encouragement, what else should be done to protect the labor rights and interests of the elderly? With a series of questions, the reporter conducted in-depth visits.
"Silver Hair" Voice
Relaxation of mentality and expect "Old people to do something"
The newly revised " Law on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of the Elderly " mentioned: According to social needs and possibilities, the elderly are encouraged to engage in business and production activities in accordance with the law while voluntarily and within their capacity. In other words, some "light" elderly people who have just retired, have a good physical condition and have spare energy can continue to play their role and participate in social labor.
In fact, reemployment of the elderly is not a brand new topic. People in Tianjin often say "making up for the gap", which means that the elderly "retire but never rest" and find another job to subsidize their lives. In the past, "making up for the difference" was mostly to make up for the "difference" of the economy. Nowadays, the elderly have more reasons to choose to make up for the gap and have a wider variety of job searches. During the interview, the reporter found that although the elderly have different ages, different purposes and different employment methods, everyone generally relaxes their mindset. Rather than saying "re-employment", it is better to say that they choose a new way of life in their later years.
"Don't accept old age, always stay young"
"I think people with skills and rich social experience have a high probability of re-employment after retirement." Ms. Chen, who is in her 50s, is responsible for human resources at the unit. Although she has a few years left to retire, she has already begun to plan for re-employment after retirement. "It's not because of economic pressure, I don't want to be idle at home every day. I don't feel old at all. Find something meaningful to keep your life young."
Based on work experience, Ms. Chen plans to find a job on commercial insurance pension planning after retirement. "It's equivalent to transforming to do business. You need to have performance in your business and constantly learn new knowledge. Although there is pressure, I can use my current major and resources. I feel full of motivation when I think of being able to show off in new fields!"
Ms. Chen told reporters that many of my friends around me have found jobs after retirement. In their view, reemployment of the elderly is a way to enrich their old age and enrich themselves. It can not only exert the residual heat, but also alleviate the pressure of elderly care in society.
"Maybe because of the characteristics of the career, people around me who are at my age or even older than me are unwilling to stay idle after retirement. Some people are in their 70s and can still serve part-time services for the company. They are full of enthusiasm for life, which has also infected me." Ms. Chen said. During the interview with
, the reporter met many people who had similar ideas to Ms. Chen. Most of them are engaged in highly professional jobs and have always had clear plans for their career development. For these people, retirement does not mean the end of their careers, but the opportunity to change the track and re-realize their self-worth.
"However, most of us are workaholics, and we are always afraid that we will be idle. We hope that when we re-employment, we can deal with it with a normal mind, and we must slowly adjust and adapt to the life of the elderly. We must not ignore the leisure and fun we should have in our later years." Ms. Chen said jokingly.
"If something goes wrong, it's a problem."
"The elderly should at least be healthy and have a skill. It is difficult for older people to find a suitable position. Employers also have to consider cost-effectiveness. Who dares to recruit you at such an old age?" Mr. Sun, 76, said it very realistically.
Compared with those newly retired elderly people who are "not convinced by the age of old age", elderly people who are close to 70 or even older have little confidence in reemployment. The main reason is that they have some concerns about their age, physical conditions and the attitude of their employers.
"In the past few years of retirement, my unit rehired me and asked me to stay and take care of the young people. Later, with my grandson, I naturally had to go home to help take care of me. Now that the child is older, I have free time, but I am really afraid of not being able to adapt to it if I want to go out and change the environment." Although I said that, Mr. Sun admitted that he didn't want to go out and change the environment, but he thought that the job that suited him was limited, so he gave up.
"In the past, I worked in the company and retired for so many years, and my knowledge was out of touch and I had no place to learn. If I found a security guard or cleaning person, I felt that I was not physically strong enough. I asked someone to ask a few places to make up for the gap, but when I heard that I was at my age, I refused. We also understand that companies are unwilling to find older people. If something goes wrong, it will be a problem!" Although
did not have expectations, Mr. Sun still hoped that there would be a more suitable position for the elderly in the future, especially the relevant rights protection could be improved, so that the elderly could find jobs with peace of mind and enterprises to employ people with peace of mind.
meets the "necessary needs" of employment. The community has great potential for
"The community finds change jobs for us, and asks a master to teach you. You can learn simple manual work at once, which can not only take care of the family, but also make money to supplement the family's income, and provide more guarantees for life." Shengfuyuan Community, Qing (Guang)yuan Street, Beichen District, established an "Ant Workshop", and Aunt Li, a resident, is the first batch of "employees" here.
Shengfuyuan Community is the largest public rental housing community in our city. Most of them live alone, elderly, low-income and other groups and people who need to pay attention to it. To this end, the community explored the establishment of the "Ant Workshop" flexible income increase platform to absorb residents to use their free time to learn to do simple manual work, and solve the problem of "difficulty in employment" for the people.
, coincidentally, when interviewing many social organizations specializing in elderly care services, the relevant person in charge told reporters that when they contact the elderly in the community, many people will more or less express their willingness to re-employment. Among them, some people hope to increase their income to subsidize their lives due to family financial reasons. For these elderly people, the community joins hands with social organizations and co-construction units to meet employment needs.
"We have absorbed some elderly people to work in the community elderly service center and day care center, and have also actively helped to connect with other positions. As a social organization, while serving the elderly in the community well, we also create jobs as much as possible and contribute to helping the elderly with reemployment needs." said Jia Jiyu, head of Tianjin Tongsou Social Work Service Development Center.
In addition, the reporter also learned that some other cities have begun to explore allowing the elderly to participate in economic and social activities more widely. Mr. Gao, who lives in Beijing and Tianjin, told reporters that elderly volunteers wearing yellow tops and holding small red flags can often be seen in the streets and alleys of Beijing, and his father is one of them. "We work for 2 hours every morning and evening, so we don't delay buying vegetables or taking a walk, and we can also make some contributions to maintaining urban order. Seeing that the old man is very fulfilling every day, we feel much more at ease if we are not around," said Mr. Gao.
Market Analysis
"Silver Hair" employment may become the new normal
Recently, the reporter logged into several well-known large online recruitment platforms and found that in the Tianjin area, there are relatively few recruitment positions that can cover the ages of 50 to 60 years old. Among the limited recruitment positions, the job functions are mainly concentrated in two categories: one is technical operation positions, such as maintenance electrician , chemical operation, cleaning, security, etc.; the other is professional knowledge and skills and management positions, such as engineers, professional consultants, production managers, factory managers, finance, etc. There are very few recruitment positions for those over 60 years old. On some recruitment online platforms, the number of recruitment in this age group is almost zero.
Regarding this phenomenon, Zhang Yitong, a workplace consultant at 时快时官方文 , said that although there are currently limited recruitment positions for people over 50 years old, as more and more cities begin to promote reemployment of young people, "silver-haired people" may become a new normal.Job positions recruited by people over 50 years old are concentrated on high operational and service-oriented positions, such as drivers, cleaning workers, etc., and the elderly have a wider range of options and adaptability in jobs. They are willing to engage in fields and positions that are different from young people, such as service industries. On the other hand, it is a high-experience and management position, and rich experience and background have become the unique value given to the elderly by age. In particular, finance, factory managers, special types of engineers, etc., have independent and in-depth industry background, knowledge and skills, and the "year added value" of integrated resources across industries, becoming the consultant target of "enterprise repurchase".
"In actual employment, there may still be certain obstacles for most elderly people, such as employment security inadequate, age discrimination, etc., so the elderly should try to choose a formal and trustworthy employment platform. Reemployment of the elderly can not only enrich the lives of the elderly themselves, but also bring new consumption and employment opportunities, and in concept, the elderly are regarded as resources rather than burdens." Zhang Yitong said.
Enterprises say
Employment has special advantages for the elderly
Tianjin Jinshang Federation member unit - Tianjin Changhu Elderly Care Service Co., Ltd. ("Xiaocheng Changhu"), is a digital family elderly care unit provider that provides living care, medical care , rehabilitation and physiotherapy for the elderly. In the view of Chairman Liu Feng, the company welcomes the elderly to join because in the health care industry, the elderly have their own special advantages, and of course there are certain limitations when working hours.
It is understood that at present, Xiaocheng Changku has a total of 107 full-time caregivers, with an average age of 52 years old. "Nurses need to be caring and patient. These traits have no age limit. Older people are more empathetic when taking care of the elderly." Liu Feng told reporters that not only the nursing staff position, but also the consulting, reception and other positions of Xiaocheng Changku Store, elderly applicants are also welcome to join. "They understand the importance of elderly care services better than young people and understand better what customers need. When introducing services and products to customers, they have their own unique insights."
Liu Feng admitted that the elderly lack competitiveness than middle-aged or young people due to their age, health and other reasons. Especially for some management positions, the company wants to create the " Internet + medical care" model. Many elderly people are not familiar with the Internet, so these positions will consider using experienced young people.
"Each group has its own advantages. The elderly and young people do not conflict when they are employed, but will complement each other. As long as the elderly are placed in suitable positions, they may exert greater energy and create greater value for the company." Liu Feng said.
"Law":
The elderly must prevent legal risks when reemployment is carried out by
"In the current judicial practice, it is believed that when an elderly person who reaches retirement age joins work again, they cannot establish an labor contract relationship with the employer, but establish a labor employment relationship. Since elderly workers cannot establish a labor contract relationship, they cannot enjoy the rights stipulated in the " Labor Contract Law ". "Gao Lu, a lawyer at Tianjin Huihua Law Firm, told reporters, "Many elderly workers cannot protect their rights and interests due to their lack of understanding of the differences in legal rights caused by age changes, and after a dispute arises, they cannot protect their rights and interests."
Gao Lu said that legal disputes among elderly workers mostly occur in the following aspects. First of all, elderly workers are suddenly sick or injured at work and cannot receive necessary compensation. Because the labor contract relationship cannot be established between the elderly workers and the employer, the elderly workers cannot pay work-related injury insurance. Once a disease or work-related injury occurs, the protection of the rights of elderly workers is often in trouble. Here, it is recommended that elderly workers conduct necessary consultations with employers on issues of illness and work-related injuries before joining the job. Have a physical examination before joining the job and buy accidental injury insurance as much as possible.
Secondly, elderly workers who are fired will not be able to enjoy economic compensation or economic compensation . Economic compensation and economic compensation are statutory rights granted to workers by the Labor Contract Law.However, elderly workers based on labor contract cannot enjoy this right. Therefore, it is recommended that elderly workers make written agreements with their employers on issues such as early dismissal of liquidated damages before joining the job.
Finally, elderly workers must also learn to identify the pros and cons of employers. There have been cases where criminals deceived elderly workers in the name of recruiting workers, and there have been cases where criminals fabricated their jobs and defrauded workers of identity information for telecommunications fraud .
For enterprises, Gaolu recommends taking risks well, signing a written contract with the hired elderly, performing physical examinations for the elderly before joining the job, and purchasing corresponding accident insurance.
Stones from other mountains
Creating an elderly-friendly society
At present, population aging has become a global trend. Looking abroad, there are many related research and experiences for our reference and reference. Although the differences in social development stages, cultural concepts, etc. have made the problems and needs faced by countries vary, countries are actively exploring how to better create a friendly society for the "silver-haired people".
In Japan, it is very common for the elderly to "retreat but not rest", especially in the service industries such as restaurants, convenience stores, taxis, etc., among which there are many elderly people over 80 years old. Starting from April 1, 2021, Japan will implement the revised "Employment Safety Law for the Elderly", requiring companies to provide employment opportunities for willing elderly people until they are 70 years old. Recently, the revised "Employment Stabilization Law for the Elderly" also includes six relevant laws, including the "Employment Stabilization Law for the Elderly", "Employment Insurance Law" and "Employment Accident Compensation Law", which specifically requires the implementation of the "same labor and same salary" system for small and medium-sized enterprises. In terms of career development, Japan relies on the "Promotion of Occupational Capacity Development" and the Silver Talent Center to provide important support for the elderly to improve their professional qualities and career adaptability.
In Germany, the return to work has become the "new normal". All levels of society are constantly creating conditions for the elderly to return to work. Many companies have retirement work projects, and all sectors of society provide the elderly with "mini jobs" with less working hours and flexible working hours. The re-employment of elderly people is mainly in industries such as catering, retail, and housekeeping, as well as accounting, engineers, and economic consultants. Some retirees who master high-end technology are even more popular. Some retired experts will provide technical assistance to in developing countries under the funding of the German Ministry of Economic Affairs and the business community.
In Spain, if the elderly are unemployed before they reach the retirement age, the government will provide reemployment opportunities based on their expertise. For example, those with teacher qualifications can be recommended by the government department to go to cram schools or night schools to continue to serve as teachers. The government will also encourage the elderly to " micro-entrepreneurship " to do some small business within their ability. If the stalls are set up according to regulations during the holidays to increase income, the government will be exempted from taxes.
Experts talk about the
system guarantee to keep up with
"We should improve the system design and improve the policy system to improve the enthusiasm and convenience of social participation of the elderly, and fully encourage the elderly who are willing and have the corresponding ability to continue to serve the society." said Hu Wen, associate professor at Nankai University .
Hu Wen admitted that the realization of the "elderly dividend" under the dual background of population structure transformation and active aging is also related to the physical condition of the elderly. "Now, many young people under the age of 70 have the advantages of knowledge, experience and skills. They are in good physical condition and have great expectations for a happy life. They have great potential to play their role. They are the main body of the elderly's human resources and can still become an important force in economic and social development. But there is still a lot of work to be done in this regard to effectively organize and make full use of these elderly resources."
So, what problems may the elderly encounter in employment?
"Support the reemployment of the elderly, and the institutional guarantee must keep up." Hu Wen said that while promoting employment for the elderly, we should improve relevant laws and effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of the elderly. However, my country's laws and regulations on reemployment of the elderly are still in the stage of principle design and discussion, and labor security also needs to be improved and perfected.In addition, diversified and personalized employment training should be carried out to empower the reemployment of the elderly; increase publicity efforts to create a good public opinion atmosphere that welcomes and encourages the reemployment of the elderly.
Is the reemployment of the elderly "scramble for jobs" with young people?
Hu Wen said that if job segmentation can be achieved, employment of young people will not conflict with the use of their remaining energy for the elderly. Some positions cannot meet the psychological expectations of young people due to wages, vacation systems, promotion channels, etc., while the elderly value more in realizing their self-worth through the use of their spare energy. The requirements for labor remuneration, welfare benefits, etc. are not the first priority, which can complement young people. Some positions focus on accumulation of experience. For example, hospitals will invite old experts and professors. These elderly people return to the workplace, which does not affect the career development of young people.
"As my country's aging deepens, employment for the elderly will become a new normal and should be paid attention to by the whole society. It is necessary to further clear up institutional and mechanism barriers and incorporate employment for the elderly into the public service system." Hu Wen suggested that an encouragement and reward mechanism for employment and entrepreneurship for the elderly can be established, appropriately extend the working years of talents in professional and technical fields, develop public welfare positions, promote flexible employment, and provide preferential policies to enterprises that actively promote employment for the elderly; according to the needs of the elderly to participate in the society, explore the establishment of a training and learning platform corresponding to the reemployment needs of the elderly, increase vocational training and career introduction, etc., to help more elderly people achieve what they have done in the elderly. (Reporters Zhang Wenjing, Jiang Ning, Wang Yin)
Source: Tianjin Daily
