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839-July 8, 1839, John D. Rockefeller was born in a small town on the Hudson River in New York, USA. His ancestors were mediocre and his family was poor. My mother is a diligent and simple devout Christian. My father was a cunning businessman who had committed bigamy. He had sold wood, fur, salt, groceries, and even worked as a doctor who pretended to be a ghost to sell fake medicine. Because of "great supernatural powers and everything is in action", there has been no major improvement in life.
In Rockefeller's mind, his father was not an upright person and was extremely irresponsible to his family. The mantra my father told him the most often was "I may not be back." will really disappear for several months later, probably because he is afraid that those patients who have been cheated by his fake medicine will ask him for his life. But the days when I didn't send a penny home often put Rockefeller and his mother in pain.
Rockefeller once said: "When your parents live at the foot of the mountain, you are destined not to live on the top of the mountain."
And his own family is a family at the foot of the mountain. Class gap is a frustrating reality, but it is not to pour cold water on it, so he turned to say: "The starting point does not determine the end point."
Picture | Rockefeller in childhood (Note: The full text and pictures are taken from the documentary "The Legend of American Business Tycoon")
The poor background gave Rockefeller ambition to save himself, and he had a strong sense of making money since he was a child.
For example, when he was a child, he had already sold candy among children; when he was 12 years old, he lent a "huge sum" of $50 he had accumulated to his neighbors to collect interest; even at his ignorant age, he already had the vision of investment. I moved a turkey coop back home and kept the chickens until Thanksgiving to sell them, making a considerable return.
However, due to the existence of the "social father", Rockefeller suffered a lot of grievances.
The money he earned should have been handed over to his mother to support his family, but his father stuffed it into his pocket. This kind of thing happened more than once.
Although this bastard father cannot rely on, it is undeniable that Rockefeller's earliest business mind was enlightenment from his father.
The father told him that "only labor can be paid", so Rockefeller has a smart account book that records in detail what work he did for his family in order to ask his father for wages, although this is a delusion.
At the youngest age, my father taught others that his heart was sinister.
In a game that I am used to make, Rockefeller often stands in a high chair and then jumps into his father's arms. But once, my father did not extend his arms to catch him, but he fell heavily on the floor and cried loudly. What is well-known on the side is my father's laughter, and the sentence "You have to believe in money, not people."
The beating of society first came from the family? Rockefeller undoubtedly felt it.
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days high, let the birds fly, the sea is wide and the fish leaps.
Because my father said, "You should do business as early as possible!" So Rockefeller decided not to go to college after graduating from middle school and went to the business world.
still remember when he was in junior high school, his classmate asked him: "John, what do you want to do when you grow up?" 14-year-old Rockefeller replied without hesitation: "I want to be a person with $100,000, and I will definitely succeed."
If you want to fulfill the "cowhide" you brag when you were a child, Rockefeller naturally cannot find a low-end job.
He said: "I go to the railway company, the bank, and the wholesaler to find a job, but I don't go to the small shops. I have to do big things."
So, in order to find the job I like, Rockefeller interviewed wildly. Every morning at 8 o'clock, he set out in a suit and tie, rushing to interviews in the wind and sun, and wandering in the heavy rain after being turned away again and again.
He becomes more and more courageous as he sets down, and never gets discouraged. He was interviewing for 6 days every week and persisted for 6 weeks. Finally, God rewarded hard work, and he, a child laborer, found his first job in his life - a bookkeeper.
On September 26, 1855, 16-year-old Rockefeller walked into an agricultural product transportation company to work. His weekly salary was only $5, but it was enough to make him ecstatic. This day was designated as his second birthday to commemorate his first day of employment.
Picture | Rockefeller
The job of dealing with numbers is stereotyped and boring, and who will be enthusiastic about this job with no prospects for promotion and a meager salary. But Rockefeller is the exception to most.
He is meticulous in his work attitude and checking accounts is "more than spending his own money." What others saw was how this little child labor was exploited by the boss, but he himself said: "The numbers without emotions are the most honest, so I learned to respect numbers and facts from the work of a bookkeeper."
two completely different mentalities, as he said in his later letter to his son: "Paradise and hell are built by oneself. If you regard work as a pleasure, life is heaven; if you regard work as an obligation, life is hell."
In addition to completing its own work, Rockefeller also likes to come up with ideas for the company's business. But he would not have thought that the hobby of "long-tongued woman" actually gave him the opportunity to "turn the salted fish over".
Once, the company made a mistake and bought a batch of flawed marble at a high price. The boss was heartbroken and could only admit that he was unlucky. At this time, Rockefeller had a sudden inspiration and suggested that the boss put the responsibility on the three transportation companies responsible for transporting the goods.
is undoubtedly a trick to operate behind closed doors, but the boss likes it very much. This brilliant idea saved the company's losses, and Rockefeller's annual salary increased to $300, and the next year it increased to $500.
In the third year, Rockefeller's annual salary increased to $600, but he asked his boss to increase $800, but he was rejected.
was extremely depressed at that moment. While hesitating, he recalled that the "cowhide" he braged when he was a child had not yet been realized. His unwillingness surged into his heart and decisively fired his boss.
The day after leaving the company, Rockefeller was not as easy as a liberation of an employee who had been enslaved for a long time, because leaving also means setting off. His luggage is loaded with great dreams, and he is still heavy and far.
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858, Rockefeller, who was only 19 years old, borrowed $1,000 from his father with 10% interest, and took out all his belongings to $800. He founded his first company in his life with his friend Clark, which mainly engaged in agricultural product trading. Rockefeller is a devout Christian who, when he was ambitious to enter the business world, prayed to God for his company to be smooth sailing. But unexpectedly, the company suffered a Waterloo in its first year of opening.
A catastrophic storm hit the Midwest of the United States and severely damaged crops. When the large batch of beans ordered by Rockefeller was given, most of them were damaged and they lost all their money.
In the year of the disaster, farmers' harvests were all gone bankrupt and they could only pre-sale the grain for the next year. But the prerequisite is that the company that bookes must pay a deposit first.
is also in serious losses, most of the competing companies are unable to pay the deposit and go bankrupt and close down one after another. At this time, partner Clark also suggested to leave the game with a guaranteed capital, but Rockefeller refused. He saw that it was a good time for the Jedi to blossom, and looked directly at Clark with a torch: "Everyone is gone, we should stay."
Then, Rockefeller spread "rumor" through the newspaper, saying that he could provide farmers with large advance payments. On the other hand, he assured his customers that he could supply a large amount of agricultural products in advance.
Obviously, he spoke big talk at both ends. Next, in order to turn the rumors into truth, he must raise working capital. For this reason, he reluctantly borrowed money from his father and borrowed money from the bank without any responsibilities.
When the bank boss asked him what he used to mortgage, he said embarrassedly: "No, I am the guarantee myself.""
bank boss replied and laughed: "Young man, are you kidding?" "
However, unexpectedly, the crazy bank boss actually agreed to lend money to Rockefeller, so that at the moment of signing the loan, Rockefeller felt that he had sold it to the bank with his life.
With this money, Rockefeller received a large number of crops for the next year and sold them to customers who had already placed good orders, and successfully turned losses into profits. The company made a net profit of $4,000 in the first year. The second year , net profit of $12,000.
A year later, in April 1861, the American Civil War broke out, and President Lincoln issued a recruitment order. Rockefeller was immediately embarrassed. Lawfully, he should join the army and go to the front line, but he was full of his mind to make money.
Rockefeller said to Clark in distress: "It's really a hell, my own people beat my own people and let me die? I'd better think about how to make a fortune for them. "
Rockefeller, who had been brave enough to leopards, decided to evade military service. He hired twenty or thirty substitutes as cannon fodder, the last one died, and the other one topped the table.
And on the eve of the war, Rockefeller was busy borrowing money from the bank from the dead, and then hoarded a large amount of grain, salt, ham, cotton, coal and other strategic materials. When the war expanded, materials were short of materials and prices rose, they would all take action.
never missed the merchants who made money in war, and Rockefeller was one of them. As for how much he made, only he knew.
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"Tomorrow, maybe not tomorrow, one person would live a rich life. "
When Rockefeller said this, he had already exposed his ambitions, but at the same time he also exposed his anxiety.
He knew in his heart that his old business - agricultural product sales, although he was doing well, was just a big middleman who made a profit of the difference, and it was difficult to become a rich man in the United States. If he wanted to "get rich overnight", he had to dabble in those things that "get out of the world". While searching hard, oil gushed out. The local area directly gave a question mark to Rockefeller's turning point in his life.
859, oil was discovered in Pennsylvania, USA. Countless capitalists regarded it as the black gold buried deep in the land, and flocked to it. In less than a year, Pennsylvania's oil production area was full of derricks. Rockefeller closely followed the news of Pennsylvania oil. Although he was ready to move, he watched it.
Picture | In 1961, after a period of investigation, Rockefeller decided not to invest in crude oil production. Because there are 72 oil wells there, with a daily output of up to 1,135 barrels. As an emerging energy source, oil has not been widely used and the market demand is limited. Blind mining has a potential crisis.
has not yet been released, and it is indeed like Luo. As Keefeller expected. Due to crazy mining, oversupply of crude oil, oil prices fell again and again, and each barrel of crude oil plummeted from the initial $20 to 10 cents.
Most of the ambitious oil merchants lost their wealth at the beginning. Rockefeller had to admire his wise decision. Afterwards, he summed up the impetuous people with a sarcastic sarcasm: "Pioneers are fools, and if you want to create a career, you must learn to endure it." "
863, the words of British chemist Andrews opened up Rockefeller's understanding of the oil industry: " John, the light emitted when kerosene burns is brighter than any lighting oil, and it will definitely replace other lighting oils. Think about it, John, what a big market it would be, and what would it be if our feet could step in it! "
's enlightened words made Rockefeller quickly realize that the results of oil exploration and mining were unpredictable and high risks. Oil refining is not only insurance, but also the most critical profit-making link in this industry.
With the joining of lighting oil expert Andrews, Rockefeller and his partner Clark each invested $4,000 to establish an oil refinery. After Andrews successfully extracted kerosene, less than a year, the refining industry had become the company's most profitable main business. Rockefeller immediately decided to switch from agricultural product operations and vigorously develop the refining industry.
However, when Rockefeller intends to go all out and thrive, his former partner Clark pours cold water on him. Clark disagrees with the company continuing to take risks in expanding its business, believing that small steps are the most stable strategy.
Rockefeller recalled: "Because I took out a loan to expand my refining business, he (Clark) was very angry, as if it offended him." When
poked the point of anger, Rockefeller even criticized Clark fiercely:
"Clark is an ignorant, conceited, weak, and lack of courage. He was afraid of failure and advocated a cautious business strategy, which was completely contrary to my business concept.
In my eyes, money is like dirt. If you spread it out, you can do a lot of things, but if you want to hide it, it will smell unheard. Clark is not a good businessman, he doesn't know the true value of money."
865 In January, in order to expand the scale, Rockefeller wanted to buy an oil field in the Pitt Hall River, but before that, he needed Clark to agree to sign an IOU. But unexpectedly, what he got was Clark's furiousness, and he angrily accused Rockefeller of wanting debt to push the company into a fire pit. Rockefeller retorted: "As long as borrowing money can steadily expand the business, we should borrow it." Indeed, Rockefeller never regarded borrowing money as a bad thing, as long as it is not used in a crisis.
In his letter to teach his son, he said: "Borrowing money is to create good luck. If you mortgage a piece of land and you can borrow enough cash to allow me to monopolize a larger area, then I will seize this opportunity without hesitation."
So, borrowing money is Rockefeller's usual style to achieve his goals. But for partners with different personalities, Rockefeller's behavior angered Clark, but Clark's reaction also completely angered Rockefeller.
"When we have huge differences on important things, our cooperation has come to an end. Clark has become a stumbling block on my road to success, and I have to kick him away - break up with him. This is an important moment."
So, the moment of parting ways has come.
The two decided to auction the company, and the higher the price will be awarded. The auction floor price of
started from 500 US dollars, slowly climbed to several thousand US dollars, and then climbed to 50,000 US dollars. The price at this time had exceeded the value of the refinery itself, but the two of them had tit-for-tat and did not give in. Until it broke through $70,000, Clark began to feel scared, and when Rockefeller offered $72,500, Clark finally surrendered. The ownership of
company was finalized. At that moment, Rockefeller was very excited and still shocked. Because he was not sure if he could buy this business he had created. The result of
is conceivable. He paid a high price and almost liquidated his entire net worth. But he finally exclaimed: "I no longer worry about those short-sighted mediocre people blocking my way."
After removing dissidents, 26-year-old Rockefeller owns the largest oil refinery in Cleveland. He is a big guy who can eat 500 barrels of crude oil a day, and his output is enough to rank among the world's largest refiners. The company's profits have been repeated, and the taxes paid in that year have exceeded US$30,000.
years later, when recalling that auction, Rockefeller was full of gratitude. He said: "It was a big gamble. The bet was money, and the bet was life."
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"To be honest, I am an ambitious man. I have wanted to be a rich man since I was a child."
865, Rockefeller ambitiously opened a second refinery-standard refinery. Four years later, the two refineries merged and named "Standard Petroleum Company" . This name, destined to be recorded in history, set off the most exciting monopoly battle in Rockefeller's life. At a dull noon, an unusual phone rang out in Rockefeller's office, and the sound on the other end of the phone was strange and thick. When the other party reported to his house, Rockefeller felt a trembling heart, and things became difficult.The voice on the other end of the phone came from the most powerful man in the United States at that time, Conneils Vanderbilt.
Vanderbilt is the railroad king of the United States. Over the years, he has built too many railways, but no more cargo is filling his trains.
The popular application of kerosene has driven away the darkness of sunset for thousands of households. Vanderbilt realized that due to the sharp surge in demand for kerosene, oil will be the new cargo for his trains to return with full load.
Vanderbilt's idea hit it off with Rockefeller, who was troubled by reducing transportation costs. The two privately reached an exclusive deal: Rockefeller promised that his kerosene could fill Vanderbilt's train, and Vanderbilt promised to give a cheaper shipping fee. The result of the cooperation between
is that Vanderbilt's train became a "specified special train" of Standard Oil, which led to competitors' loading and transportation without trains after producing oil, and for this, they had to lean towards Standard Oil to surrender.
This situation is exactly what Vanderbilt wants to see. If he wants to monopolize the oil transportation market, he must support his only customer, Rockefeller, and monopolize the refining industry.
But in fact, Vanderbilt doesn't trust Rockefeller's oil production to fill his train. Interestingly, Vanderbilt’s concerns are true. Rockefeller's Standard Oil Company's oil production could not fill the 60-car carriages proposed by Vanderbilt, and it was not even full of half of them.
So, Rockefeller is just taking the lead and reached a short agreement with Vanderbilt that is "no sound". But next, he will use the gimmick to convince the bankers to borrow a large sum of money from them. With capital, he can unscrupulously start a bloody storm.
In order to compete for overlordship in the Cleveland region, Rockefeller must eat up other refineries.
In the market, he fought a price war, even lowering the cost price, so as to force his opponent to be unable to operate and acquire it in one fell swoop. If you encounter a refiner who is stubbornly resisting, Rockefeller will do everything he wants to buy all the oil barrels on the market and the warehouses that store oil, causing the opponent to face the embarrassing situation of "no barrels with oil". In the end, he would appear as a "good guy" and propose solutions for his opponent, but the final result was nothing more than that the opponent was acquired under Standard Oil.
Within two years, 26 refineries in Cleveland have been controlled by Standard Oil Company 21. But that was far from enough, Rockefeller wanted more, so he started the idea of a crude oil company. After careful planning, he set up a trap and sent a large number of salesmen to spread the news, announcing Standard Oil to acquire oil at an abnormally high price of $4.75 per barrel and trade it in cash.
For a time, stimulated by huge profits, oil producers frantically produced oil, supplying the total crude oil to Standard Oil Company every day was as high as 15,000 barrels.
Behind the temptation of profit, these greedy oil producers have all taken the bait. Just two weeks later, the oil market was oversupply, and Rockefeller immediately turned against the price and announced that the crude oil purchase price had dropped from $4.75 to $2.5. Suddenly, the oil producer was in an uproar and cursed.
Rockefeller defended: "Standard Oil Company has never promised that the purchase price of crude oil will remain unchanged. The situation of oversupply is completely the fault of the oil producers. The acquisition price is now $2.5, and you can refuse to accept it, but I want to add that next week, the company will not acquire any crude oil that is higher than $2 per barrel."
Although the current oil production area is full of wailing, Rockefeller does not intend to give these dying crude oil companies a chance to breathe. He took out a lot of money to buy the presidents of major banks and informed them that loans from these crude oil companies were prohibited. Due to excessive crude oil accumulation and no money to borrow money to transition, many oil production companies were forced to sell them to the wealthy Rockefeller at a low price.
The annexation over the past few years has caused Rockefeller to bear countless infamous reputations. A reporter once cursed him in person and said, "So many people are destroyed because of your family. Aren't you afraid of going to hell?"
Rockefeller smiled coldly and responded: "The world of the prey on the weak, everyone is a "sinner", and everyone is going to hell."
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Once upon a time, Rockefeller promised to return Vanderbilt's train with a full load, but now, Rockefeller's oil has become so much that Vanderbilt is overwhelmed.
Vanderbilt's railway rival Tom Scott saw it and was already eyeing it. He dreamed of replacing Vanderbilt, and the key to victory was to reach a deal with Rockefeller.
Scott offered a better condition than the previous one: Standard Oil Company will receive a 40% rebate for every barrel of oil shipped by .
This is a condition that Vanderbilt would never have offered, and Rockefeller readily agreed. When the railway giants fought to the death, Rockefeller became the biggest beneficiary in the middle, and even said that he had played the railway company in his hands. On the other side of
, Vanderbilt was furious when he learned that Rockefeller had betrayed the exclusive transportation agreement that had been signed privately. He decided to fight back, but the way Rockefeller never expected that Vanderbilt would form a "rail alliance" with his strong rival Scott, and announced the withdrawal of the deal with Rockefeller in order to force Rockefeller to surrender.
Before finding a new mode of transportation, Rockefeller fell into a passive position. He needed to accept the expensive transportation prices re-established by the "Railway Alliance", otherwise his kerosene would not be able to be shipped to every household in the United States. The coercion of the two railway giants,
, made Standard Oil Company helpless to give up its profits, but this success did not last long.
Rockefeller has the habit of patrolling oil refineries. He often wears a suit and gets oil stains.
An accidental inspection inspired Rockefeller: Since the pipeline can transport oil at a short distance, can it also transport oil at a long distance?
With this bold assumption, Rockefeller is willing to take risks. He was full of energy and did whatever he wanted, directing a large number of workers to work day and night, laying nearly 3 kilometers of pipelines every day. The black oil pipes pass through the green grasslands, connecting thousands of oil wells, and then returning to Standard Oil Company in Cleveland.
This is a massive project, with a 6,500-kilometer oil pipeline forming a staggered spider web, marking that pipeline transportation will replace traditional railway transportation and complete its future oil mission. On the day the oil pipe was laid, the railway was forever kicked out of the oil business. The barrel producers also affected the fish in the pond. Oil transported through pipelines no longer requires containers, and barrel producers declared bankruptcy.
From that day on, Standard Oil Company broke free from the constraints of railways, greatly reduced operating costs and maximized profits.
The so-called prosperity and prosperity are also the expansion of Rockefeller's ambitions. He is no longer satisfied with dominating Cleveland, he wants to dominate the oil market across the United States.
Many oil producers and refineries have received Rockefeller's ultimatum: "I now provide you with a way out that can be arrogant. Selling the company to Standard Oil is a godsend opportunity. If you get the stock of Standard Oil, you and the people you love will always rest assured."
Big fish eats small fish, this is not a truth, but a cruel reality. Whether they agree or not, Rockefeller just takes it all.
However, at this time, Andrews, a former lighting oil expert who joined the franchise, was obviously not very satisfied with Rockefeller's approach. He hopes to divide all the money earned by the company and take them home, while Rockefeller hopes to keep half of it and invest in the company's acquisition plan.
"Mr. Andrews is a man without business acumen but self-righteous... It's no surprise that such a person clashes with me. This selfish guy wants to share all the money he earns, and even threatens me angrily that he doesn't want to continue working in the company."
Andrews has become an obstacle. Rockefeller must showdown. He bought the stocks that Andrews offered 1 million, and then monopolized the power.
Andrews was so happy that he felt that the stocks he had in his hands were not worth 1 million, and thought he had taken advantage of it. But he was undoubtedly the stupidity of his partner Clark before repeating.
Not to mention that Rockefeller would make a net profit of 300,000 when the stocks he bought from him were transferred. In just a few years, Andrews would be heartbroken and ruined his own chance to become a wealthy American.
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" The era of small businessmen is over, and the era of big enterprises is coming. "
This is a sentence Rockefeller saw in a magazine article. He felt that this sentence was what he wanted.
He hired the author of this article for a high salary of $500. Dodd returned to work in the company. Dodd was a young lawyer who was responsible for exploring legal loopholes every day. Later, he proposed the concept of a "trust" monopoly organization.
Rockefeller was overjoyed because Dodd's proposal was right.
After the fight in 1882, Rockefeller merged more than 40 manufacturers as he wished. One person monopolized 98% of the kerosene in the United States and eventually monopolized all the world's production. Among them, it also included 90% of the oil transmission capacity and 25% of the crude oil production to which the industrial chain belonged.
For a long time, from the late 19th century to the early 20th century, the oil world was Rockefeller's dominance. But the US government under Roosevelt's rule had not stopped prosecution and investigation of Standard Oil. Until May 15, 1911, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled the Standard Oil Company monopoly case: Standard Oil Company is a monopoly institution and must be dissolved within six months.
When he heard this judgment, Rockefeller remained silent for a long time. Amid the fierce criticism of the judge, he did not say a word. Finally, before he was about to leave court, he made the last refutation for Standard Oil Company for his struggle for life:
"When I first entered the oil industry, it was in chaos. I brought orders and I chose a sub-efficient market so that the industry could develop. I brought light to every household, no one blamed me; I provided tens of thousands of jobs and millions of dollars in exports, no one blamed me. Oil is the basis for survival of this country. You call it a monopoly, but I call it a career. "
There is no banquet that will last forever. When the "big banquet" was monopolized, Rockefeller must have expected such a day to come.
Six months later, Rockefeller's kingdom disintegrated, but his wealth did not decrease, but instead increased day by day.
Still remember the 14-year-old Rockefeller Le once dreamed of "being a person with $100,000". After 57 years, this dream increased by 100 million times - in 1910, the 71-year-old Rockefeller became the first person on the planet to have a billion dollars.
In the second half of his life when he was rich, he had a more difficult thing than making money, that is, how to spend money.
Rockefeller retired at the age of 57, and in his long 41-year retirement career, Rockefeller is passionate about charity.
He invested a lot of money in the education industry. Yale University , Harvard University, Brown University and other world-renowned universities have received large funding. Especially the University of Chicago, which was originally unknown, received a total of 80 million US dollars, becoming a world-class university.
Later, Rockefeller established the "Rockefeller Health Commission", which promoted the world's public health and medical level. Peking Union Medical College Hospital , which has the "first-class medical school in Asia", was founded by him.
" New York Times " once wrote: "Mr. Rockefeller's property may be the limit that any private American citizen can accumulate through personal efforts. ”
So, the total amount of Rockefeller’s charitable donations is $550 million. It may be a limit that no philanthropist in the world can reach.
Picture | Rockefeller and his old rival Carnegie
donated a lot.Is this a redemption for the first half of life or a replenishment for the second half of life?
I wonder if anyone thinks so, capitalists do charity either because of hypocrisy of self-marketing or atone for their first half of their lives. Money is evil, and as much sin as you earn, you will be attached to it. Therefore, Rockefeller's life was mixed and criticized. Some people called him a capitalist who was useless and profit-oriented, but when he donated money or dispersed his "sin" on his body, some people respected him as a generous philanthropist.
It is true that no matter how poor or rich a person is, he will be criticized as long as he is alive. Perhaps the cleanest and purest thing in Rockefeller is his husband's identity.
Since getting married at the age of 25, Rockefeller has never had a second love relationship. He has never played with women, and he has never played with women in his life. It does not mean that men will definitely eat, drink, gamble when they have money, but very few can be clean.
So, in terms of personal life, Rockefeller is a good husband. He and his wife grew old together and gave birth to four daughters and a son.
At the same time, Rockefeller is also a good father. He does not smoke, drink, does not like to get angry, has no bad habits, and maintains a good image in front of his children from beginning to end. This should be one of the reasons why he lived a long life (98 years old).
often succeeding people are busy with work, and the same is true for Rockefeller, but he did not ignore the education of his children. During his busy schedule, he wrote 38 earnest family letters to his son, which brought together life advice on knowledge, character, appearance, communication, career, life, etc.
His descendants lasted for six generations and all benefited a lot from these family letters. After more than 100 years of baptism, the Rockefeller family is still the most prestigious wealthy family in the United States.
Now these 38 letters have been compiled into the book "38 Letters by Rockefeller to his Son". It is rare to see Rockefeller, who is cruel and ruthless in the business world, actually has a gentle side in teaching his children.
"Dear Son" will always be the beginning of every letter of his, "Love your father" will always be the end of every letter of his.
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