Author: Xiangwangyu Jianghu
Red Front Army Long March After the arrival of northern Shaanxi, there were only more than 7,000 people left when they set off.
Before the Long March, the Red Front Army had 5 corpses and 12 divisions:
Red First Army Red 1 Division (Teacher Li Jukui, Political Commissar Lai Chuanzhu), Red 2nd Division (Teacher Chen Guang, Political Commissar Liu Yalou), Red 15th Division (Teacher Peng Shaohui, Political Commissar Xiao Hua); Red 4th Division (Teacher 3 Hong Chao , Political Commissar Huang Kecheng), Red 5th Division (Teacher Li Tianyou, Political Commissar Zhong Chibing), Red 6th Division (Teacher 3 Cao Deqing , Political Commissar Xu Ce).
Red 13th Division of the Red Fifth Army (Teacher Chen Bojun, Political Commissar Luo Shengmin), Red 34th Division (Teacher Chen Shuxiang, Political Commissar Cheng Cuilin ).
Red Eighth Army Red 21st Division (Teacher Zhou Kun , Political Commissar Huang Su ), Red 23rd Division (Teacher Sun Chaoqun, Political Commissar Li Ganhui); Red 9th Army Red 3rd Division (Teacher Luo Binghui and Political Commissar Cai Shufan), Red 22nd Division (Teacher Zhou Zikun, Political Commissar Huang Kaixiang ). After
arrived in northern Shaanxi, the numbers of 12 main divisions of the original 5 legions were only the Red First Legion, 2 divisions (Red 2nd Division, Red 4th Division), and 2 regiments (Red 1st Regiment, Red 13th Regiment). And three of the commanders of the 412 main divisions of the Red Army have died on the Long March of 25,000 miles.
The first division commander to sacrifice was Hong Chao, the commander of the Red 4th Division of the Red Third Army.
Hong Chao's sacrifice was somewhat unexpected, because the tiger fell on the first blockade line with relatively weak enemy forces. When the battle broke out, the "borrowing negotiations" between Zhou Gong, Li Kenong, Pan Hannian and Guangdong Army Chen Jitang were not finalized.
The so-called "border negotiation" is to use the conflict between Chen Jitang and his direct army to "hide the world" across Ganjiang .
However, the decision-making level led by Bogu and Li De was not prepared for a major strategic transfer, and the Chairman, Liu Bocheng and others were deprived of command. Therefore, when the Red Army set off with big cars and small cars, the "borrowing negotiations" were not over yet, and the Guangdong army and local armed forces on the first blockade line did not receive any notice. Hong Chao, the commander of the Red 4th Division, ordered a strong attack, but unfortunately was hit by cold gun and died.
Hong Chao is from Huangmei, Hubei. He participated in the Guangzhou Uprising at the age of 18 and then participated in the riot in southern Hunan and served as General Zhu's guard. After the Pingjiang Uprising After the team of Jinggangshan , Hong Chao was transferred to General Peng as a staff officer and was later promoted to commander of the 6th Division of the Red Third Army. In 1932, he lost his left arm in the battle between Caotaigang. Later, he served as the commander of the 4th Red Division. After the Long March, he was named as the pioneer by General Peng. He was only 25 years old when he died.
After Hong Chao's death, the commander of the Red 4th Division was taken over by founding general Zhang Zongxun and partnered with political commissar Huang Kecheng. After the founding of the 4th Red Division of Hong Chao, four generals were produced: Yang Yong, the political commissar of the 10th Regiment, Wang Ping and Zhang Aiping, the political commissar of the 11th Regiment, and Su Zhenhua, the political commissar of the 12th Regiment. There is also a battalion commander, Zhang Zhen, the founding lieutenant general.
Hong Chao
The second division commander who died was Chen Shuxiang, the commander of the Red 34th Division of the Red Fifth Army.
During the Long March, Red Fifth Corps served as the rear guard of the entire army. The commander of the army, Dong Zhentang, political commissar Li Zhuoran, and the chief of staff were Liu Bocheng, who was demoted by Li De and Bo Gu, and the party representative was Chen Yun. The 34th Division of the Red 5th Army was also the rear guard of the Red Fifth Army. When passing through the fourth blockade line of the Xiangjiang River, it was also called the "Dead Guard Division" because it was responsible for the blocking mission and its main force was blocked by the Xiangjiang River.
Chen Shuxiang's original name is Chen Shuchun. He is from Changsha, Hunan. He met the chairman when he was selling vegetables at the age of 16 and called him "Chunyazi".
Later, Chen Shuxiang followed the chairman to participate in the Autumn Harvest Uprising , Sanwan adaptation , and went to Jinggangshan again, serving as guards for the Chairman and President Zhu successively. After the Ningdu Uprising Force was reorganized, Chen Shuxiang was transferred to the commander of the 101st Regiment of the Red 34th Division and the commander of the 34th Division.
When the Xiangjiang Battle , he and political commissar Cheng Cuilin, 100th Regiment commander Han Wei and political commissar Hou Zhonghui ran to the army to receive the task.
Commander Dong Zhentang and Chief of Staff Liu Bocheng read out the telegram from their superiors to them: As the rear guard of the entire army, the Red 34th Division must resolutely prevent the enemy from chasing them and cover the Red 8th Corps through Sujiang and Paojiang. If they are cut off by the enemy, they will return to Hunan to carry out guerrilla warfare . On the way back, Chen Shuxiang immediately ordered Han Wei to lead the 100th Regiment to lead the 100th Regiment to prevent the Gui enemy from advancing north; the division headquarters and the 101st Regiment were in the middle, and the political commissar Cheng Cuilin and the 102nd Regiment followed, occupying favorable terrain, and blocking the 3 Zhou Hunyuan and other units. The Red 34th Division fought bloody battles for four days and five nights, and only more than 400 scattered personnel including Han Wei survived. Chen Shuxiang was injured in the abdomen and was captured. He broke his intestines on the stretcher of the security regiment and died heroically.
"The Dead Guard Division" Chen Shuxiang (played by Zhang Tong) "The Dead Guard Division" Chen Shuxiang (played by Zhang Tong)
The third division commander who died was Cao Deqing, the commander of the Red 6th Division of the Red Third Army.
Cao Deqing died of illness before crossing the Chishui River at the age of 26.
Cao Deqing is from Yiyang, Hunan. He served in the army in , Hunan Army, and later participated in the Pingjiang Uprising. From the company commander, battalion commander, regiment commander to the commander of the Red 6th Division adapted from Xingguo Model Division, he has always been a tiger general under General Peng. After the Long March began, the Red 4th Division and the Red 6th Division were appointed as the vanguards on the left and right sides.
After the start of the Long March, the 16th Regiment of the Red 6th Division captured Hanfang, and the 6th Division captured Gubi and Bangshi, taking the lead in breaking through the first blockade line.
Immediately afterwards, the Red 6th Division and the Red 5th Division fought together to break through the second blockade line south of Rucheng. In the battle on the third blockade line, the Red 6th Division disguised itself as a sneak attack to win Yizhang and was commended by superiors. During the Xiangjiang Battle, the 18th Regiment of the 6th Red Division was almost wiped out to support Red Eighth Legion .
After the Zunyi Conference , the Red Army encountered a tenacious obstacle from the Sichuan Army Guo Xunqi and other troops in Tucheng, and the battle fell into a stalemate after repeated attacks. The Chairman quickly made a decision to withdraw from the battle, and then crossed the Chishui River in three directions, and then moved towards the Thaxi area on the border between Sichuan and Yunnan.
The erratic recklessness of the Red Army attracted He Jian's Hunan Army, Xue Yue's direct army, Guizhou Army and Long Yun's Yunnan Army. Cao Deqing and the Red 6th Division's performance during crossing the Chishui River was also remarkable. However, just as the Red 6th Division was gathering and resting in Thaxi, the division commander Cao Deqing unfortunately passed away.
At that time, due to the lack of medical treatment and medicine in the Red Army, many commanders and soldiers did not have the conditions to treat, which was also a major reason for the reduction of personnel in the Long March.
Schematic diagram of the second crossing of Chishui
Fortunately, there were 9 division commanders of the Red Front Army who persisted to northern Shaanxi.
During the full-scale war of resistance, Zhou Kun, the commander of the Red Eighth Army and the commander of the Red 21st Division, was the capable general under General Lin, who served as the chief of staff of the 115th Division of the Eighth Route Army. In March 1938, the world suddenly evaporated, and disappeared with him. Half of the military expenditure of 115th Division in January 30,000 legal currency .
The reason why Zhou Kun disappeared has been different for a long time, but it is still a puzzling and unsolved mystery.
Commander of the Red 22nd Division Zhou Zikun, who was a soldier from Liu Zhenhuan's unit in his early years. He served as the squad leader of the armored chariot of the Grand Marshal's Mansion and the battalion commander of the 4th Army of the Northern Expedition Army. After joining the Red Army, he served as Chief of Staff of the Red 5th Army, Commander-in-Chief of the Fujian Military Region, and Commander of the Red 22nd Division of the Red 9th Army.
In the early days of the Anti-Japanese War, Zhou Zikun served as the deputy chief of staff of the New Fourth Army (the chief of staff was Zhang Yunyi), and was killed by a traitor during the Southern Anhui Incident.
Luo Binghui, commander of the Red Ninth Army and commander of the Red 3rd Division, was a confidant of the Yunnan Army in his early years, and later transferred to Zhu Peide. In April 1929, he revolted in western Jiangxi and later served as the commander of the Red 12th Army. After the Xiangjiang Battle, the number of the Red 3rd Division was revoked. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, he served as deputy commander of the First Detachment of the New Fourth Army and commander of the Second Column. He passed away in June 1946 due to illness.
The commander of the Red 2nd Division Chen Guang followed General Zhu to Jinggangshan after the riot in southern Hunan. He has served as the commander of the th division of the Shao Communist International Division and the commander of the 2nd division of the Red Division. During the Long March, Chen Guang and Liu Yalou led the Red 2nd Division to seize passes and passes and made many extraordinary achievements. 's victory over Luding Bridge was recorded in history. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, Chen Guang served as the commander of the 115th Division. During the War of Liberation, he served as the deputy chief of staff of Dongye. Unfortunately, he committed suicide in June 1954.
Chen Guang during the Anti-Japanese War
In September 1955, four division commanders during the Red Army were awarded the rank of general.
They are Li Jukui, commander of the Red 1st Division of the Red 1st Division, Peng Shaohui, commander of the Red 15th Division; Li Tianyou, commander of the Red 5th Division of the Red 3rd Division; and Chen Bojun, commander of the Red 13th Division of the Red 5th Division of the Red 5th Division of the Red 5th Division. In addition, only Sun Chaoqun, the commander of the Red 23rd Division of the Red Eighth Army, was awarded the rank of major general.
Founding Major General Sun Chaoqun
Sun Chaoqun is from Funan, Anhui. After surrendering to the Red Army, he was promoted from a small soldier to the commander of the Red 64th Division and the commander of the Red 23rd Division in just 3 years. However, the entire Red 23rd Division was wiped out in the battle of Xiangjiang River, which became a major turning point in Sun Chaoqun's military career. He then worked as a teacher at the Red Army University.
During the War of Resistance Against Japan, Sun Chaoqun was appointed commander of the Sixth Division of Jinsui. During the liberation, he served as deputy commander of the Fourth Column of the West, deputy commander of the 4th Army, and deputy commander of the 7th Army. Although his military rank is relatively low, his merits are also immortal as the founding general who survived the Long March.
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