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In June 1938, on the eve of the Battle of Wuhan , the Japanese invaders transferred a veteran officer familiar with Central China geography to the front line and served as the commander of the 11th Army. This person is the infamous Okamura Yasuji . Due to the nearly one year of war consumption, in addition to the permanent division, Japan added a 106th Division based on the left-behind division of the 6th Division of , and classified it into the 11th Army of the Central China Expeditionary Army.
The new official took office and got strong support. Okamura Yanji was full of confidence and vowed to do a great job in in central China. Unexpectedly, in the Battle of Jinguanqiao alone, the 106th Division lost more than half, forcing the old Japanese to curse : A group of "social animals" cannot fight at all! And this Chinese army that allowed Okamura Yanji to break through the defense was the 19th Division of the Hunan Army, and the division commander was named Li Jue.
Hunan Army general Li Jue
1, Baoding Military Academy history of group
Reading Li Jue's life experience is actually quite similar to Jin Yong written by Guo Jing . In 1900, he was born in Changsha, Hunan. His father died when he was two years old. When he was a child, his family was very poor. He relied on his mother to save money and even supported him to study for several years.
Objectively speaking, Li Jue is not a genius. Although he is diligent, his grades are quite average. Fortunately, his mother's supervision is very effective, and he memorized the articles that need to be remembered repeatedly, which is quite similar to Guo Jing's learning martial arts with the Seven Monsters of Jiangnan. When he was 21 years old, with this agitated spirit, he was admitted to the ninth period of Baoding Military Academy and became classmates with Dong Zhentang and others.
Before Huangpu was founded, Baoding Military Academy was the highest military institution in China. As long as you can pass the exam, even if you are a dropout, (such as Deng Xihou), it is equivalent to a layer of gold. So just after graduation, Li Jue was recalled to Hunan by the first-class senior Tang Shengzhi. The starting rank of is platoon leader . The first lesson Tang Shengzhi taught to his juniors was to put down his airs and get along with the soldiers. Afterwards, it was proved that only Li Jue listened to it.
1925, Li Jue met the second senior, Tang Shengzhi's number one general He Jian. He Jian also graduated from the third phase of Baoding . He took a fancy to the simplicity and progress of this junior brother, married his eldest daughter He Mei, and continued to support this good son-in-law. In , in , He Jian was appointed as the commander of the 1st Division of the Eighth Army, and Li Jue was promoted to regiment commander by level and was later promoted to brigade commander for his merits. When He Jian was appointed as the chairman of Hunan Province, Li Jue also served as the commander of the Changsha Garrison.
Father-in-law has entered politics, but his military career is still there. In 1930, this page of the Central Plains War had just been turned over, and Civil War between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party became the new focus. Li Jue was assigned to the Hunan Army Liu Jianxu , and had been dealing with Peng Dehuai and He Long for several years. By chance, Liu Jianxu was also a senior in the third phase of Baoding. Following him, Li Jue reached the first peak of his life and was promoted to the commander of the 19th Division of the 20th Army of the National Revolutionary Army.
In just ten years, Li Jue has been from a poor student who has been skipping grades continuously and becoming the commander of the main division of the Hunan Army. It has to be said that the golden signboard of Baoding Military Academy is really good.
Li JueHe Mei and his wife
2. The battlefield of Songhu showed their reputation in
1937, the full-scale War of Resistance broke out, and the 19th Division of the Hunan Army was expanded into the 70th Army. Li Jue served as the commander of the army and the commander of the 19th Division, leading his troops to garrison Hangzhou Bay , and is still affiliated with the 10th Army of the old leader Liu Jianxu. It seems that it has been promoted. In fact, the 70th Army only has one division under its jurisdiction, but there are more troops directly under the army, with a total of 10,000 people.
As the scale of the war continued to expand, China and Japan successively increased their troops to Shanghai. The 19th Division was transferred to the battlefield in early October to station in the core area south of Yunzaogang and north of Dachang. However, in the National Army sequence of the Battle of Shanghai, the 19th Division belongs to the third-line troops and is the reserve force of the Tax Police Corps and the 36th Division of the Central Army. There are historical reasons why
is divided into three lines.As early as the Red Army's Long March , Li Jue was punished by Chen Cheng for his poor combat, so he has not been promoted for more than six years. Even though he was reorganized into a theoretical Central Army before the War of Resistance Against Japan, he was still despised from the bottom of his heart. This time he held his breath and must prove to the commander-in-chief to see his strength.
This opportunity will come soon!
Tax Police Corps is an elite sold by Song Ziwen with money. They followed the US military system. They were in the limelight as early as the First Battle of Shanghai, but were then replaced by Chiang Kai-shek and used Huang Jie from the first issue of Huangpu as the leader, changed to the German-Japanese system, and eventually became a four-dimensional one. Even if there is a fierce man like Sun Liren (the commander of the Fourth Regiment), it cannot cover up the overall sluggishness. Because the defense line collapsed too quickly, the 36th Division, which was connected to the defense, was beaten to pieces before it was ready.
Tax Police Corps
The third line instantly became the front line. Li Jue was not panicked, but was a little excited. When will a man resist the insult? He ordered the 109th Regiment of the 55th Brigade, the most forward, to take the initiative to intercept the Japanese army from the front and flanks, and to help friendly forces to rescue the siege. The strong generals have no weak soldiers. The commander of the 109th Regiment, Liu Xiangfu, also has a strong spirit. He held the machine gun, and rushed hard, not only repelling the enemy, but also regained most of the positions.
Maijiazhai, Lion Bridge, Guojia Archway... The defense zone taken by the 19th Division was too big, and Li Jue had to disperse the regiments, guarding one by one, with Japanese planes hovering in the sky and heavy artillery fired underground. The children of Sanxiang could only fight with blood, and no one evacuated from the battle. The 113th Regiment guarding the Guo Family Archway, from the regiment commander to the soldiers holding their positions to the annihilation of the entire army, in more than ten days of flesh-and-blood fighting, the entire 9 Division suffered more than 6,000 casualties. After retreating from Shanghai, they could only barely form a regiment.
However, the heroic and good combat of the Hunan Army men has been widely recognized. Even the commander-in-chief Chen Cheng had to admit that the 19th Division was indeed a well-known unit. The National Government Military Committee rated it as one of the ten best performers in the Battle of Shanghai. In order to commend Li Jue's achievements, the 16th Division and 128th Division, which were also the Hunan Army, were successively merged into the 70th Army, and retreated to Jinhua, Zhejiang to repair it.
Songhu Battle
3. The Battle of Jiujiang Battle
Finally became the serious commander, but Li Jue was really unhappy with his subordinates who were killed and injured, and his troops were too few. Since the main force 16th Division was later transferred out, and the 128th Division fought bloody battles with the Japanese army for seven days and nights in the Battle of Jiashan, and more than half of them were killed or injured, the 70th Army had a total of less than 10,000 people, which was not as good as a division before the war.
is not an easy task to replenish soldiers. According to the dispatch of the Military Commission of the National Government, local military basically recruits soldiers from their original homes, but Hunan soldiers must be given priority for recruitment by the Central Army, and new recruits also need long-term training to be brought to the battlefield, otherwise it will not be a problem at all.
The war did not wait for anyone. Just as the 70th Army was reorganized, North China and Jinzhong fell one after another, and Xuzhou battle also won first and then lost. The next target of the Japanese army was obviously Wuhan, an important city in central China. They planned to encircle north and south. It was at this time that Okamura Yasuji took over the 11th Japanese Army. On the northern line, the First War Zone used a fierce move of explosion of Huayuankou , which hurt the enemy 800 times and hurt one thousand of them, but slightly hindered the Japanese army from the south. Therefore, Jiujiang on the southern line became the last line of defense to defend Wuhan, and the 128th Division was also first to be drawn to participate in the war and joined Jiujiang's offensive and defense first.
In addition to Jiujiang, there is also an Madang Fortress , known as the "Oriental Magino". But we know that anyone called Magino defense line has basically never played a role. The main commander of the 16th Army stationed at Madang , Li Yunheng, made a bizarre mistake. When the war was about to begin, he actually held a graduation ceremony for the Anti-Japanese Military and Political University he held, and pulled all the generals over to eat and drink. The Japanese launched a raid on this day and occupied the Madang fortress within a few days.
Horse is the fortress
Horse is the fall, Jiujiang is in crisis!
The commander-in-chief in charge of Jiujiang City Defense was originally Zhang Fakui, the general of the Northern Expedition of the Northern Expedition , but Lao Zhang made frequent moves, put all the troops on the front line, and lined up around Jiujiang. Unexpectedly, in addition to the 106th Division and the Taiwan Brigade, the Japanese army also had an Marine Corps. After being broken through, all the troops were in danger of being attacked from both sides and left behind, so they had to abandon the city and left. In the end, Jiujiang had fallen in just three days.
In this battle, due to his poor performance, the 128th Division was simply revoked. Now, the 70th Army had only 19th Division left. Li Jue actually became the division commander again. Fortunately, this is his basic base and he is easy to command. He wants to help the Hunanese brothers prove that the Hunanese can fight a good battle.
After Okamura Yanji took Jiujiang, he did not take all the main forces straight to Wuhan, but instead divided the 106th Division to encircle along the Nanxun Railway ( Nanchang -Jiujiang), trying to trap hundreds of thousands of Chinese troops outside Wuhan. On the way, he had to pass through Lushan , and there was a Jinguan Bridge in Lushan, where Li Jue would give the Japanese invaders a heavy blow.
4. Cleverly set up a position to walk the dog and play
19th Division entered the Jiujiang battlefield, and when Zhang Fakui's troops retreated on the whole line, Li Jue once again used the tactics of the Battle of Shanghai, withstood the Japanese avant-garde troops and helped friendly forces withdraw from the siege. The famous Xue Yue who succeeded Zhang Fakui as the commander-in-chief was the famous . With his familiarity with the terrain of Mount Lu, he decided to turn this place into a cemetery for the Japanese army, and Jinguan Bridge was the most important position.
Xue Yue
On July 31, 1938, the 106th Division arrived at the frontier of Jinguan Bridge. The defenders here were the 155th Division of the 64th Army of the Guangdong Army, and the 19th Division of the Hunan Army served as the reserve force. Due to the excessive consumption of Li Hanhun's 64th Army in the Jiujiang offensive and defensive battle, the 155th Division faced the strong enemy with a defeated army, and it was a little overwhelmed after just two days. The 64th Army and the 70th Army were both organized into the 29th Army. As the commander of the army, Li Hanhun ordered the 19th Division and the 155th Division to fall, and the reserve team was changed to the main force.
Xue Yue is also from Guangdong. He acquiesced to this change. In fact, he was a little suspicious of saving his direct line. However, Li Jue didn't mind at all. The 19th Division was not originally a showman, and he had to attend the show in the morning and evening. Moreover, compared with the Guangdong Army, the Hunan Army had a great advantage, Mountain War ! Li Hanhun piled the 155th Division together to defend, which was actually a way to fight in the plains. On the mountain, due to inconvenient movement, a Japanese bomb could kill a single person. How could the casualties not be large?
After the Battle of Songhu, Li Jue seemed to be Guo Jing who integrated the Nine Yin Scriptures again. He played a lot of tricks in various combinations. He divided the position into two, leaving only about 200 people to block the front line, and set up a new main position at a higher position. First, it can increase the elevation angle of Japanese field artillery and mortar to reduce the casualties of gunfire. Second, it can also organize two fire defense lines to form a corner to carry out three-dimensional defense; in addition, it can spread out sporadic squads, go to the flanks to carry out damage every day, and blow up several Japanese cars.
The 106th Division of the Japanese Army is a new division. Simply put, it is controlled by active-duty officers at all levels, and the troops are enriched with new recruits and veterans . There is a problem with such divisions, that is, they rely too much on the commander's battlefield experience. Coincidentally, the division commander Junroro Matsuura is a general with insufficient practical experience. Although Matsuura has the standard resumes of Japanese Army Non-commissioned Officer School and Army University , he is a theoretical school and has not had much command on the front line. He did not resume active service until May 16 and served as the commander of the legion. It is still far from Li Jue, a ruthless man who just came out of the Songhu battlefield.
Matsuura Junroro
The battlefield is the best appraiser, and the commander's ability can be distinguished at the first time. Junroro Matsuura ordered his troops to bombard the frontier positions of Jinguanqiao for a whole day, and found that the main positions of the 19th Division had been transferred, but the frontier positions could not be ignored. When he adjusted to attack in two groups, Li Jue set up a third position in Jiwoling next to him, and smashed the Japanese army with several mortars high above, blowing the 113th Regiment, which was the 106th Division, into blood.
The captain of the regiment, Tanaka, was confused. You didn’t fight like this before, were you replaced? So the corps leader reported to the brigade commander, the brigade commander reported to the division commander, and the division commander reported to Okamura Yasuji. After some investigation, he realized that the Chinese blocker had changed from Li Hanhun to Li Jue, and the war also entered a state of anxiety.
5. The enemy terrified by the Jinguan Bridge
Although there are many positions, they will still be defeated one by one when the opponent adapts. After all, the 19th Division only has a few thousand people and a small amount of heavy firepower, and it is not as good as the 106th Division from troops to equipment. Fortunately, Li Jue has the second largest secret weapon, namely a single combat bunker. This is a digging of the entire mountain into independent pot-style fortifications, which can accommodate one person in and out. When the Japanese shells arrive, the officers and soldiers can just lower their heads and drill in. In order to facilitate transportation, they dug into connected traffic trenches under the bunker.
can be seen. In the later Liberation War and the War of Resistance and Aggression of the United States and Aggression of Korea, the Chinese army used this bunker tactic many times. However, at that time, for the national army who only knew how to fight position wars, this tactic was a rare thing. Even after the war, Okamura Nishi sent engineer experts to conduct on-site investigations, and was amazed at this, which was enough to prove that the Japanese did not know anything about it.
In fact, the "single bunker + traffic trench" was not created by Li Jue, but was taught step by step by step by step by Soviet instructors. Soviet instructors only have the first level of the army, but you, Li Hanhun, have let me 19th Division bear the thunder. Isn’t it too much to give two instructors? Unexpectedly, Li Jue, who has always been honest, also learned to be scheming, but the effect is indeed good!
Under the three-dimensional attack of three positions + countless individual bunkers, the Japanese 106th Division was unable to advance or retreat. Tanaka Holy Road once used mustard gas (poison gas) prohibited by International Convention , causing more than 100 heroes in front-line positions to be killed, but they still could not break through the remaining defense line. Most of the officers and soldiers of the Tanaka corps came from Osaka . These people were once business elites, but they were like crossing mountains. They were almost fighting.
Train trenches
If you want to ask why the 106th Division did not bypass Jinguan Bridge, in fact, the positions built by Xue Yue were divided into the left, center and right, and the 19th Division was in the middle. The remaining two main forces were Ou Zhen's Fourth Army and Li Yutang's Eighth Army (Taishan Army). Neither one is easy to mess with. Behind them, there is a powerful support team, 74 Army, ; the Japanese army attacked the upwards lacked the most important mountain cannons, and the field cannons were insufficient in elevation angle and were not suitable for mountain combat, so they could only waste time. By the time Okamura Yasuji came to the mountain cannon regiment, it was September 14, and the Chinese army had already withdrawn.
From the beginning of the month to the end of the month, the 106th Japanese Division suffered more than 8,000 casualties in the entire Jinguanqiao Battle, more than half of the combat troops. Given that there were too many new recruits, the Japanese commander had to go to the line of fire in person, which directly led to a large number of casualties in military , and lost two regiment captains and five squadron leaders. The squad leader of this level was almost half, which could be called a devastating blow, and most of them were led by Li Jue to lead the 19th Division, and he should remember the first merit.
Even if we take the strategy, it is difficult to replicate Li Jue's record, because the Hunan Army was still wearing a summer clothes when going up the mountain, but the temperature difference between morning and evening in Lushan is very easy to suffer from wind and cold. The mosquitoes in the mountains have caused non-combat losses to the Japanese army, not to mention the national army, which is far inferior to the logistics support. According to post-war statistics, there were only 780 19 divisions with a total of several thousand people, and those who had to be fully detained were left. Those who lost their combat power due to illness were even slightly higher than those who lost their combat losses. It can be said that life was exchanged for life and blood was paid for blood!
Okamura Neiji could not admit that his command and intelligence were wrong, nor did he want to praise Li Jue's exquisite tactical configuration, so he had to vent his anger on the 106th Division. The excuse he found was quite innovative, saying that these new recruits had been working slaves who had been "social animals" for many years and had long lost the spirit of soldiers. How could they fight? I am afraid that such a review and summary is unique in the history of war between ancient and modern times, both at home and abroad.
Jinguanqiao blocked Okamura's plan to quickly encircle Nanchang through Lushan. From World War I to "918 ", he commanded so many troops, but he was very resentful of the 106th Division and originally planned to abandon it from now on. As a result, the other two divisions (27, 101) were successively trapped in a siege, and could only let this ineffective one get people.He added 2,700 new recruits and a mountain artillery corps to the 106th Division. Including the minor wounded, he barely gathered 12,000 people, and brought the military staff and guides, hoping to win some excitement.
However, Junroro Matsuura was tortured by Li Jue and could go 20 miles with a map and a guide. The magnetic field in the mountains also made the original method of compass invalid, and saving people instead brought himself into it. The 106th Division finally fell into Xue Yue's pocket formation and was surrounded and annihilated in Wanjialing. A total of only 1,000 people were run away, becoming the only Japanese division invading China that was almost wiped out. Although this was the credit of the 74th Army, the 19th Division should not be forgotten, but the predecessors planted trees and later took advantage of the shade. After the Battle of Jinguanqiao, Li Jue led his troops to participate in key battles such as the Nanchang Battle, , Zhejiang-Jiangxi Battle, , and Shanggao Battle. He traveled across the Nine War Zone for many years and was finally promoted to commander of the 25th Army and commander of the 19th Army, showing the prestige of the Hunan Army. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he was transferred out of his troops to join the ranks of the generals of the National Army, and was actually deprived of military power. In the late period of the Liberation War, He Jian saw that the Kuomintang was in a desperate situation and transferred his family to Taiwan via Hong Kong. Li Jue did not follow his father-in-law's footsteps, but stayed in Hunan. He repeatedly lobbled between Tang Shengzhi, Cheng Qian , and Chen Mingren , and finally instigated the peaceful liberation of Changsha. In 1987, Li Jue, a famous Hunan Army general, died of illness in Beijing at the age of 87.
