text | Mo Shang Luosang
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In 1975, in the Gongdelin Prison in Beijing, 13 people received the amnesty order from our country. Faced with the sudden amnesty, these people instantly burst into tears and were moved. He even cheered loudly: "Long live Chairman Mao!"
As the last amnesty in 1975, it was also the seventh amnesty carried out by our party since 1959, and it was the largest amnesty in history.
Our party has always adhered to the principle of "treating war criminals well", that is, as long as war criminals admit their mistakes with a good attitude, correct bad ideas, and actively participate in the transformation, they will be given the opportunity to reform and choose to release them to return to society.
This move was extremely normal, but why did everyone puzzle this time? And why did they have to pardon these 13 people? Who exactly do these 13 people have?
This starts with the second meeting of the Standing Committee of the Fourth National People's Congress on March 17, 1975. Hua Guofeng, who was the Minister of Public Security at the time, explained the amnesty of war criminals at the meeting: "There are currently 293 war criminals in custody, of which 290 are the Kuomintang war criminals."
Then, the central government gave specific work instructions and published them in the " People's Daily " on March 19:
"For all war criminals in custody released this time, each of them is given citizenship. Those with work ability, arrange appropriate work, and are sick. The same as our cadres, they enjoy public medical care. Those who are incapable of working are willing to return to Taiwan, and those who are willing to return to Taiwan are welcome to welcome them. When they are released, they are given new clothes and 100 yuan pocket money. They are concentrated in Beijing for a farewell party, and the leaders of the Party and the state will receive and have a banquet, and then organize them to visit and study. "The information quotes "Century"
It is particularly worth mentioning here: 13 war criminals, and the Ministry of Public Security's special note to them is: does not meet the amnesty of the persons .
In this regard, the Ministry of Public Security believes that these 13 war criminals should continue to be detained and then make a decision based on their performance in the future. After all, after our party's careful teaching, these 13 generals of the National Army still had "unlike" and refused to admit their mistakes. Some of them even caused considerable blows to the construction of our party.
However, the great man made unexpected instructions, which caused a great sensation at the time. It has caused a huge response in Taiwan and is called the "shock wave of the Communist Party of China's united front." Later, when I looked at the great man's actions, I was quite clever.
Why do we have to pardon these 13 people?
1949, with the smooth progress of our army on the battlefield, the Kuomintang troops were defeated on the front battlefield, and many Kuomintangs would become prisoners of our army.
Although the two sides have formed a lot of hatred because of war in history, the Chinese nationals, based on the principle of tolerance and generosity, gave prisoners an opportunity to learn from their mistakes, and immediately made a wise decision: after the war, they would maximize preferential treatment for those who had made great contributions to the anti-Japanese battlefield. Since these generals were once famous anti-Japanese generals in China, these personnel attracted much attention in the transformation.
Among them, several of them were even "fool loyalty" of Chiang Kai-shek. These people became extremely stubborn in the subsequent transformation, and some generals of the National Army even reported some unrealistic "fantasy" during the transformation.
One of them showed that it was particularly obvious. He was Du Chaoqun, who was detained in the famous Qincheng Prison at that time. Qincheng Prison is famous for detaining senior officials, celebrities from all walks of life, and major criminals. This shows that the identity of the person before being captured is destined to be extraordinary.
Du Chaoqun is a member of the loyal subordinate trained by Chiang Kai-shek himself. He works in the least likable department of the Kuomintang - Zhongtong . Zhongtong is a notorious spy agency, which has detested the Chinese Communists.
Du Chaoqun, who was a spy, was still firm in his attitude until he was released from pardon and vowed to follow the Kuomintang to the death.
, one of the loyalists is - Huangwei .
Who is Huang Wei? Why is it attracting much attention?
Huang Wei, once a graduate of the first phase of Huangpu , was a classmate of the class with Chen Geng and other important leaders of our party for a period of time. Afterwards, the contradictions between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party intensified and the cooperation between the two sides failed. Chen Geng joined the Communist Party of China, and Huang Wei chose to follow Chiang Kai-shek, showing outstanding results in the battle, becoming his right arm, especially in the Battle of Songhu, , and became famous in one battle.
However, he showed that he was unrealized in his ideological transformation and was unwilling to cooperate with the work of our party. Until, during his serious illness, our party insisted on treating him to recover at all costs. Such tolerant and large-scale actions influenced him. In the end, he actively cooperated and bowed his head to admit his mistake, and was finally released by pardon!
In addition to this, there is an unknown "character", which is Zhou Yanghao .
Zhou Yanghao
At that time, he had the title of "one of the Three Musketeers of the Military Control Commission " and was a military commander under Mao Renfeng.
When he retreated in the Southwest in 1949, he served as deputy district mayor of the Southwest Special Zone of the Bureau of Secrets, launched indiscriminate crimes such as major destruction in Chongqing and other places, and committed tragic killings of many patriotic and progressive people, including patriotic general Yang Hucheng General.
He was carrying such a heavy blood debt, and he should have been one of the most unforgivable spies. But he is on the list of amnesty for this time.
and war criminals of the National Army, such as the Director of the General Affairs Office of the Military Affairs Bureau of the National Army, Shen Zui . This name seems quite strange to the present. However, in the National Army at that time, he was a "famous" figure.
In addition, there are Lieutenant Colonel Staff Officer Li Qing, the 72nd Army of the Kuomintang, and so on.
. Most of the 13 war criminals who were pardoned this time are like this. They had committed various crimes before, and they did not actively accept transformation later. In this way, they should continue to be detained, and the public security department has also made preparations for them to continue detention.
Of course, in addition to these 13 stubborn people, there are many senior generals of the National Army who have high ideological awareness, such as those who were once famous anti-Japanese generals of the National Army - Du Yuming and others. They were actively undergoing transformation, so they had returned to normal life in the previous few amnesties.
Since these 13 people do not meet the amnesty standards, why do you still release
1975. Chairman Mao, who was 82 years old, still maintained an extremely clear mind despite his physical inconvenience. The war criminals who were detained were very clear, so after listening to the report, the great man waved his hand: Let it go, it’s not good for us to force others to reform. Although everyone was extremely surprised by this, they had no objection. Because they firmly believe that the great man's actions must have a deeper intention. What is the deep purpose of
?
First, these stubborn elements have been transformed here for nearly 20 years and continue to transform, but the results are minimal. Instead of doing this, it is better to release them and let them transform through folk ideas. If they go astray, they may bring unexpected results.
Secondly, in the environment at that time, after these prisoners were released. The corresponding travel expenses were also provided for these personnel, which shows how much preferential treatment our party has for these people. However, during the release process, because there are still many stubborn elements, these personnel immediately tried every means to fight for their return to Taiwan after they were released.
. In the eyes of Taiwan at that time, their actions were once suspected of being "spy" after persuading and educating the Communist Party, so they were deeply blocked by Taiwan during their return to Taiwan.
is the reason why these former diehards felt extremely disappointed with the Kuomintang.
Taiwan's cold-blooded move made the stubborn elements who were originally unwilling to accept transformation, but because of the special treatment of the Kuomintang, they began to accept our country's ideas. After that, some of these generals went to the United States, Hong Kong and other places. At the same time, some of them chose to stay in China.
Third, the great man wanted to ease relations with Taiwan by releasing the former generals of the National Army. Given that their relatives are all in Taiwan, releasing them back to Taiwan to reunite with their families, this will help us take the initiative to repair our relationship with Taiwan and help cross-strait reunification.
After all, the idea of Taiwan returning to China is the wish of everyone. Therefore, our country chose to release all of these generals. At the same time, all of these people are Chinese and have the same ancestor as China.
From these we can see the great man's vision of this matter, and this approach appropriately shows the Chinese government's lenient sentiment to the world, and at the same time, solving the stubborn problems of these generals can be said to have three goals in one fell swoop.
0 Where should the people’s sinners who were pardoned go in the end?
For these former "generals", how did they transform from a "sinner" of the people into a qualified ordinary person?
First of all, these national army war criminals were captured by our army on the battlefield where they confronted our army or on the way to escape. There is no doubt that these people became the "sinners" of the people because they stood opposite to the Chinese people and did not work together with the Chinese people.
Therefore, after being captured by our party, these people naturally became important targets of our party's handling, and our party has always adhered to "treat war criminals well" and is committed to transforming them into their own friends.
Because, in the eyes of our party, although they have committed many crimes, these people have also done many things that have made contributions to China. For example, in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, they all united in the same hatred of the enemy, bravely killed the enemy, and served the country's peace.
Therefore, our country has adopted the most magnanimous sentiment towards all personnel, and from then on, these people's "sinners" began their transformation life in the management office. However, as a former "general", he will definitely not easily accept the transformation.
Therefore, our party has made great efforts in the transformation. Just like, in the reformed place of war criminals, the staff ate coarse grains from big pot rice on the food, while the prisoners ate small stoves and fine grains.
can be seen from the perspective of food. Our party has given great benefits to these "generals" in the transformation, and even in other subsidies, it also has great preferential treatment for these personnel. During the transformation process, if we encounter people with good attitude, correct reactionary thoughts and actively accept labor reform, our party chooses to encourage these personnel. Even when these personnel are released from pardon, they will give these people a living allowance of 180 yuan a year. Such actions of
were fully evident for my country's per capita annual income at that time, which was just 150 yuan. It can be seen that our party was magnanimous.
In addition to this, what is even more tempting is the performance of Chinese volunteer army on the Korean battlefield. When the United States invaded North Korea and asked China to send troops, these former generals of the national army were making some small plans in their minds.
However, what surprised these stubborn elements was that China actually sent troops. Immediately afterwards, the news of the victory of the volunteer army was passed back to the country and reached the ears of these people, which made these generals of the reactionary Kuomintang begin to waver.
Because the Kuomintang generals were still very "unwilling to give up" at that time, some people even wanted to set up another formation, especially Huang Wei was particularly serious at that time. What incredible is that the United States, which had strong strength at that time, was retreating step by step. Among them, Du Yuming was the most calmer one, because he knew very well: the advanced level of the US military. Therefore, is deeply shocked by China's successive good news . Gradually, their hearts want to actively accept transformation and welcome a new society.
Under this series of new things and the influence of our party, these people eventually began to go from "the sinners of the Chinese people" to the upright Chinese people of our country. At the same time, in the subsequent life, these people made many contributions to our party.
And behind all this is also because the wise decision of the people and great men of our country has completely changed the "people's sinner"!
At the same time, the move of pardoning and releasing war criminals not only reflects our party’s broad mind, but also reflects the party’s wise decision. Most importantly, this move not only increases our country’s international influence, but also once again confirms that the great man’s decision was really clever!
As the great man said back then: "If you release the prisoners well, the Kuomintang is very afraid!" It can be said that Chairman Mao is really far-sighted.
When our country preferential treatment and amnesty for war criminals, it fully reflects the image of a great country full of love, and has shed warmth in all parts of China. Chairman Mao also infected generations through his wise decision-making and Kuoda's mind, and further reflects: Without the Communist Party, there would be no new China!
is here, I have to say that the great man’s decision is really clever!
