text/ Cao Liya
October 24 this year marks the 100th anniversary of the birth of the martyrs Mao'anying. To commemorate his short and glorious life, my heart was once again baptized by the spirit of a true Communist Party member. At the same time, I also want to tell young friends the stories I know on this special day that is coming.
I was born after the founding of New China . Two years before my birth, the brave Chinese People's Liberation Army embarked on the battlefield of resisting U.S. aggressing and aiding Korea with pride and courage. Mao Anying was the first volunteer soldiers to enter North Korea. died bravely on the Korean battlefield just over a month later. The scenes told by Wei Wei in the famous reportage of "Host the Cuteest Man " give people a profound shock, making us moved and inspired by the brave and fearless spirit of the Volunteer Army since childhood. Martyrs Mao Anying are our role models. When I grew up, I gradually realized my family background. My mother's memories made me know the miserable childhood and friendship between her and Uncle An Ying.
My mother Mao Yuanzhi is the daughter of martyr Mao Zemin and Chairman Mao’s only niece. She and An Ying’s uncle were both born in Changsha Xiangya Hospital in 1922. My mother was born on May 5, a few months older than Uncle Anying. In the early days of the founding of the Party, Chairman Mao and his eldest brother were busy with the revolution day and night, and the sky was separated. It was rare for the younger brothers to get together. According to her mother's recollection, it was during the Spring Festival in 1925 that the chairman and his wife Yang Kaihui and his younger brother Mao Zemin returned to Shaoshan to carry out the peasant movement, and the two little babies were able to meet each other. An Ying played with her sister like a little tail. When the adults have free time, they will pick up one with one hand and put it on their legs and tell them stories.
The in full swing peasant movement scared the warlords and landlords, and secretly issued a wanted order to capture the Communist Party’s chief criminal. The two brothers of the Mao family had to leave Shaoshan quickly, and the two children also hid with their respective mothers. After the failure of Revolution in 1927, the Kuomintang and warlords massacred Communist Party members and revolutionary masses, and Mao Zedong and his family were the targets of arrest. Although the siblings are not together, their living conditions in their miserable childhood were very similar. The younger brother was arrested and imprisoned with his mother Yang Kaihui at the age of 8, and witnessed his mother being taken away and shot to death (in times of crisis, thanks to the rescue of Uncle Zemin, he was able to escape from Changsha and enter Shanghai Datong Kindergarten) ; when his sister was 47 years old, she also followed the revolutionary mother Prince Shulan to go to jail and witnessed the blood and cruelty of the enemy with her own eyes. My younger brother lived a wandering life in Shanghai in his 10s, working, selling newspapers and begging for food; my older sister also wanted to eat in Hunan, and at the age of 9, she had to work at a rich farmer's house, washing clothes, cooking, and feeding pigs. The same suffering experience has honed their will, taught them love and hate, cultivated their deep feelings with the working people, and laid a solid foundation for them to grow into true revolutionaries.
Zhou Enlai, Deng Yingchao, Mao Anying and Mao Anying in the Soviet Union
1936, An Ying was sent to the Soviet Union by the party organization. He finally got rid of his suffering and began to study and live in the Ivanovo International Children's Home; my mother was also sent to Yan'an by the party organization in early 1938 and came to study and work with the chairman uncle. Unfortunately, she never saw her father until her father was killed by warlords in Xinjiang in 1943. The siblings, one lost his mother since childhood, and the other bid farewell to his father before he could remember it. One received the care and care of Uncle Zemin in the most difficult times; the other was caring and education like the father of the Chairman when he was alone in Yan'an.
Mao Zedong and Mao Anying
When the siblings met again, it was already the autumn of 1946, when they were 24 years old. My younger brother An Ying returned to China at the end of the previous year. He lived in the Soviet Union for nearly 10 years, studied culture and military, experienced the baptism and test of the Soviet Patriotic War, and grew into a young military officer.After returning to China, the Chairman's father was very happy, but soon sent him to China's "Labor University", learning farming from old farmers, participating in rural land reform , and making up for the lessons of Chinese society and Chinese revolution in his knowledge system. As for his sister Yuanzhi, due to the limitations of conditions, she only studied in Yan'an Baoyu Primary School for one and a half years. She had just finished the first five years of primary school courses and graduated early and went to work at the Second Bureau of the Central Military Commission. Although my sister's knowledge is far less than that of her younger brother, her hard work in studying and working is not inferior to her younger brother, and she is already a probationary member of the Communist Party of China at the age of 16.
The re-meeting of the siblings occurred at the location of the Party Central Committee of Xibaipo, Hebei, and it was very accidental. That day, her sister's son who was fostered by her fellow villager's house fell seriously ill, and she rushed from the station to see the child. When I passed by Xibaipo , I was seen by Mrs. Zhu De Kang Keqing. Kang's mother called her and said, "Yuanzhi, your younger brother Anying is back!"
Sister Yuanzhi and Anying's younger brother were separated since childhood and had not seen each other for many years. If Kang's mother hadn't greeted her in time, the siblings would have passed by. The brother and brother were unspeakable to be happy during this unexpected encounter.
"Where are you going? Dad was asking about you a few days ago!" Anying asked while walking.
When he learned that his sister's son Zhiwei was seriously ill and there were more than ten miles ahead, he quickly urged his sister to leave quickly and told him to send him a message when he needed help.
When my sister rushed to her fellow villager's house, the child was already dying due to acute dysentery. There was no medical treatment or medicine in the village. She was so anxious that she was at a loss. She quickly asked someone to send a message to An Ying and asked him to come and help. Not long after, Anying arrived on a horse. He asked his sister to ride on a horse, hold the child, and lead the horse's reins, and sent the mother and son to Xibaipo Central Hospital. After emergency treatment from the doctor, the child finally turned into danger.
Decades later, in order to thank Uncle Ni Ying for his life-saving grace, my brother Zhiwei knelt in front of Uncle Ni Ying's tomb in accordance with Chinese traditional customs when he was visiting the tomb of the Volunteer Army Martyrs Cemetery in Huicang County, North Korea. He knew his siblings and sisters well, so he specially brought back a small bag of soil from the cemetery and scattered it in front of his mother's grave. Of course, this is all a story.
My mother told me that after the child's condition stabilized, the siblings talked in Anying's house. Seeing that An Ying had so many books and listening to him talk about many experiences of studying in the Soviet Union that he didn't know, my mother was both envious and admired. At that time, An Ying had not returned to China for a long time and did not have a deep understanding of the Communist Party of China and the leaders of the Party. As a child of the Mao family, the mother is more familiar with the thoughts and requirements for her children, and better understands the chairman's leadership style. Therefore, she reminded An Ying that China is different from the Soviet Union, and Mao Zedong is different from Stalin. We must keep in mind the Chairman’s request for his children: “No matter where you go, you must talk about unity with the comrades there and the people; no matter where you work, you must serve the people wholeheartedly, and don’t want others to applaud; no matter where you go, don’t use the banner of family, rely on yourself, the masses, and the organization, and don’t have any special things.” My sister’s words made An Ying better understand her father’s good intentions in training herself. The mutual encouragement between the siblings also turned into the code of conduct they always adhere to: work hard and study to bring glory to the Mao family; be a low-key person and never make any special decisions.
Mao Zedong, Mao Anying, Liu Siqi, and Li Na were in Xibaipo
1949, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China entered Beiping , An Ying learned from his father that Yuanzhi's sister and brother-in-law had gone south with the Fourth Field Army, but they didn't know which army they were in. He was eager to share the joy of the founding of New China with his sister, so he asked Commander Lin Biao to send a letter to his sister. The letter was quickly transferred from the Fourth Field Command to Nanchang . Judging from the time of signature, An Ying's letter was written on the second day of Chairman Mao's birthday. It should be the moment when the whole family gathered together on Chairman Mao's first birthday after the founding of New China.
One day in early 1950, my mother, who was working in Jiangxi, unexpectedly received this letter from her family.On the last page of the letter, An Ying wrote:
... (Previously missing) Do you know that they are all gathered together? They have never seen you! Mother Jiang also talked about you, but she didn't know your address, so she asked me to ask for help.
New Year is coming soon, I wish you a smooth New Year, good health and a happy spirit! Hold your hands tightly and greet your husband.
Anying
December 27, 1949
In the lower left corner of the letter paper, Anying added another line of words:
Just found out that you have gone to Hankou . Whether this letter can be obtained from you is still slim.
This incomplete letter of home was discovered in the relics of our mother. Although the letter is not complete, An Ying's mood of missing her sister even more is already vividly reflected on the paper when the whole family gathers and celebrates victory. Later, he said to my mother more than once: "You have no father, I have no mother, we all came from suffering and wandering, so we are very close and very telling."
In the spring of 1950, my mother came to Beijing from Nanchang to treat her illness and lived in Beijing Hospital with Uncle An Qing. Anying has visited them several times in the hospital. An Ying likes to explore political issues and study dialectics. Whenever he talks about political opinions, my mother always listens attentively and nods constantly, thinking that he is very thorough and insightful in his talk.
However, not long after, the Korean War initiated by the US imperialists ruthlessly interrupted the intimate relationship between siblings, and soon separated them from the yin and yang worlds and could never meet again.
After hearing the news of my brother's sacrifice, my mother was extremely sad and said:
"An Ying is the most promising one in our Mao family!"
"How sad is Uncle An Ying's sacrifice, and Uncle can only hurt in his heart!"
and above all happened before I was born. It all comes from my mother's story.
Later, I saw and heard a lot of memories about Anying. But what impressed us the most and touched our inner emotions was the two personal experiences of our brother and sister.
That year, while searching for martyrs Mao Zemin, we brothers and sisters found two resumes written by Mao Anying and Mao Anying in 1940 in the Russian State Archives.
Mr.After the personal resume filled in by Mao Anying (Yongfu)
Mr.After the personal resume filled in by Mao Anying, he wrote in the column [Whether to be arrested]: "After the Red Army quit Changsha in 1930, my mother and I were arrested in the countryside of Changsha. Later, my mother was shot and I was released." In the column [Experience], it was written: "In Shanghai, I was a listener from the age of nine to 12-13 (sweeping the floor, turning the spittoon, etc.). His brother Mao Anying wrote in his resume: "In 1930, my brother Mao Anying and his mother Yang Kaihui were arrested in the countryside of Changsha. Because my mother was Mao Zedong's wife, my brother was released soon and his mother was shot by He Jian." When answering [What to live on], he wrote: "I was a primary school student in China for a year, and then went to Shanghai to make a pee mountain on the street (author's note: it should be the mistake of Shanghai dialect little slut). The person who raised us was the party (the Communist Party). Although it was just a few words, that painful life was deeply engraved in their young hearts.
In Russia, we also visited the Ivanovo International Children's Home in the former Soviet Union. An old teacher told us with deep affectionately about the study and life of the Mao Anying brothers back then.
The pillow used by Mao Anying in the Ivanovo International Children's Hospital in the Soviet Union
She carefully took the pillow used by An Ying from the locked glass cabinet, vividly describing how An Ying covered her pillows back then, and secretly listened to the ore radio at night... The historical scenes, the relics of relatives, and the real stories immediately led me into Uncle Anying's life, as if I felt his soul pulsation.
In May 2006, I had the honor to join the senior military delegation and went to Korea to visit the graves of the volunteer army martyrs as a relative of Mao Anying. We first paid homage to the Friendship Tower , which symbolizes the fighting friendship between the peoples of China and North Korea. In the exhibition room at the bottom of the tower, collection contains two rosters of volunteer army martyrs, and Mao Anying's name is also included. We and the older generation are circulating the list of heroes written with sincerity and life.
In the friendship tower of the Sino-Korean people Collection of Hi martyrs
Accompanied by Chinese and Korean officials, the delegation came to Huicang Volunteer Army Martyrs Cemetery to pay tribute.
Relatives took a photo in front of the tomb of the Mao Anying Martyrs. The first on the right in the front row was the author
Relatives laid wreaths in front of the tomb of the Mao Anying Martyrs, bowed silently, and scattered wine to surround them. Siqi, Xinyu and Zhiwei recited the tribute separately. Among them, the most touching tribute from Siqi's aunt was the most touching, and everyone present burst into tears. Because she mentioned the Chairman's father's longing for his beloved son Anying many times.
"An Ying, when I first came to visit you in 1959, my father asked me to say hello to you on his behalf. Dad asked me to tell you that he misses you, he loves you, but he can't come to see you."
"After you left, my father was so sad, he missed you until the end of his life."
When I heard her dictate these little-known family affairs, I couldn't help but cry anymore. Chairman Mao sacrificed his beloved wife, younger brother, younger sister and nephew for the Chinese revolution. After suffering, An Ying finally grew up and returned to him, but in order to resist the U.S. aid Korea and defend his country, he resolutely supported his son to take the lead in going to the front line. As a result, blood was sprinkled on the battlefield in just one month. As the commander of the army, he knew that war was ruthless; but as the leader of the party and the country, he had to take the lead in doing so. The reason is "who made him Mao Zedong's son."
Mao Zedong and Mao Anying in Xiangshan Shuangqing Villa
"Who made him Mao Zedong's son". In just one sentence, 10 words, its spirit, character, and style are better than a thousand words. Founding general Huang Kecheng once had a deafening speech praising the great leader Chairman Mao, which said: "When Chairman Mao sent his son to the battlefield, all of us soldiers who followed the Chairman for the rest of our lives were privately admired and felt that we were lucky in our lives. A leader sets an example for the sake of the country and nation and the people's health. What else can we say besides respecting and defending our lives!"
Premier Zhou Enlai is familiar with Mao Anying. He commented on An Ying: "He has endured hardships, studied, fought wars, and was trained in the countryside and factories. Among the young people of the same age as Mao Anying, there are not many people who have received a good education and a variety of training like him."
As the eldest son of Chairman Mao Zedong, An Ying has the rare experience and capital that Premier Zhou said to be proud of. Why doesn't he have the aura of a young man or the problem of a playboy? Because he was the son of the real revolutionary Mao Zedong, because he was immersed in his mother's revolutionary belief since he was a child. He worked piously and enthusiastically towards that goal that was full of faith. That goal is to be Mao Zedong's qualified son!
Before going to North Korea, Mao Anying asked his father this question. Chairman Mao said, "When you come back, Dad will give you an answer." Unexpectedly, An Ying never returned after leaving.
After An Ying's sacrifice for many years, Siqi asked the Chairman: "Is An Ying qualified to be your son?"
Chairman Mao said: "Quality, he is my pride!"
Yes, Mao Anying used his young and short life to prove that he deserves the people of the motherland and the son of Mao Zedong!
In 2009, Mao Anying was selected as "100 Chinese figures since the founding of New China ".
In 2019, Mao Anying won the honorary title of "The Most Beautiful Struggler".
Uncle Anying, we are proud of you! You will always be a good role model for us to learn from!
In 1963, Mao Zedong took a photo with his family on his 70th birthday
Second row from left: Cao Quanfu, Mao Yuanzhi, Wang Hairong, Mao Zedong, Li Min, Kong Linghua
Front row girl is the author of this article Cao Liya
from: red idiom2
