(Correspondent Zhang Demin)
Zhang Shuyi Photo
Zhang Shuyi (1914-1996.6), female, from Duanjialing Town, Sanhe City. He has served as deputy director of the International Liaison Department of the All-China Women's Federation, secretary-general of the National Committee on the Defense of Children of China, and member of the Third and Fifth Committees of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
——The descendant of the scholarly family has been long
Zhang Shuyi’s grandfather Zhang Shouzhi is a martial artist. His father Zhang Qinshi (Zhang Zhixin) was admitted to the Peking Taxation College in 1911. Because he participated in Christianity, he gave up the "golden rice bowl" of customs without authorization. After graduation, he went to the Peking Youth League as a student department officer. At that time, his monthly salary was less than half of that of the customs. His father was furious when he heard this, so he immediately asked Zhang Qinshi to bring his wife and daughter to , Peking , and set up a new door. At that time, Zhang Shuyi was already 3 years old. After arriving in Peking with her parents, she was sent to a kindergarten run by the Christian Congregational Church. She was greeted by a smiling, amiable teacher and a group of lively and cute children. Later, she was admitted to elementary school, middle school and university.
Father Zhang Qinshi is an intellectual who has been educated across the century. He has received national traditions and has been influenced by Western civilization and baptism of Christianity. He sent his wife to the Congregational Women's Convent to learn literacy and named her " King Resurrection ".
Before Zhang Shuyi was 3 years old, she was not valued at her grandparents' house. After moving to Peking, she was favored by her parents. Her parents praised her for her love to read progressive books and magazines. Such as " New Youth " magazine, Lu Xun's article, etc. He loves to study, cares about national affairs, and listens to student seminars held by his father at home, and discusses with his colleagues about reforming the church, welcoming the Northern Expedition, fighting the great powers, and patriotic and saving the people. All of this left a deep impression on the young Zhang Shuyi. After his father passed away, young people still came to his home to gather. His mother still protected the students blacklisted by reactionary authorities from arrest like his father was alive, and sympathized with the young people who supported the patriotic salvation of the nation.
- The premiere of patriotism
In the autumn of 1926, 12-year-old Zhang Shuyi studied at Peking Yiwen Middle School. On March 18 of the following year, she accompanied all teachers and students in the school to protest at Tiananmen, and petitioned at the Duan Qirui government to oppose the signing of the traitorous treaty. Although she was small, she rushed to the front, facing the soldiers holding guns, waiting for the arrival of the negotiators. At this time, Duan Qirui's minions fired at the unarmed student. Zhang Shuyi was squeezed into the crowd by the parade and finally climbed out. After examination by Red Cross ambulance personnel, she was not injured. But the seeds of hatred were planted in his young heart. When she returned home, her parents did not blame her, but praised her for her courage and success. During the winter vacation that year, the principal of Yiwen Middle School and comrades such as Li Dazhao were killed by reactionary warlords. The school was forced to close, so Zhang Shuyi had to apply for Beiman Girls' Middle School as a transfer student until she graduated from high school in 1931.
During the study of Beiman Girls' Middle School, Zhang Shuyi and her classmate Gao Junchun participated in the "Go to the People" activity organized by the "Hebei Provincial Christian Student Group Federation" (the Hebei Federation was established). They went to rural areas near Tongxian to promote "fight to the great powers, fight against Japan and save the country" and health knowledge in easy-to-understand language, and performed songs and dances, which were warmly welcomed by the masses.
1931, Zhang Shuyi was admitted to Yenjing University . Later, because her father was hospitalized due to illness, she was forced to take a year off for school. In June 1932, her father passed away and she only entered Yenching University to study in September. Because her family was financially struggling, she had to rely on half-work and half-study studies and scholarships to maintain her studies. In order to save expenses, she lives in the home of her father's friend Professor Xu Baoqian. That year, Sun Huaxin (Sun Huanran), a student from the School of Religious Chemistry, often went to Professor Xu's house to talk about current affairs. After his inspiration and introduction, Zhang Shuyi participated in some activities of the Marxist-Leninist reading club and anti-imperialist alliance, social alliance and other organizations. In 1933, she went to Shanghai to attend the founding conference of the National Christian Education Federation. After listening to the speeches of well-known religious figures, Wu Yaozong and the leaders of the campus association, she went deep into the workers' residential area, visited nearby factories and night school for women's workers, and experienced the tragic life and active study spirit of women's workers, which further stimulated her revolutionary enthusiasm. In 1934, Zhang Shuyi participated in the preparations for the Hebei Liansu Summer Camp.She asked well-known figures Deng Yuzhi to give a speech on female workers' questions, and asked Zhang Dehou, general of the Northeast Volunteer Army, to talk about the heroic achievements of the anti-Japanese war. She was praised by the students attending the meeting and recommended her as the Chairman of the Hebei Federation.
—See true feelings in times of crisis
Zhang Shuyi relies on the progressive backbone of Hebei League to edit the "Grape Frame" newsletter, held "Disa Relief Performances", regular current affairs seminars and other activities to promote progressive ideas, and unite a large number of pure patriotic young people. In October 1935, Zhang Dehou went to Yenching University to find Zhang Shuyi in the name of Northeastern University and told her that the party organization had studied and agreed to develop her as a Communist Party member. He immediately agreed with her to join Dong Xueli, and the two of them were introduced. The oath ceremony of joining the party was held according to regulations. Zhang Shuyi became a new party member of Yanda before the "January 29" movement.
In 1935, as the chairman of the Hebei League, Zhang Shuyi actively participated in the "January 29th" anti-Japanese and national salvation movement. In September 1941, Zhang Shuyi and Yan University alumnus Gong Pusheng (at the time officer of the Shanghai Women's Youth Association and served as my country's ambassador to Ireland after liberation) went to the United States together. During his study in the United States, Zhang Shuyi met Xu Yongying, Secretary of the Chinese Affairs Bureau of the United States. He is the first group of Communist Party members among the Tsinghua students. He was wanted three times by domestic reactionary authorities in the United States, and was cancelled from official fees for studying abroad and returning to Sichuan. He served as secretary of the Chinese Affairs Bureau of the United States for many years, which was in the face of the US economic crisis. Under extremely poor conditions, Xu Yongying still insisted on revolutionary activities. Zhang Shuyi and him had like-mindedness and were in love. In September 1942, the two became revolutionary partners.
Zhang Shuyi was in the first two years of the United States and focused on school education. The major courses need to be deepened based on the four-year university in the country. There are also specific subjects that have not been learned in the past. Such as "propaganda and reporting principles", "the art of 'listening' in research", "children have different rankings and different personalities at home", "mental hygiene", etc. At graduation, she obtained her Masters in Social Sciences.
——Dedicate its efforts to build a country
1945, Dong Biwu, head of the Communist Party of China delegation, led Zhang Hanfu and Chen Jiakang to the United States to attend the founding of the United Nations. After hearing the news, Xu Yongying and Zhang Shuyi immediately started to prepare for greeting them. She ran around regardless of her pregnancy and asked her friends to find a suitable residence to ensure the safety of our delegation. Xu Yongying assisted in the compilation of the "Yan'an Democratic Construction" manual for distribution to representatives of various countries when the delegation attended the meeting.
In contact with Dong Biwu, Zhang Shuyi expressed his willingness to go to Yan'an to be a nurseryman. Her idea was supported by Dong Biwu. After the meeting ended, shortly after the delegation returned to China, Zhang Shuyi received a telegram from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and travel expenses to China, agreeing to their return home.
After returning to China, Zhang Shuyi was invited to attend the First National Women's Congress and was further educated on Marxism-Leninism. After the meeting, she obeyed the organization's distribution, first went to the nursery, and then transferred to the Women and Children Department of the All-China Women's Federation. Under the leadership of Minister Kang Keqing, she embarked on the women and children's welfare undertaking that she had fought for for her life.
After Zhang Shuyi went to the Women and Children Department of the All-China Women's Federation, he followed the instructions of Minister Kang Keqing and immediately began a comprehensive investigation and research on the welfare of women and children. On this basis, a series of laws and regulations were formulated. At that time, "barefoot doctors" and a variety of nurseries and kindergartens were established like mushrooms after a rain. Under the leadership of Minister Kang Keqing, Zhang Shuyi actively participated in the preparations for the International Conference on Defense of Peace and Children. The meeting was held and resolutions were passed. In the years that followed, Zhang Shuyi made unremitting efforts to implement the resolutions of the meeting. After co-organizing the office of with the Ministry of International Contact, it still insists on friendly exchanges with foreign children's institutions and women's groups, and publicizes my country's care for mothers and children and its achievements in education, health, social welfare, justice and other fields to foreign countries through various channels. During his tenure as Secretary-General of the China Committee for the Protection of Children (hereinafter referred to as the Insurance Committee), he compiled and published 18 issues of the New China Children's Pictures in three languages, including Britain, France, and Russia. It was widely publicized abroad and received praise. After interviews and reporting on the achievements of my country's women and infant work in the country have also played a role in promoting the work.In the 1970s and 1980s, the Insurance Committee, with the approval of its superiors, established organizational contacts with UNICEF and the International Association of Disabled Persons, and sent delegations to visit European, American and Japanese countries. United Nations has sent personnel to our country for inspection many times to exchange experience. UNICEF has held workshops on representatives from various countries in , Qingdao to promote our country's experience, which has played a positive role in promoting the welfare of women and children in our country.
In June 1994, Zhang Shuyi died of illness in Beijing.
