1976, Premier Zhou Enlai left us forever. While sorting out the relics, the staff found a yellowed photo in his underwear pocket.
is Zhou Enlai, Zhang Yunyi and Kong Shiquan in front of it. The back reads: "Laoshan is in danger, only 4 people are left."
From left: Zhang Yunyi, Zhou Enlai, Kong Shiquan
Deng Yingchao said gratefully when recalling this past event: "Friends died for Enlai, we can never forget him."
This time the danger was also the most dangerous and guilty and unforgettable in Zhou Enlai's life. He put the photo on his chest and treasured it for 40 years, which shows his gratitude for this kindness.
What happened in Laoshan? Who made the move? How did you escape?
The deep friendship between Zhou Enlai and Chen Youcai
On December 12, 1936, after the " Xi'an Incident ", Zhou Enlai, Ye Jianying and others personally led a delegation to Xi'an to negotiate with Zhang Xueliang , Yang Hucheng and others, and promoted the second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.
After the formation of the united front of the comprehensive war of resistance, Red Army was renamed the Eighth Route Army, and Eighth Route Army Office was established in Xi'an, Lanzhou, Wuhan and other places. On April 24, the central government decided that Zhou Enlai would lead a delegation to Nanjing to go to Nanjing for discussion.
was originally scheduled to set off on the same day, but because Mao Zedong had something to discuss with Zhou Enlai for a while, he decided that the delegation members would set off on two trucks first. Zhou Enlai took another truck the next day.
Zhou Enlai
At 9 a.m. on April 25, Zhou Enlai, Deputy Chief of Staff of the Red Army Zhang Yunyi, Staff Officer Kong Shiquan and other 25 people set off from Yan'an in a truck. Zhou Enlai sat in the cab, while the rest of the staff were sitting in the rear compartment.
The guard task is the soldier of a reinforced squad of the guard platoon. The captain is Chen Youcai, the deputy captain of Zhou Enlai, and Chen Guoqiao. At that time, many soldiers left Yan'an for the first time and were not very familiar with the guard mission. On the way to
, Chen Youcai kept reminding the soldiers to be vigilant. Suddenly, a soldier asked: "Adminton Chen, your uniform is tied and top hat. Are you learning from Vice Chairman Zhou?"
Chen Youcai smiled and said: "Not exactly, Vice Chairman Zhou's thoughts, morals, spirit, and style are what I want to learn, but today's outfit has this business card..." Chen Youcai kept it aside, which aroused the curiosity of the soldiers, but as for what it was, he kept silent.
Chen Youcai
Chen You was only less than 24 years old at this time and was already an old revolutionary. In February 1928, he followed Zhu De and Chen Yi to participate in the Hunan Uprising and became the Red Army. After meeting in Jinggangshan , he once became one of Chairman Mao’s guards because of his bravery in combat.
In 1933, Chen Youcai became the commander of the communication company at the headquarters of the Red Fourth Army . One morning, Zhou Enlai called Chen Youcai and said, "Have my hair done, it's getting longer." Just after , a "buzzing" sound came from afar.
"Vice Chairman, hurry up and go to the hidden place." Chen Youcai turned his head and shouted loudly, but Zhou Enlai grabbed him : "Hurry, go to the hidden place with me." After said that, he pulled him out and ran out.
After entering the hidden place, Chen Youcai saw that the place was too small and was afraid that Zhou Enlai would be inconvenient to move, so he ran out again. Zhou Enlai pulled him back and blocked himself in the hidden room, leaving him to stay inside. At this time, a bomb fell down, and with a "boom", the house where the haircut just now collapsed.
air defense bunkers during the Anti-Japanese War
Looking at the collapsed house and looking at Zhou Enlai again, 19-year-old Chen Youcai suddenly wiped his tears. Zhou Enlai smiled and said: "Hey, the red ghost is crying!"
After this incident, Chen Youcai and Zhou Enlai formed a deep friendship. During the Red Army's Long March , Zhou Enlai fell ill, and Chen Youcai escorted his stretcher forward.
In February 1936, he took another 150 people to guard Zhou Enlai to the front line of the anti-Japanese war. He encountered the Kuomintang in Yihe Town, Suide . In order to protect Zhou Enlai, he was injured in his leg.
Since then, because of his figure very similar to Zhou Enlai and the two are very familiar with each other, Chen Youcai officially became Zhou Enlai's adjutant and substitute, protecting Zhou Enlai's safety with him.
1936 before Zhou Enlai went to Xi'an. The picture comes from the national memory
1936. When Zhou Enlai discussed anti-Japanese national united front in Xi'an, Chen Youcai was always following him. As soon as he settled in Xi'an, an officer from the Northeast Army suddenly broke into Zhou Enlai's residence with a gun. At that time, Zhou Enlai was reading a book on the bed. Chen Youcai outside the house saw someone breaking in and immediately met him.
The person from
said he wanted to find Mr. Zhou. Chen Youyi felt something was wrong and replied with a clue: "Mr. Zhou just got off the plane and was not feeling well. He went to the hospital." The person from believed it and turned around and left. After investigation, this person was provoked and exploited by the spies to assassinate Zhou Enlai.
Zhou Enlai and Chen Youcai can be said to be friends of life and death. They have both saved each other's lives. Although their positions are different, their relationship is very deep. This time, when you go to Nanjing through Xi'an, it is naturally Chen Youcai's full protection.
Laoshan was in danger, only four people remained
This trip was not far from Yan'an to Xi'an. Although the journey was not far, Chen Youcai still dressed up carefully according to his previous habits. Such preparations eventually saved Zhou Enlai's life, but he killed his own life.
When the truck successfully passed through the Red Army Defense Zone, it entered the Laoshan area. This place is only 50 miles away from Ting'an, but the terrain is undulating and surrounded by mountains and is very dangerous. The car is driving very slowly on the rugged winding highway. What's even more dangerous is that this was once a place where bandits appeared.
The picture comes from the Internet
"Did you hear the sound? What is this sound?" Chen Youcai suddenly asked, and a strange sound in the valley caught his attention.
Guard Liu Jiuzhou replied: "I listened to the sound of a shepherd's whip, and the sound was very similar."
Another guard retorted: "This is a mountain forest, how could anyone shed sheep?"
Chen Youcai listened with his ears, and the more he heard, the more he felt something was wrong. Suddenly his expression changed drastically and said: "No, it's not the sound of a whip." This is an area where bandits are active, and it is almost impossible for fellow villagers to grazle here. "Not good, it should be an enemy attack!" Chen Youcai concluded.
As soon as the speech ended, raindrop-like bullets poured out from the surrounding mountains and forests. Chen Youcai in the car immediately ordered: "Load the bullets and prepare for the battle." Zhou Enlai from the cab also immediately asked the driver to speed up and rush over.
However, the enemy came prepared and prepared for the ambush early. They placed their center of gravity on the cab and the truck's tires, and soon pierced the tires, and the driver was even hit by several bullets and fell into the cab.
picture originated from the Internet
"Get out of the car, spread out, fight back!" Zhou Enlai, who has experienced many battles, was very calm. He opened the car door, jumped down, and immediately ordered the soldiers. After the soldiers got off the car, they immediately used the car body and the valley to organize firepower on site and suppress the attack. When Chen You was about to get off the car, he was suddenly hit in the leg by a bullet, so he had to rely on the carriage to observe the enemy situation.
He found a small hill on the right back of the convoy, without an ambush from the enemy, which was an excellent breakthrough, so he immediately asked Chen Guoqiao to escort Zhou Enlai and others to evacuate first. The situation was critical, and Chen Guoqiao did not hesitate and took his men into the woods.
Zhou Enlai retreated. In order to attract the enemy's attention, Chen Youcai was commanding the troops loudly in his tone while using the help of cars to cover him and attracting the enemy's attack. Seeing that he was calm and dressed very conspicuous, the enemy immediately judged that he was the high-ranking official and most of the firepower greeted him.
Eighth Route Army soldiers fighting oil painting
This won Zhou Enlai a valuable opportunity to evacuate. Chen Guoqiao took Zhou Enlai and retreated all the way to Yan'an, and was constantly attacked by small groups of enemies on the way. Seeing that this was not working, Chen Guoqiao asked Zhou Enlai and others to leave first, and led his men to establish defense step by step to block the enemy.
Zhou Enlai, Zhang Yunyi and Kong Shiquan who broke through the siege retreated all the way with the cover of trees. When they came to a valley for a short rest, they suddenly heard footsteps. Zhou Enlai looked closely and found that it was guard Cao Hongdu. Chen Guoqiao asked him to chase him all the way back and be responsible for Zhou Enlai's safety.
Zhou Enlai asked about his situation on the battlefield. After learning that many soldiers had died, he bowed deeply to the position where the battle had just started, with a solemn expression and silent.
Zhang Yunyi is a Red Army general who has been through the battlefield for a long time. After briefly analyzing the battle just now, he concluded that the enemy attacked was chaotic during the battle. It should not be a regular army, but a nearby bandit. They are very familiar with the terrain and are likely to catch up immediately.
Zhang Yunyi
The situation is critical, and the four of them dare not delay for a moment and continue to retreat immediately. No one dared to walk on the main road, so he had to walk through the dense forest and judge the direction according to the direction of the sun. After more than ten kilometers of trekking, they finally arrived at Sanshilipu Bing Station.
At this point, Zhou Enlai and the other two were finally out of danger. The Red Army officers and soldiers in the military station immediately organized people to send out support and reported to Yan'an. After Chairman Mao was attacked, he immediately ordered Huang Lin to lead the soldiers of the Central Guard Regiment to ride horses to support Zhou Enlai, and ordered that Zhou Enlai be safely escorted back.
Chen Youcai and his comrades won Zhou Enlai precious evacuation time, but he lost the opportunity to escape. They repelled the enemy's attacks again and again, and the soldiers fell one after another, and the enemy also left dozens of corpses.
Chen Youcai was attacked by locust-like bullets in the thin carriage, and the carriage boards were covered with dense bullet holes. He was hit by six bullets one after another, and his unyielding figure fell down, and blood stained the entire carriage red.
picture originated from the Internet
When Zhang Yunyi, Huang Lin and others arrived, the enemy had already scattered, and what they saw was the fallen Red Army soldiers. They checked one by one and found that several soldiers were breathing faintly and were eventually rescued. When they saw Chen Youcai, the soldiers were angry...
After the enemy rushed up, they searched for Zhou Enlai's business card and photo from Chen Youcai. They thought it was Zhou Enlai, and in order to vent their anger, the brutal enemy stabbed Chen Youcai more than 20 times in a row. The blanket he carried with him was full of knife eyes.
Chen Youcai and 11 other soldiers died in this battle after fighting bravely. When Zhou Enlai saw the blanket covered with blood, he couldn't help crying...
cried and said: "Comrade Youcai sacrificed for Enlai, Enlai can't bear it!"
tracked down the murderer, blood debt and blood repayment
After Laoshan was attacked, Zhou Enlai packed up his grief and flew to Xi'an the next day. Later, he took the photo together with Zhang Yunyi and Kong Shiquan at the Xi'an Office of the Eighth Route Army, and kept it until his death.
On April 27, the General Staff of the Red Army held a grand memorial service for comrades Chen Youcai and others who died heroically in Yan'an. The bodies of the martyrs were buried under the Baota Mountain in Yan'an. Chairman Mao and others decided to investigate and punish the murderer severely. Who will track down
? Everyone thought of it at the same time: Xie Ziqun . He is an old Red Army soldier who is directly responsible for the security of our army and has solved many major cases one after another.
Xieziqun
When analyzing the attack,Xieziqun initially judged that there were three possibilities: ① was launched by the Kuomintang pro-Japanese faction or Japanese spies to undermine the negotiations. ② It was planned by Zhang Guotao and others who were being criticized within the party, and it was also to undermine the negotiations. ③ It was launched by the surrounding bandits, because the enemy only snatched away property and weapons, and did not take away documents and passwords.
After investigation of Zhang Guotao and others, the second possibility was first excluded.In order to find a breakthrough, Xie Ziqun sent investigators to the bandit area to inquire about information from the inside; while sending investigators to visit nearby people.
Soon, they obtained important information: The day before the incident, Old Man Li saw a group of bandits in the Laoshan area. Some people also saw that on the day of the incident, the bandit Li Qingwu's team was rushing, and some were still covered with blood.
Li Qingwu is a person, and the comrades in the security department all have an impression. When Yan'an suppressed bandits, the Red Army intended to recruit his team, but because the Kuomintang interfered, and the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party was about to be held, it could only be temporarily put on hold.
Bandits during the Anti-Japanese War
His team happened to have our eyeliner. After investigation by informants, the security department gradually understood the origins and the whole story of the incident. It turned out that it had planned it long ago, and it was definitely not the temporary intention of the bandits.
24, a spy named Feng Changdou of the Kuomintang had been lurking near the south gate of Yan'an. He found that there were always guards around the three trucks the delegation was riding in, and it was concluded that there were important people traveling. Based on the fact that Zhou Enlai was about to go to Nanjing for negotiations at that time, he judged that the convoy was escorting Zhou Enlai.
So he reported this information to the cicada bandit leaders Ji Yanshou and Li Qingwu overnight and instigated them to attack. The bandit leader was interested in joining the Kuomintang early on, believing that this was a god-given opportunity. Not only could he cause a big incident, but he could also make a name for himself and hand over a "vote letter" to the Kuomintang.
On the night of 24, Ji Yanshou and Li Qingwu, with more than 100 bandits under their command, began to build fortifications and bury ambush next to the road in the Laoshan area, brewing an assassination against Zhou Enlai.
A few days later, the matter was investigated clearly and we also grasped Li Qingwu's movements. The Red Army decided to use heavy troops to encircle the bandits. Finally, after a month of comprehensive encirclement and suppression, all the main leaders involved in the Laoshan incident, including Li Qingwu, Feng Changdou, Ji Yanshou, etc., were arrested and publicly executed.
000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 After the Laoshan incident, our army also vigorously strengthened the guard work of the central leaders. After this battle, Zhou Enlai personally arrested Chairman Mao and others' guard arrangements many times.
1947, when Hu Zongnan invaded Yan'an, he maliciously destroyed the cemetery at the foot of the Baota Mountain. After hearing this, Zhou Enlai couldn't help but burst into tears and kept thinking about it.
In 1970, when Deng Yingchao returned to Yan'an, Zhou Enlai specially entrusted her to find a local comrade and find a way to find Chen Youcai's cemetery. But the local area searched a lot of information, but it was not found in the end.
On June 9, 1973, Zhou Enlai, who was seriously ill in his later years, accompanied Vietnamese foreign guests back to Yan'an, where he had been away for 26 years. He immediately asked the staff: "Where is Chen Youcai's tomb now?" He wanted to go and worship.
When he learned that he had not found it, he couldn't help but burst into tears and reminded: "Try to find it." and then he said affectionately: "Comrade Chen Youcai died bravely. I have encountered many dangers in my life, but the most dangerous thing is this time. You must clarify the names of the comrades who died, invite them to Martyrs Cemetery , and erect a monument for them!"
The site of Zhou Enlai's distress
In June of the same year, a stone monument was erected in the place where Zhou Enlai was in danger that year, and the names of martyrs such as Chen Youcai were engraved on the back.
As Zhou Enlai commented: Comrade Chen Youcai has always been serious in his work and is brave and calm in the battle. His dedication and noble character of duty, loyal to the party, loyal to the revolution are always worthy of our study and nostalgia.
He is a good role model for every one of us living!
#Dear Premier Zhou Enlai##Who was the person who beat Chen Youcai to death#
