Su Malagu is the most special palace maid in the history of the Qing Dynasty. Her special feature is that she was respected as a palace maid by the emperor of Kangxi and was respected by the emperors of Shunzhi and Kangxi. After her death, she not only did she die. The princes dressed her up and mourned her, and later the Emperor Yongzheng and even issued an order to build a tomb for her according to the tomb specifications of the royal family members.
This is the special feature of Su Malagu. In addition to being treated with special respect from the royal family, Su Malagu also has a unique special hobby, that is, she only takes a bath once a year and finishes it. After bathing, she had to drink the bath water. This special behavior also made her more special in the history of the Qing Dynasty.
In fact, Su Malagu's real name is Su Mole . The name belongs to Mongolian transliteration. Her name originally means pocket in Chinese. Later, when she got older, she changed the name Manchu to Su Mala. This name is In Chinese, it means big pocket, and the word Gu is the honorific title given to her in the palace after she was older.
Su Malagu was born in a poor nomadic family in the Korqin tribe of Mongolia since childhood. Because of her family's poverty, she was sold to the mansion of Korqin Beilezaisanbuhe as a maid and entered Korqin Beile Mansion as a teenager. Afterwards, Su Malagu was assigned to Zasanbu and 's daughter Bumubutai as a maid who was close to serving.
Bumubutai is a name that many people will be unfamiliar with. In fact, Bumubutai is the famous female politician in the history of the Qing Dynasty Xiaozhuang Empress Wen, which is the Qing Taizong Huang Taiji Zhuangfei . Emperor Shunzhi's mother and Emperor Kangxi's grandmother.
Su Malagu was with Xiaozhuang since he was a teenager, and then accompanied Xiaozhuang to leave KorqinMarry Huang Taiji far away until the time when Xiaozhuang first passed away, the two had been with each other for more than 60 years and never separated. Malagu and Xiaozhuang are named masters and servants, but in fact they are like sisters. In order to accompany Xiaozhuang, Su Malagu never left the palace to marry, and had no life of his own. He has always been with Xiaozhuang. The two of them depend on each other. The relationship even surpasses the relationship between the real sisters.
When Huang Taiji died, Xiaozhuang was only 31 years old, which means that Xiaozhuang has been widowed since the age of 31. Su Malagu actually could have left the palace to marry independently at the age of 30, but she could not bear to Xiaozhuang being widowed at a young age. Therefore, she would rather sacrifice her life than accompany Xiaozhuang together.
, and Su Malagu has been smart since childhood. She quickly became proficient in the three languages of Mongolian, Manchu and Chinese around Xiaozhuang, and often gave advice for Xiaozhuang. Therefore, Su Malagu has a strong ability to do things and is trusted and relied on by Xiaozhuang.
Huang Taiji died suddenly, and he did not make a will, nor did he establish an heir. This led to his brother Dorgon and his eldest son Haoge to compete for the throne, but Dorgon succeeded to the throne and was defeated by Prince Li Daishan , Prince Zheng Ji Ergalang , important officials Sony , Oboi and others had great resistance, but Dorgon did not want the older Haoge to succeed the throne, so the situation was very stalemate.
and is good at observing the situation. Xiaozhuang, who is more ambitious, took the opportunity to send Su Malagu to lobby Dorgon and suggested that Dorgon give up his succession. Since Dorgon cannot succeed to the throne and cannot let Haoge succeed to the throne, it is better to It was instead supported Xiaozhuang and Huang Taiji's son, Fulin, to succeed the throne, so that it would not threaten Dorgon's power.
The ultimate idea of Xiaozhuang and Su Malagu's lobbying moved Dorgon, which made Dorgon decide to support Fulin ascend the throne. After Fulin ascends the throne, Dorgon and Jirhalang jointly regent. This way both sides can accept it. So Fulin became the later Emperor Shunzhi.
After the Qing Dynasty entered the pass, Dorgon quickly squeezed Jirgalang out of the center of power through political means. In the end, Dorgon monopolized the power, and the young Shunzhi became Dorgon's puppet. In order to better control Shunzhi, Dorgon prohibited Xiaozhuang and Shunzhi from meeting with his mother and son, and stipulated that the mother and son meet once every three months.
In this case, Su Malagu naturally could see Shunzhi more freely as a maid, so she often visited and cared for the young Shunzhi on behalf of Xiaozhuang and gave Shunzhi's mother the care.
Later, Shunzhi gave birth to his son Kangxi as an adult. The young Kangxi was infected with the infectious disease of smallpox. At that time, the smallpox was incurable. There was no cure and it could only rely on his own immunity. Many of Shunzhi's sons were all He died of smallpox in childhood, and even Shunzhi himself eventually died of smallpox.
According to the method of treating smallpox at that time, it was to isolate the patient from normal people and let him recover from his own immune system. If he couldn't stand it, he would have to wait to die. Even the prince Kangxi was no exception. After he got smallpox, he was isolated from the palace, and only a few people served him. You can imagine how isolated and helpless Kangxi was at that time.
There is a weakness in the smallpox virus, that is, as long as anyone who has won the smallpox virus does not die, he will be immune to the smallpox virus for life. Su Malagu is likely to have the smallpox virus in his childhood, so she took the initiative to apply to Xiaozhuang for responsibility. He took up the task of taking care of his childhood Kangxi. In this way, when Xiao Kangxi got smallpox, Su Malagu gave him maternal care and meticulous care, which finally made him survive.
After that, Kangxi succeeded to the throne at the age of eight, and Xiaozhuang asked Su Malagu to continue teaching Kangxi's enlightenment, and teach Kangxi to learn Manchu and Chinese characters and court etiquette. In the " Xiaoting Miscellaneous Records " written by the ninth Prince of Li Aisin Gioro Zhaolian , it was recorded that when Emperor Ren was young, Lai Qi (Su Malagu) taught him and taught him by hand The letter of the country is very high-quality in the Forbidden City.
In "Xiaoting Miscellaneous Records", Su Malagu also pointed out that she is different from ordinary palace maids. She has raised and taught Kangxi, so she is particularly treated by Kangxi.
In fact, in history, Kangxi treated Su Malagu more than just courtesy. He treated Su Malagu like his mother. Although Kangxi was a hero of a generation, he also had a tragic life experience. He lost his father at the age of 8 and lost his mother at the age of 10. It can be said that he was Young means that both parents die and lack the care of their parents. Therefore, Su Malagu, who took care of him meticulously, was regarded as his mother. After Kangxi grew up, he often called Su Malagu the mother in public, that is, his mother's. mean.
Due to Kangxi's respect for Su Malagu, and Su Malagu was kind and tolerant and generous, the palace, from concubines to palace maids and eunuchs, everyone respected Su Malagu very much.
Of course, Su Malagu is extremely loyal to Xiaozhuang and has favored both Shunzhi and Kangxi. In order to serve the three generations of Xiaozhuang's grandparents and grandchildren, Su Malagu never left the palace or married for her life, and she deserves Kangxi's respect. and courtesy.
In the 26th year of Kangxi (1688), Su Malagu suffered a great blow to Su Malagu, because this year, Su Malagu was loyal to him for more than 60 years and had been with him for more than 60 years. The year when Zhuang died was 75 years old, Su Malagu was about the same age as her, so it was a big blow to Su Malagu, who was also in his 70s.
After that, Su Malagu was depressed and wanted to go on a hunger strike to bury Xiaozhuang. When Kangxi learned about this situation, he was very anxious. It happened that Kangxi's twelfth son, Yinlu , was born, so Kangxi handed Yinlu to Su Ma Lagu, please ask Su Malagu to help him raise Yinlu. In fact, Kangxi wanted to divert her sadness by letting Su Malagu raise Yinlu, so as to dispel the idea of burying Xiaozhuang for her.
Kangxi's move really worked. After that, Su Malagu gave up the idea of burying Xiaozhuang for his life and raised Yinlu wholeheartedly. In addition to raising Yinlu, Su Malagu also has spiritual sustenance, that is, she believes in Tibetan Buddhism very deeply and insists on eating vegetarian food in her later years. There is a saying in Tibetan Buddhism that she should drink herself at the end of the year every year. The bath water represents repentance to the sins committed this year.
So Su Malagu also worshiped Buddha devoutly after his death in Xiaozhuang and developed the habit of drinking bath water.In the "Xiaoting Miscellaneous Records" written by Zhaolian , it is recorded in this way: Gu is good at Buddhism and is a simple person in his old age. I don’t bathe all year round, but the daily amount of washing is done on New Year’s Eve. Drink its filthy water by yourself, thinking that it is a repentance.
Zhao Lian is the sixth generation grandson of Prince Li Daishan. He is the ninth hereditary Prince Li in the Jiaqing period. He loves to write folk customs and literary and historical materials in his life. Although his "Xiaoting Miscellaneous Records" is not an official official history , but even the official official history of " Qing History Draft " is based on the content of "Xiaoting Miscellaneous Records". Therefore, Su Malagu took a bath once a year and had to drink it. The credibility of water is very high.
Since drinking bath water is a Tibetan Buddhist ruling, it represents repentance of sins, what is the priority of Su Malagu taking a bath once a year?
In fact, Su Malagu's bath once a year is still the custom of Mongolian . Mongolian grassland belongs to the inland area, with relatively scarce water resources. The ancient technology was not as developed as modern times, and Mongolian. People belong to nomadic peoples and have no fixed place to live. Sometimes they may not be able to find water resources. Drinking water is very tight, so they are even more reluctant to take a bath.
Therefore, Mongolian herders can basically tolerate the need to take a bath for a year. Even in modern remote areas, the herders in some remote areas basically take a bath for as short as ten days and half a month, and a year and half a year, which is normal thing.
Of course, at that time, the custom of taking a bath once a year was limited to poor middle and lower-class herdsmen. It would be more casual to take a bath in the upper class aristocrats. Otherwise, if it was like Xiaozhuang, who was born in a noble family, it would be like Su Malagu to take a bath once a year. If you bathe, how delicious it is, I am afraid that Huang Taiji will not be interested in Xiaozhuang.
Su Malagu not only has a habit of taking a bath once a year but also drinking bath water. She also has a habit, that is, she almost never takes medicine in her life, and insists on not taking medicine even if she is sick. Of course, this is also the middle and lower-level herders in Mongolia. custom.
Mongols are nomadic peoples, and they have no place to live, so it is difficult to find doctors. Therefore, some herders in the middle and lower classes of Mongolia do not know how to take medicine for some minor illnesses. They rely on their own immune system to survive. Most of them go to see a doctor are in critical condition. Severe illness, so most Mongolian doctors are good at using strong medicine to treat diseases. In modern northern regions, Mongolian doctors are often used to describe doctors who take medicine more vigorously, which is why.
In addition to being difficult to find a doctor, the Mongolians also firmly believe that minor illnesses and disasters are God's punishment for themselves, and taking medicine is useless. If God does not punish himself to death, then he will naturally be safe.
So it is also a custom of Mongolian herdsmen who are sick to take medicine. Su Malagu believes in this custom. Even when she was sick in her later years, Kangxi personally advised her to take medicine but failed.
But don’t look at Su Malagu taking a bath once a year and drinking the bath water, and not taking medicine when he is sick. People like this who are not hygienic and do not take medicine should not be too long, but Su Mala should not live long. However, my aunt was in very good health and did not die until the 44th year of Kangxi (1705), at the age of 93.
Su Malagu did not disappoint Kangxi's entrustment until his death. The twelve old Yinlu was nurtured by Su Malagu and did not participate in the battle for the throne. He was finally treated well by the emperors of Yongzheng and Qianlong. , ended well at the age of 79, Yinlu was the son with the best ending and longest lifespan among all the sons of Kangxi.
When Su Malagu passed away, Kangxi was not in the capital and was patrolling the outside world. After learning about Su Malagu's death, Kangxi was very sad. He asked not to bury Su Malagu immediately and must wait for him to return to the capital before he returned to the capital. Take a last look. In order to change the itinerary of Su Malagu, Kangxi quickly returned to the capital. After looking at Su Malagu for the last time, Kangxi issued an order to bury Su Malagu.
Yinlu was also very sad about Su Malagu's death. After all, he was raised by Su Malagu, so Yinlu took the initiative to apply to Kangxi to apply to Su Malagu to keep mourning and keep her mourning for her and send her the last journey .Kangxi was very moved by the filial piety of Yinzhi . He not only approved Yinlu to wear mourning for Su Malagu, but also asked other princes to take turns to accompany Yinlu to wear mourning for Su Malagu every day.
Since Xiaozhuang has not been buried since his death, the coffin was stored in the temporary Anfeng Hall near Xiaoling in Shunzhi . Therefore, Kangxi also parked Su Malagu's coffin with Xiaozhuang in the temporary Anfeng Hall. Until the Yongzheng period, Yongzheng directly built Zhaoxi Tomb for Xiaozhuang in the temporary Feng Hall, but Su Malagu was just a maid during his lifetime and could not be buried in the imperial tomb. Therefore, Yongzheng issued an order to be near Zhaoxi Tomb. A tomb was specially built for Sumalagu according to the specifications of the royal tomb.
So Su Malagu was the most special palace maid in the history of the Qing Dynasty. After his death, he was buried with a funeral of royal members. The princes wore mourning for her, and the emperor also personally issued an order to build a tomb for her. This is the history of the Qing Dynasty. The only palace maid with such special treatment.
