In early January 1935, after the Central Red Army occupied the Zunyi and Tongzi areas, Xue Yue who followed them led 8 divisions of the Central Army into Guiyang.
He followed Chiang Kai-shek's will to first settle the "Guizhou government", but he couldn't do it even if he wanted to, so he couldn't care about chasing down the Red Army for the time being.
also ignored the pursuit of the Red Army, and Wang Jialie, who was about to pass away and almost lost his status as a prince.
Although "Chairman Wang" is still regarded as "Lieutenant General of the 25th Army of the National Revolutionary Army and Chairman of the Guizhou Provincial Government", Zhou Hunyuan 's 99th Division Guo Siyan Department has now taken over the Guiyang city defense. Guo became the "Guiyang Security Commander".
Chairman Wang and Commander Wang, who used to make his skin tremble every time he stamped his feet in Guiyang, are now being made trouble at will by a second lieutenant platoon leader of the Central Army even when entering and leaving the city gate of Guiyang.
Comparing the two, "Chairman Wang" naturally felt more desolate. He didn't know how many times he bought regret medicine in his heart. After buying and selling, he had the thought of returning to his hometown in Tongzi to find land to survive.
王家 Lie
"Return" is nonsense. That territory is now in the hands of "Zhu Mao", and the only way to get it back is to "fight it back".
Although "Chairman Wang" doesn't have much confidence in defeating "Zhu Mao", when he thinks of the current predicament, he also has a little courage to "risk death and survive".
Try not to bite the bullet and draw the territory for yourself, but what will you do in the future? Zunyi and Tongzi are relatively prosperous. If all the guns of the local militia were searched by "Zhu Mao", it would be even more difficult to recover...
After he made up his mind, he Zhizhong , Bai Huizhang came to talk about it, and they agreed because they had the same interests.
It was agreed that Wang Jialie would be responsible for raising supplies, and He and Bai would lead eight regiments from the upper reaches of Wujiang River to cross the river from Huangshadu and Liuguangdu areas, and go out to "recover Zunyi".
However, after all, they were just a few pipes and could not spit out any thick smoke or fire. For "Zhu Mao", the threat could be ignored.
For the Red Army, there is a threat that cannot be ignored, but it is still potential for the time being, and that is the Sichuan Army's Liu Xiang.
Liu Xiang's title is "Lieutenant General of the 21st Army of the National Revolutionary Army and Chairman of the Sichuan Provincial Government". At that time, he had just expelled his uncle Liu Wenhui from the Western Sichuan Plain, unified Sichuan politics, and was in a state of great wealth and ambition. state.
Although there are also Northern Sichuan "Xu Zhang Bandits" that often make him sleep poorly, after all, they have not yet threatened the richest granary of the Western Sichuan Plain sitting under his butt.
He has always been very concerned about the movements of the Central Red Army. The reason is of course that he is afraid that "Zhu Mao" will enter Sichuan and join forces with "Xu Zhang" to create a "Central Soviet Area" in the western Sichuan plain, and finally end up making his own meal. .
After the Central Red Army entered southeastern Guizhou from the Hunan-Guizhou-Guizhou border, Liu Xiang's determination was to "reject the south and defend the north", that is, to take a defensive position against the "Xu Zhang" in the north and an offensive against the "Zhu Mao" coming from the south.
He believed that in the past, the Sichuan army was too passive in the battle against "Xu Zhang", but now it should take the offensive in the battle against "Zhu Mao", block it before it enters Sichuan, and "must push this war outside the province." beat".
Not only that, among the princes in the southwest, this "Liu Fugong" is also one of the best in capital - he has a fleet on the Yangtze River, he has planes in the sky, and he has arsenals on the ground.
When the Central Red Army advanced from southeastern Guizhou to the south bank of the Wujiang River, he immediately adjusted his deployment in addition to defending Chongqing with heavy troops.
On the one hand, the fifth division was stationed in You (yang) Xiu (shan), Qian (yang) and Peng (water) to prevent the Second and Sixth Red Army Corps and the Central Red Army from being blocked;
On the other hand, the fifth division was urgently stationed in Lu County and Jiangjin. The Liao Ze Division of the Third Brigade and the Musu Central Section of the Second Frontier Defense Route entered Guizhou to assist the Guizhou Army in defense and wanted to "push the war to outside the province."
At the same time, the Guo Xunqi Department of the Third Brigade of the Instructor and the Pan Zuo Department of the Independent Fourth Brigade were concentrated in Baisha, Jiangjin as reserve units to respond.
Immediately appointed Pan Wenhua as the "Commander-in-Chief of Bandit Suppression on the South Bank of Sichuan", unified command of more than 40 regiments of 12 brigades in the 3rd Route, and rushed to build fortifications along the Yangtze River from Yibin in the east to Jiangjin in the west.
The gunboats and modified armed merchant ships of the "Chuanjiang Public Security Fleet" also patrolled the river back and forth, preparing to block the Central Red Army from crossing the Yangtze River north.
There are many rivers along this section of the Yangtze River, and land and water transportation is developed, which is very convenient for Liu Xiang to arrange his troops-in fact, it is also a card.
Liu Xiang's strategy of "rejecting the south and defending the north" was recognized by He Guoguang, the director of Chiang Kai-shek's camp in Chongqing - in fact, he was also recognized by Chiang Kai-shek.
Chiang Kai-shek's calculation was: to use the Hunan Army on the east bank of the Wujiang River, the Sichuan Army from the north and south of the Yangtze River, the Yunnan Army coming to the west to "assist and suppress", the Hunan Army that had "pursued" to the south bank of the Wujiang River, and the center of the Guiyang line The army, with a total of more than 150 regiments and more than 400,000 troops, gradually reduced the encirclement and annihilated the "Zhu Mao" in the south of the Yangtze River and the northwest of Wujiang River.
Therefore, although the current situation is "slightly relaxed", Chiang Kai-shek does not have much time left for the Central Red Army.
Taking advantage of this "slightly relaxed" opportunity, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held a Zunyi Conference. The first topic of the
meeting was "to decide and review the issue of temporarily establishing a Soviet base area with and northern Guizhou as the center decided by the Liping Conference."
This problem is a real problem that needs to be solved urgently. The place in northern Guizhou is so poor that even eating is a problem. It seems that it is not that easy to treat.
Even if we continue to wait hard, once the enemy is compressed and surrounded, coupled with the squeeze of the Yangtze and Wujiang rivers, the situation will be even more critical.
But if you don’t stay in Qianbei, where will you go? How to get there?
The result of the discussion was to agree with the suggestions of Nie Rongzhen and Liu Bocheng and decide to cross the Yangtze River and establish a base southwest or northwest of Chengdu.
The most convenient route from northern Guizhou to "the southwest or northwest of Chengdu" is to cross the Yangtze River north between Yibin and Luzhou . This seems to be the best choice.
After the meeting, Liu Bocheng, a famous former Sichuan Army general, was responsible for formulating the specific plan for "crossing the Yangtze River north".
Liu and Nie, as Sichuanese who grew up along this river, may have paid more attention to the fact that the river water in this area is relatively gentle, the terrain is not steep, and it is not more difficult to build a ferry bridge than the Wujiang River.
From a subjective point of view, the combat effectiveness of the Sichuan Army, which has the same nickname of "Double Gun" as the Guizhou Army, will not be very high. The Sichuan warlords have long been xenophobic. Chiang Kai-shek It is not easy to mobilize a large number of troops to Sichuan. Northern Sichuan The Red Fourth Army can come to support and other favorable conditions.
But in fact, the Sichuan Army Liu Xiang's troops were able to assemble and deploy on the Yangtze River were very strong, far beyond what Wang Jialie's few guns could match.
This "Liu Fugong" had just unified Sichuan politics and had just completed a political deal with Chiang Kai-shek. He could use a word from between his teeth as a command.
This rich granary in the Western Sichuan Plain nourishes his finances. He can produce and replenish his own equipment and supplies. The equipment of the team is quite sophisticated, no less than that of the Central Army. If this capital is used up, he can certainly compete with "Zhu Mao" "Enter some entanglement.
Moreover, "Zhu Mao" wanted to cross the Yangtze River, which directly threatened his granary. Due to circumstances and reasons, he had to risk his own life and make serious calculations.
Besides, although the Yangtze River in this area is gentle, its surface is very wide. Unlike the Xiangjiang River, some places can be wade on foot. Lao Jiang, Liu Xiang and other princes can use its superior water and land transportation conditions to easily realize the rapid maneuver of the troops.
As for the Fourth Red Army, they are too far apart and it is difficult to expect them to cooperate with the Central Red Army's northward crossing of the Yangtze River.
During the meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, the main force of the Central Red Army mobilized the masses to establish "soviets" at all levels while carrying out rest and reorganization. Reorganize.
Zunyi has the Party’s work foundation. The Red Army received a warm welcome when they entered the city. This was all organized by the “Friends of the Red Army” propaganda organization led by the Party. The Red Army “expanded” more than a thousand people in Zunyi County alone. It was mobilized by the "Friends of the Red Army".
The number of "red" troops in the entire northern Guizhou region is between four and five thousand. Geng Tun and Yang Chengwu's Red Fourth Regiment can be organized into a battalion with new recruits.
On the day when the Central Revolutionary Military Commission entered Sidu, Military Commission Deputy Chief of General Staff Zhang Yunyi took a knitting bucket and went to the street to paint slogans after work. He met a young man and asked for directions.
Major General Huang Zhongcheng was led by Zhang Yunyi to the road of revolution
As a result, the young man followed him and talked all the way. During the chat, he said that he wanted to be a Red Army member. Zhang Yunyi just painted slogans and promoted the red army, and accomplished both tasks. .
This young man named Huang Zhongcheng traveled thousands of miles and later became the founding rear admiral of the People's Republic of China and the deputy commander of the South China Sea Fleet.
While expanding the Red Army, it is downsizing its ranks. After reorganization, the First and Third Red Army Corps each administered two divisions. The Fifth and Ninth Red Army Corps abolished the division-level organization and each directly administered three regiments.
The result of this expansion and contraction was to enrich the combat troops and relieve the burden of carrying burdens. This had a great positive impact on subsequent large-scale mobile operations.
At the end of the Politburo meeting the next day, the days of "slightly easing the situation" seemed to have reached the lower limit. The Fifth Division of the Zhou Hunyuan Department of the Central Army also drove across the Wujiang River, planning to cooperate with the Wang Jialie Department of the Guizhou Army to attack Zunyi.
At 20:00 on the evening of January 18, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission sent a telegram to all legions to specify the order to move to Chishui and Tucheng areas.
A new round of strategic actions by the Central Red Army has begun.
At this time, the six regiments of the Guizhou Army led by Bai Huizhang and He Zhizhong had advanced towards Zunyi City. Zhang Zongxun, the commander of the Fourth Division of the Third Red Army, and Huang Kecheng, the political commissar, originally planned to take advantage of the opportunity while they were busy entering the city to lure and annihilate one of their units.
However, because the Guizhou army learned very well this time and marched in multiple directions, Zhang and Huang's plan to lure and annihilate could not be realized. Around 14:00, the Guizhou army completely occupied Zunyi.
Although the specific deployment of the river-crossing operation has not yet been drawn up and issued, the direction of action of the various departments of the Central Red Army has been clear at this time, which is to cross the Yangtze River between Yibin and Luzhou.
Reflecting this, Chiang Kai-shek's "Chongqing Camp Staff Group" was not aware of "Zhu Mao's" intention to "cross north" in the past few days. Therefore, the focus of their study and judgment on January 16 was still "prevention". "The bandits fled to the west", there are two key points in the corresponding deployment:
First, the Hunan Army on the east and west banks of the Wujiang River, the Central Army and the Qian Army on the north and south banks of the Wujiang River pressed the "Zhu Mao" to the south bank of the Yangtze River from the east and south.
He Guoguang
The second is to form the first line of defense by the Sichuan Army and the Yunnan Army in Bi (Jie), Syria (Yong), Lu (zhou), and between Hengjiang Field, Yanjin, Anbian Field, and Yibin Jinsha River downstream Form a second line of defense to "prevent bandits from escaping westward."
The decision of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission to "cross north" seems to have caught up with the plan of the "Chongqing Camp Staff Group".
However, this was just a "thinking gap". After all, Chiang Kai-shek and Liu Fugong had a lot of capital, and their plan to "prevent bandits from escaping westward" also played a role in "preventing bandits from crossing north."
Be it Chiang Kai-shek or Liu Fugong, the space left for the leaders of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission to make choices is really very small.
Although the author discussed many shortcomings of the Central Red Army's "North Crossing of the Yangtze River" plan as a "hindsight", to be fair, this plan does have its reasonable side.
Lao Chiang Kai-shek has made arrangements on the east, south and west sides. "Crossing the Yangtze River north" may have the effect of surprising hostile materials.
However, there was one person in the Sichuan Army who noticed the Red Army's plan to cross the Yangtze River north. This person was Pan Wenhua, the "Commander-in-Chief of the Bandit Suppression on the South Bank of Sichuan" in Lu County.
Pan and his colleagues made an estimate after some deliberation: "Zhu Mao" was likely to "cross north" and urgently mobilized 20 regiments to fight against the Central Red Army on the front lines of Chishui, Xishui, and Tucheng.
html On January 21, a total of 11 regiments with 20,000 troops from Guo Xunqi, Pan Zuo and Liao Ze served as the vanguard and marched towards Chishui County one after another.Pan Wenhua's future in the military was not great in his life, but this time he almost got a big golden baby.
His measures filled up the "thinking gap" of the "Chongqing Camp Staff Group" to a considerable extent. The battle tactics were active defense, and strategically it was in line with Liu Fugong's "pushing the war to fight outside the province." The highest purpose should be able to get a high score.
This situation was not grasped by the Central Revolutionary Military Commission in time. The reason was that the Second Bureau had not yet had time to conduct reconnaissance and control of the Sichuan Army's radio stations.
Pan Wenhua
The Second Bureau of the Central Military Commission It was only after the Military Commission column arrived in Tucheng on the 26th that it began to intercept the Sichuan Army radio station and discovered that the Sichuan Army used a complex incoming and outgoing password, and the password was called "Zhengmi".
In view of the urgent situation, Zeng Xisheng, director of the Second Bureau of the Military Commission, Cao Xiangren, Zou Bizhao and other cracking experts immediately devoted themselves to the deciphering work...
From January 22 to 24, the Central Red Army defeated the remaining units of the Guizhou Army along the way. , continue to move towards Chishui and Tucheng areas.
Until then, the Central Red Army was still having a smooth journey, and the Yangtze River was in sight. The Central Revolutionary Military Commission decided to seize Chishui and seize the opportunity to cross the river.
The trouble starts here.
At 22:00 on the evening of January 24, Lin Biao, commander of the First Red Army Corps, reported to the Central Revolutionary Military Commission:
Spy information, only one enemy brigade in Chishui City was defeated, and there were several bandits. If attacked, they would turn to Hejiang and retreat. The first division is ordered to attack tomorrow. If it encounters the enemy, it will switch to feint attack and combat reconnaissance.
Lin Biao's "spy information" is not accurate. In fact, the 5th regiment of the Dafenggang and Zhang'anping brigades have now entered the vicinity of Chishui City and made contact with the remnants of the Chishui garrison Qian Junhouzhi. Chishui is surrounded by two brigades and seven regiments of the Sichuan-Guizhou Army.
The 28-year-old famous general Lin Biao was about to see that the five regiments of Liu Xiang's Sichuan Army were not "turning to Hejiang and retreating as soon as they attacked", nor could one Red Army Corps defeat them all.
html On the 25th, the Red Division stationed outside Chishui, and Chief of Staff Geng led a reconnaissance team dressed as ordinary people to investigate the situation.Unexpectedly, they didn't go far when they encountered the local mayor arresting the porters, saying that he was ordered by the county magistrate to deliver bedding straw to the Chishui garrison. Chief of Staff Geng and others would have been captured and used as porters if they hadn't escaped quickly.
On the way back, Chief of Staff Geng had an idea: Why not use "delivering straw" as a cover to pick a group of elite soldiers to sneak into the city and act as an internal response when the city is attacked?
Returning to the division headquarters, he told Li Jukui, who also agreed, so he decided: the next day, two platoons would pretend to be ordinary people delivering straw, and the main force would follow up half a mile later to seize Chishui City by surprise.
Geng Biao
At this time, neither Chen Guang, Liu Yalou, nor Li Jukui expected that the Sichuan Army was not "keeping the camera in Chicheng" at all, but was completely aggressive:
Da Feng entered Chishui from Jiuzhi On the same day, Gang Brigade had sent two groups to Fuxingchang, which was only 9 kilometers away from the county seat. The two leading groups of Zhang Anping Brigade also crossed Chishui River from Xianshi, entered Chishui County, and headed towards Tucheng along the highway. The direction is forward.
This is no wonder, Liu Fugong has the highest purpose of "pushing the war to fight outside the province"!
26 At dawn, the 1st Red Division moved according to the scheduled plan. Huang Yongsheng and Lin Longfa's two platoons of the 1st Battalion and 1st Company of the 3rd Red Regiment, led by platoon leader Ma Rongsheng, were in plain clothes carrying straw and mixed in with the people delivering straw to Chi. Fei Shuicheng advances.
htmlAt around 09:00, when they entered Lezi Bay on the southeast side of Huangpi Cave, only 16 kilometers away from Chishui County, they suddenly encountered the leading platoon of the first regiment of Zhang Ping'an Brigade, which was rushing towards Tucheng.Ma Rongsheng and others planned to get away with it, but unexpectedly, the Jiangxi veterans' reconnaissance work was not professional enough, and their unchangeable local accent showed their flaws as soon as they opened their mouths. The platoon leader of Zhang Brigade ordered Ma Rongsheng and others to stop advancing and undergo inspection.
When Ma Rongsheng and others saw that their secret was about to be revealed, in order to avoid suffering a loss, they immediately opened fire and killed the enemy's leading platoon leader.
As soon as the gunfire rang out, Peng Xuegao, commander of the first regiment of the Zhang Brigade, ordered the first battalion of the regiment to seize the right-wing high ground of the 1st Red Division. The machine gun company occupied the position and opened fire on the 3rd Red Regiment. The main force of the cover regiment deployed to attack the main force of the advancing 1st Red Division. Implement suppressive fire.
It must be said that Ma Rongsheng and others revealed their secrets at the wrong time. This place is a Hulukou terrain. One of the two wings was occupied by the first battalion of the Peng regiment. There was a bunker on the other side, which was immediately used by the main force of the Peng regiment. The firepower of the two wings was fierce. The Third Red Regiment was locked in a narrow front, and the advancing troops of the First Red Division were unable to deploy at all, leaving them in a very passive position to be beaten.
Regiment Commander Huang and Political Commissar Lin Longfa saw that the situation was not good, and organized forces many times to compete for the high ground occupied by the 1st Battalion of the Peng Regiment. However, due to fierce side fire from the enemy machine gun and mortar from the bunker on the other wing, Never succeeded.
Fortunately, a surprise troop from the Third Red Regiment detoured toward the enemy's left-wing position from the dense forest and killed the enemy's machine gun platoon leader, thus easing the dilemma.
But this Peng Xuangao was no ordinary person. He did not passively protect himself. Instead, he used the advantageous terrain to attack and defend. He fought repeatedly with the Third Red Regiment and fought very methodically. The First Red Division was not in a passive situation. A fundamental change.
At this time, Zhang Anping led the third regiment, the main force of the brigade, to come up with reinforcements. Zhang Anping seemed to be very experienced. While he ordered the mortar battalion to fire fiercely at the 1st Red Division, he ordered the 3rd regiment to attack the left side of the 1st Red Division. Sideways plagiarism. The situation of the First Red Division is also more critical.
Li Jukui was also anxious at this moment. He ordered Chief of Staff Geng to personally lead Yang Dezhi, the main force of the division, and Li Lin's red group to climb up to the three stone highlands southeast of Huangpi Cave and launch an overhead shot at Zhang Brigade with fierce firepower.
The Zhang Brigade organized several attacks from the rear, but was heavily damaged by the firepower of the Red Regiment. Only then was it forced to retreat from Leizi Bay. The Red Regiment finally captured three stones from the right-wing highland from the First Regiment of the Zhang Brigade.
But it was difficult for the 1st Red Division to move forward. The two sides fought repeatedly back and forth on both sides of a small valley called "River Bottom". They advanced and retreated for several rounds in the morning, and the hand-to-hand combat lasted for ten There are so many more.
When the battle ended at 3 p.m., the Huang Regiment of the Fenggang Brigade rushed from near the blacksmith furnace to Huangpi Cave to reinforce the Zhang Brigade, and the Sichuan Army's arrogance increased.
Zhang Anping also ordered people to cut open several large leather suitcases filled with silver coins and on the horseback, claiming: "Whoever rushes for three stones will be rewarded with three foreign coins!"
It really means "there must be someone with a heavy reward." "Courageous man", Xian Dayang, who was covered with white flowers all over the ground, greatly stimulated the gang of desperate soldiers in Zhang Brigade.
In the afternoon, the first branch of the Zhang Brigade quietly detoured back to the Red Army position from the small bridge on the east side of Sankuishi Highland, and suddenly launched a sneak attack, rushed up to Sankuishi Highland, and pounced on the other highlands.
At this time, most of the Red Army officers and soldiers who had been fighting fiercely for most of the day were resting and eating. They were caught off guard and suffered more than a hundred casualties.
At this time, the 1st Red Division suffered heavy casualties. Most of the platoon cadres of the 3rd Red Regiment had been lost, and the enemy had occupied most of the favorable hills and reinforcements were arriving.
Li Jukui thought about it and felt that continuing to fight would only be more disadvantageous, so he ordered to withdraw from the position.
In the battle of Huangpi Cave, the Sichuan Army and the First Red Division each suffered more than 300 casualties.
Li Jukui
On the same day, the Second Red Division crossed the Chishui River from Fengxikou Ferry eastward to the vicinity of Fuxing Field. Due to the unknown enemy situation, Chen Guang and Liu Yalou did not dare to attack Fuxing Field rashly.
Lin Biao led the 1st Red Army Corps Headquarters to Bingtan that night. After learning that the 1st Red Army Division had suffered a setback at Huangpi Cave, he ordered Chen Guang and Liu Yalou to "capture Fuxing Field and quickly advance towards Chishui" the next day, in order to force the advance of Huangpi Cave. The enemy returned with reinforcements, reducing the pressure on the First Red Division.
Lin Biao, the commander of the First Red Army Corps, actually had the information at this time that there were two Sichuan Army Brigade 5 regiments near Chishui, and that the Xu Guoji Detachment and the 1st Liao Ze Brigade had rushed to Xishui (now Guandu).
However, both Lin Biao and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission were still motivated to cross the Yangtze River from Chishui to the north. They also seriously underestimated the combat effectiveness of the Liu Xiang Division of the Sichuan Army. Perhaps they took it for granted that the Guizhou Army also enjoyed the reputation of "double guns". Cf.
When a veteran general who had fought in the Central Red Army watched the movie "Four Crosses of Chishui", he discovered that there was a clip of the Red Army and the Guizhou Army fighting hand-to-hand. He laughed: "What did this director do? Wang Jialie's How dare the team fight with us with bayonets."
Therefore, the instructions given by the Central Revolutionary Military Commission to Lin Biao at 24:00 that night still required the main force of the First Red Army Corps to "concentrate to destroy the enemy" and "take advantage of the victory to attack the city."
At this time, three regiments of the Second Red Division were used to seize the Sichuan Army's Da Da. The Fuxing Field controlled by the two regiments of the Fenggang Brigade was a fierce battle. It was not easy to "capture the Fuxing Field and quickly advance to Chishui".
At the same time, the head of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission was preparing to open another battlefield in Tucheng. Miles.
On the same afternoon when Li Jukui had an inseparable battle with Zhang Anping and Da Fenggang, the Military Commission Column and the Red Army Corps Headquarters were drawn to Tucheng one after another.
The rearguard Red Army Corps was on the front line at Donghuangdian and Sanyuanchang. The Sichuan Army's Guo Xunqi Department was constantly blocked.
Tucheng has a long history, and it is also a land and water dock on the ancient salt road. This place has nourished a group of salt merchants and a group of boat gangs. Of course, they are all important places.
After the Military Commission column arrived in Tucheng, the leaders had learned about the deployment and strength of the Sichuan Army through the telegram intercepted by the Second Bureau of the Military Commission on the 26th and the enemy situation reported by the First Red Army. The plan of "crossing the Yangtze River" was seriously threatened.
The Central Revolutionary Military Commission decided to fight a battle in Tucheng to eliminate the enemy that was following and curb the momentum of the pursuit of troops to change the situation.
According to the deployment of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, it was planned to use the Fifth Red Army Corps as the first Department, lure the pursuing enemy to a narrow area around Fengcunba, use the main force of the Fifth Red Army Corps and the fifth division of the Third Red Army Corps to suddenly and covertly attack the enemy's right wing; the fourth division of the Third Red Army Army assaults the enemy's left flank and cuts off the enemy's return route . In other words, it was a deployment of a "two-wing assault" ambush battle.
Although everyone in the Central Red Army underestimated the combat effectiveness of the Sichuan Army Liu Xiang, if this plan was successfully realized, it would be possible to eliminate Guo and Pan. It should be said that it was a sure thing to catch Guo Xunqi by surprise, to annihilate his unit in an organized manner, and to curb his arrogance and pursuit.
However, it was discovered as soon as the battle started that this was not the case at all.
Guo Xunqi was there. When entering the deep valley in front of Fengcun Dam, the 1st Battalion of the 7th Regiment was ordered to cross the inaccessible Shizi Ridge on the north side of Fengcun Dam and take a shortcut to the Jianshanzi Highlands in the direction of Tucheng. The Tang Regiment entering the valley road also paid attention to seizing the high ground and searched carefully. Move forward.
This decision was indeed beyond the expectations of the Red Army. It seems that "Guo Mangwa" is indeed not an ordinary person. It is necessary to say a few words about Guo Xunqi. This public name is Yi Zhi, born in Shuangliu, Sichuan. In 1895, when little Mao Zedong was two years old, he joined the Sichuan Army in 1912. He was nicknamed "Guo Mangwa" for his bravery in combat.
Guo was able to share hardships with the soldiers and was smart and eager to learn. He rose quickly in the army. In 10 years, he rose from a private to squad leader, platoon leader, company commander, battalion commander, and regiment commander. By 1922, when he was 27 years old, he had become the major general and brigade commander of the 7th Brigade of the 4th Division of Liu Xiang's Department.
Chen Yi returned from studying in France in 1922 and worked as the editor-in-chief of Chongqing's "Sichuan Newspaper". He was introduced to Guo by his elder brother Chen Mengxi. Because they both loved football and loved to compete on the field, they became irreconcilable and formed a lifelong friendship.
During the Great Revolution, influenced by Liu Bocheng, Yang Anggong, Chen Yi, etc., he tended to be progressive, sympathized with the revolution, and protected Communist Party members and progressives many times.
After the failure of the Great Revolution, he helped Chen Yi and other communists escape from danger. When the Anti-Japanese War broke out, he came out of Sichuan, fought actively, and defeated enemy invaders one after another. His headquarters and the New Fourth Army were mutually supportive and always lived in friendship.
was slandered by Chiang Kai-shek agents for this, and he was angry and wanted to lead his troops to "surrender to the Communists", but Xiang Ying refused on the grounds of "maintaining the united front." Later, Chiang Kai-shek took away his military talisman for some pretext. One of the tiger generals, , was unemployed for five years during the Anti-Japanese War in 1988.
The victory of the Anti-Japanese War The civil war resumed. When Chiang Kai-shek appointed people, he ordered Zeng Kuoqing to supervise him to come out of the army.
In the spring of 1948, the old Jiang Lingguo and Chiang Kai-shek Gaote Kangze jointly defended Xiangfan. In order to avoid fighting with the Communist army and old friends, Xiang Kang suggested withdrawing the defense, but Kang refused.
7, Xiangyang City was captured.Liu Bocheng urgently telegraphed him to the Central Plains Military Region. Liu Bocheng and Chen Yi went to meet him hand in hand. As soon as they met, Chen Yi shouted: "Brother Yi, cannons don't have eyes, how did you come to Xiangyang!"
Guo Yi was so happy that he called "Zhonghong" repeatedly and hugged each other happily. After the happy talk, Guo volunteered to return to Sichuan to rebel against the old Sichuan Army. Liu Chen agreed after detailed research and returned to Sichuan as a special member of the Communist Party of China. Liu (Wenhui), Deng (Xihou), Pan (Wenhua) and many other old friends, promoted many branches. The national army revolted.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Guo Xunqi served as director of the Sichuan Provincial Department of Water Resources and deputy director of the Provincial Sports Commission. Died of illness on December 28, 1959, at the age of 64.
It seems that General Guo is at least a sympathizer of our party, and Liu Xiang selected General "Pursuit and Suppression" precisely because of this - Mr. Fu was afraid of paying a huge sum of money.
However, history is complicated, and so are the historical figures in the historical whirlpool. General Guo was in Cao Ying at that time and was a high-ranking official in Cao Ying. It was reasonable for him to plan everything for Cao Ying and for himself.
Sympathy for our party does not mean that you will immediately follow the Red Army (haha, at this moment, you are "following" the Red Army with guns and cannons). Liu Xiang's stake in "preventing the Communists from entering Sichuan" is also closely related to his own well-paid senior officials. , it is natural for him to work hard.
As soon as Guo Xunqi came prepared, the battle took a different shape.
The former guard camp of the Guo Brigade Tang Regiment was occupying the position, and its footing was not stable. Suddenly, it was violently beaten and charged by the Fifth Red Army Corps. It felt overwhelmed and the position was shaken.
Yuan Zhi, the commander of Guo's 7th Regiment that followed, while letting the main force of the regiment seize the high ground on the left wing of Fenghuangzui, also ordered the second avant-garde battalion of the regiment to run to reinforce the Tang Regiment and seize the high ground on the top of the camp on the north side of the road.
The Second Battalion of the Yuan Regiment, which occupied the roof of the camp, fired fiercely with machine guns and mortars at the troops of the Fifth Red Army Corps who were attacking the Tang Regiment's vanguard camp, and the Tang Regiment's position was finally determined.
At this time, Yuan Tuan Lingjian, who was detouring around Jianshanzi , stood out. After a melee, the enemy troops of the Fifth Red Army were cut off from the main force of the army, and the troops of the Fifth Red Army retreated in chaos. At
15, the main force of the Tang regiment entered the Qinggangpo area. The Sichuan army's strength increased and they immediately turned from defense to attack. The fifth Red Army Corps stubbornly blocked the fight and the battle was stalemate.
Guo Xunqi, who was in Fengcunba, heard the sound of gunfire in front and became anxious. He called Liu Xiang urgently to urge all ministries to attack Tucheng.
When night fell, the sound of artillery started again. Guo was restless and sent his left and right officers up the mountain to observe the battle. They either excused themselves because of illness or said that the night was dark and unpredictable. Guo was helpless and urgently ordered Fu Nan's ninth regiment to prepare food at five o'clock and go out to join the battle at dawn.
html At 018 hours, the Zhang Yizhai Regiment of Pan Zuo Brigade detoured around Qinggangpo from the southeast, and suddenly encountered the Fourth Red Division, which was originally planning to "assault the enemy's left back", on a land ridge 5 miles away from Longxing Field, and a fierce battle broke out between the two sides.This situation was also beyond the expectations of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission. This means that the expected idea of "circuiting the enemy's left flank and cutting off the enemy's rear" has been difficult to realize.
At dawn, Guo Xunqi climbed to the top of Hanpeng'ao Mountain to observe the battle and commanded. He heard a sudden burst of gunfire from the direction of Maomaoyan on the right. This was the Lingjian camp being violently counterattacked by the Fifth Red Army Corps.
Maomaoyan Mountain stretches straight through Fengcun Dam. If it is captured by the Red Army, Guo Xunqi's headquarters will be in danger of being lost. Guo immediately sent pistol battalion commander Guo Wenjiong to send a company for reinforcements.
The pistol battalion is well-equipped. Each company has 120 20-ring speed machines and 8 "flower mechanisms". The short-term firepower is blazing. Ling Jian has acquired this elite soldier, and the position has become stable.
At about the same time, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and others also climbed to the top of a hill called "Dadu Mountain" in the northeast corner of Tucheng to observe the battle and command. Dadu Mountain is 1,000 meters above sea level. It is a bare mountain top and you can clearly overlook the foot of the mountain.
When the fighting was at its most intense that day, Zhu De went directly to the Fourth Division of the Third Red Army to supervise the battle.
In the early morning, Peng and Yang commanded the main force of the Fifth Red Army Corps and the First Division of the Fourth Division of the Third Red Army Corps. With the support of mountain artillery and mortar fire from the artillery camp of the Third Red Army Corps, they launched another fierce attack on Guo Bu's Tang Regiment and Yuan Regiment.
The Tang regiment retreated without support, which affected the Yuan regiment. Yuan Zhi, shirtless and holding a sword, supervised the formation and finally stopped the rout.
Upon seeing this, Guo Xunqi successively sent the second company of the pistol battalion to the Yuan regiment and the third company to the Tang regiment. He also ordered the heavy machine gun company of the machine gun battalion to set up heavy machine gun on the hillside of Hanpeng'ao, blocking the road and strictly prohibiting officers and soldiers. Back away.
html At around 08:00, the two regiments of the Sichuan Army's Liao Ze Brigade arrived at Qinggangpo, intercepted the Red Army that was about to make a detour to the left wing of Guo Brigade, and joined Guo Ze's Brigade to fight in the direction of Yuan Zhi's Regiment. Pan's Brigade's Tang Mingzhao Regiment also joined Guo's Brigade in the direction of Tang Yinghua's Regiment.
The Red Army fought vigorously against seven regiments of Guo, Pan and Liao's 3 brigade, focusing on the Tang Yinghua regiment of Guo's brigade, and defeated them many times. They also fought again with the defeated troops who were driven back by Yuan Zhi with his shirtless knife.
In the afternoon of the battle, Jianshanzi, which Yuan Tuan Lingjian and his battalion had seized, had not been captured. The progress of the Red Army was limited and gradually weakened.
As reinforcements arrived on the battlefield one after another, the Sichuan army counterattacked intensified and once approached the location of the former enemy headquarters of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission.
This place is less than two kilometers away from Tucheng Town and the ferry. Once occupied, the Sichuan army can overlook the central Red Army reserve assembly area and directly target the Red Army headquarters with mortars.
The Central Red Army has no way to retreat and no danger to defend, and will be forced to fight the enemy against the enemy. In this case, the situation must be unimaginable.
At this time, the Second Red Division, which was rushing from Yuanhou (today's Yuanhou) to the Tucheng Shuishiba assembly area, had not yet arrived, and the situation was quite critical.
In desperation, Mao Zedong urgently ordered Chen Geng and Song Renqiong to lead the Military Commission cadres into battle.
Cadre Corps is a flower of the Central Red Army. Its members are all young company and platoon cadres with rich combat experience. The guys are handsome and well-dressed. Many of the "flower agencies" also have a sharp saber in their hands, and they all have a knives on their heads. German style helmet. The first and second battalions of the
Cadre Regiment equipped themselves with bayonets. Under the cover of mortars and heavy machine guns commanded by the Special Branch Battalion Commander Wei Guoqing, they shouted all the way and launched a swift and violent counterattack against the Sichuan Army. After several brutal hand-to-hand fights, the enemy troops were finally driven away. retreat.
The , 3rd Red Army, , and 5th Red Army, who were fighting hard, received this great help. Their morale was greatly boosted and they took advantage of the situation to launch a counterattack, pushing the front lines of both sides in reverse direction.
The position of Guo Brigade Tang Regiment in the low-lying area was once again shaken. Wang Qingquan, commander of the third company of the Pistol Battalion sent by Guo Xunqi to help, was also captured by the Red Army.
Chen Geng, who had made great contributions in the Battle of Tucheng
By this time, Guo Xunqi also felt exhausted. Rifle bullets were already flying towards his command position. At this moment, his reserve team had been reinforced one after another and entered the battle, and there were no more troops around him. Only one guard company remained.
With no choice but to do so, this "Guo Mangwa" also began to think of quitting and began to draft a retreat plan in her diary.
Everyone who heard that the brigade commander wanted to retreat was in favor, but some people were worried that the positions of both sides were intertwined, and a hasty retreat would cause confusion among the troops. The Red Army is an expeditionary force with limited ammunition. As long as we fight hard and wait for reinforcements, our army will be sure of victory...
Guo Xunqi has the demeanor of a general. He nodded his head in agreement. At that moment, he made up his mind and strictly ordered his troops to "fight hard. "Fight with the enemy at the risk of death", no matter the officer or the soldier, as long as he takes a step back, he will be shot on the spot without asking the reason!
At the same time, he sent a message to Liu Xiang and Pan Wenhua to urgently order the Sichuan troops to rush towards Tucheng to encircle the main force of the Central Red Army. At the same time, he sent people and cavalry to Pan Zuo Brigade to borrow ammunition and supplies to meet the urgent need.
At this moment, Chen Guang and Liu Yalou had led the troops of the Second Red Division to Shuishiba. The Central Revolutionary Military Commission immediately informed the front commander and sent a telegram: Our Second Division will join the assault on the Fifth Red Army Corps at exactly 14:00!
Chen Guang
The Military Commission is determined to use the Second Red Division, the Fifth Red Division, the Fifth Red Army Corps and the Military Commission Cadre Group to eliminate the enemy Guo in front of them, and take advantage of the victory to pursue eastward, and then cooperate with the Fourth Red Division to eliminate the enemy Pan. At
14, the main force of the Central Red Army launched a full-line attack. The wave of attacks became higher and higher. The Sichuan Army was shaken across the board and had to shrink near Fengcunba. The Red Army's front was completely consolidated and continued to counterattack. By dusk, several lost positions were recaptured one after another. The top of the mountain.
However, on the evening of the 28th, several heads of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission held an emergency meeting at the Tucheng Chamber of Commerce. Mao Zedong advocated withdrawing from the fighting, temporarily abandoned the plan to "cross the Yangtze River north", and crossed the Chishui River westward to Syria (Yong). Advance along the ancient (Lin) area.
Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Chen Yun, Wang Jiaxiang, Zhang Wentian, etc., who were entrusted by the party to "make the final decision", immediately seconded the proposal. Without any argument or quarrel, everyone quickly reached a consensus: the entire army immediately detached themselves from the enemy lightly and quickly moved from the vicinity of Tucheng. Cross the Chishui River and head west.
Mao Zedong's decision to make this "change plan" on the spur of the moment was very wise.
Although "Guo Mangwa" himself is afraid of "if we fight for a long time, we will be shot to the ground", but if the leaders of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission insist on fighting the battle of Qinggangpo to the end, they may even be together. Even if the main force of the Central Red Army works harder and can annihilate Guo Brigade on the 29th, it will not help the overall situation and will only make itself more and more dangerous.
At that time, in addition to the 9 regiments of the Sichuan Army in Qinggangpo and nearby areas, in addition to the 9 regiments of the Guo Brigade, Pan Brigade and Liao Brigade, there were 15 regiments of the Sichuan Army that would arrive in two or three days. This did not include the Central Army's troops departing from Guiyang. .
If the Central Red Army is really stuck in Tucheng by Guo Xunqi, then it will not be you who are going to "annihilate" them, but they will be "annihilated" by you!
At 3 o'clock in the morning on January 29, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission issued an order: "Our field army plans to break away from the enemy before dawn on the 29th and cross the Chishui River westward to the south of Gulin."
Although "crossing Chishui" is hasty. However, the Central Red Army's retreat organization work should be said to be quite orderly, and the cover battle was also conducted in an orderly manner.
html During the day on the 29th, the Qinggangpo area was very lively with the roar of guns and artillery. When the Red Army was about to withdraw, they carried out two decent attacks. Even Yuan Zhi, the commander of the 7th Regiment of Guo Brigade, who was commanding the operations on the front line, did not It was obvious that the Red Army was about to retreat.
Zhu De and others only crossed the Chishui River with the rear guard troops after all the troops had withdrawn from the battle. In the evening, when Guo Xunqi's troops entered Detucheng, there was no trace of the Red Army and the pontoon was destroyed.
Guo Xunqi was relieved and happy at the same time. He was promoted and made a fortune:
Liu Xiang issued an order to promote him from "major general brigade commander" to "model division lieutenant general commander". Yuan Zhi, commander of the 7th Regiment, was also promoted to "major general brigade commander" due to his meritorious service. Officers above the regiment level who participated in the war were each awarded 10,000 oceans, and officers below the battalion level were awarded between 1,000 and 5,000 oceans according to their rank. Each soldier was awarded ten pieces of gold.
Although the battle of Tucheng was a "defeat" for "Zhu Mao", a detailed calculation of the head count was not a "victory" for Liu Xiang: the Red Army and the Sichuan Army each suffered more than 2,000 casualties in this battle.
What the Red Army lost was the backbone of Jiangxi, and what Liu Xiang lost was also the elite of his model division.
"Zhu Mao" frankly stated that "defeat" meant that it fought a battle of attrition and failed to achieve the expected goal of crossing the Yangtze River north. The Sichuan Army's boast of a "great victory" was only because Guo Lu was lucky enough to escape and did not become the "Zhu Mao" table. Serve a feast.
"Fu Gong" was also sweating coldly after this battle. At that time, Guo Xunqi judged that the Red Army passed through Tucheng and consumed a lot of ammunition and suffered a lot of casualties, so he hoped to lead the army across Chishui to pursue victory.
Unexpectedly, Guo Xunqi's suggestion was politely rejected by Liu Xiang: leaving a way for the Red Army to survive is leaving a way for himself to survive.
After that, under Liu Xiang's secret order, even if the Central Red Army entered Sichuan, the Sichuan Army and "Zhu Mao" basically never had such bloody "close contact". This unexpected gain was something that Mao Zedong and others did not expect. .
