年官网网站, written in the pre-Qin period, first recorded the incident of "Tang Dynasty defeating Xixia ":
In the past, they were benevolent in Xixia, and were not military, and the city was not built. The warriors had no position. They were favored but were willing to reward, but they were begging but could not reward. The Tang clan attacked it, but the city was not guarded, and the warriors were not used, and the Western Xia was destroyed.
means that the Xixia Kingdom did not attach importance to national defense, and was eliminated by the "Dang Family".
"Baowuzhi·Miscellaneous Notes" also has similar records:
In the past, Xixia Ren left his troops, but the city was not built, and the warriors had no position. The Tang Dynasty attacked him and the Western Xia died.
The "Xixia" mentioned here is the "Xiyi" in oracle bone script, which refers to the Taosi site in Shanxi Province. This is something that many people can reach a consensus and is in line with the facts.
Taosi Observatory
But for the understanding of "Dang Family", many people think that "Tang" is " Tao Tang Family ", which is the tribe of Yao Emperor . ——The problem lies here.
The "Dang Family" here definitely does not refer to the "Tao Tang Family". There is a saying in "年年年年年 ", which shows that this "Tang" is a tribe that often had wars with Emperor Yao.
"Yao" and "Tang" are two tribes that often have wars
"Zuo Zhuan·Zhao Gong's First Year": " In the past, Gao Xin's had two sons, Bo was Yanbo , Ji said Shishen, who lived in a vast forest and could not be able to work together. He searched for wars every day to fight each other. The emperor was not good enough, and moved to Yanbo in Shangqiu , which was the chief of the Chen. The merchant was Because, Chen is Shang Xing. He moved to Daxia and was mainly involved. The Tang people were the reason, to serve Xia Shang, and the season was Tang Shuyu . "
This passage means: Gao Xin's Emperor Ku has two sons, the eldest son is named Yan Bo (Qi), and the youngest son is called Shishen (the tribe of Emperor Yao). The two brothers (two tribes) often fight and wars often occur. Emperor Ku couldn't bear it anymore, so he sent his eldest son Yanbo to Henan Province, forming Shang; he sent his youngest son Shishen to Shanxi Province (Taosi site), forming Tang. The first time Tang was conquered by Xia ( Yu Shun ), the second time was conquered by Shang ( Zu Yi ), and the third time was ruled by Zhou (Tang Shuyu).
Archaeological evidence that the Taosi ruins have indeed been conquered by other tribes twice.
In other words, the Taosi site has experienced four historical periods: Tang, Yu (Xia), Shang and Zhou dynasties.
" Zhu Secretary Nian " said that "Shun imprisoned Yao in Pingyang and took the throne" is a historical event in which the Shun regime replaced Yao regime.
The "Tang attack on Xixia" in pre-Qin documents is this historical event in which Yu (Xixia) was conquered by Shang.
In other words, the "Tang" in "Tang attacked Xixia" refers to the Shang tribe, and the "Xixia" refers to the tribe of Yu Shun.
How can proof that "Tang" represents the merchant tribe? How can we prove that the Yu Shun regime is the "Western Xia"?
first proves that "Tang" is "Shang"
On the bronze ware of Shang Dynasty , there is an inscription "Tang name Zu Yi (Tang Owl Zu Yi)" which shows that the Shang Dynasty royal family at that time called themselves "Tang".
Inscription: Tang Dynasty name Zu Yi (Tang Owl E)
The surname of the Shang Dynasty royal family was originally the "number (owl)" representing owls. In order to eliminate the "owl worship" of the Shang Dynasty survivors, the two people changed the "number" representing owls to "zi", which caused people to later believe that the surname of the Shang Dynasty royal family was "zi".
proves that "Shun" is "Xia"
Shun Emperor comes from Dongyi Youyu family, and Youyu family is a northern ethnic group such as Fuyu and Sushen from ancient Northeast region . Their language is the ancient Jurchen .
"Shun" is the transliteration of the Jurchen word Shun. We know that the "sun" in English is sun. Coincidentally, the Jurchen shun (Shun) also means "sun".
" Mountains and Seas Jing " calls Shun " Dijun ", and the ancient pronunciation of "jun" is also shun, so "dijun" and " Di Shun " are the same person."Shan Hai Jing" describes Di Jun as the image of the sun god . The child born by Di Jun (Di Shun) and his wife are ten small suns. It can be seen that Shun represents the sun.
The character "Xia" in Xia Dynasty , the ancient pronunciation is similar to "Ha", is the transliteration of Sky Thai Khar, and also the meaning of "sun". In other words, "summer" is the sun, and the sun is "summer".
And "Shun" also means the sun. "Shun" and "Xia" both represent the sun, so people call Emperor Shun's regime "Daxia" or "Xixia". But Yu Shun's Xia (Taosi Site) is not the Xia ( Sanxingdui Site) established by Dayu in Sichuan area . There is a difference between the two.
Could the "Shang Tang destroy Xia" in "Records of the Grand Historian" be the "Tang attack on Xixia"?
Anyone who has been exposed to history knows that a man named " Shang Tang " overthrew the Xia Dynasty and established the Shang Dynasty.
Shang Tang was the founder of the Shang Dynasty, so the first one in the sacrificial genealogy of the Shang Dynasty royal family should be Shang Tang.
However, judging from the Zhou sacrificial genealogy of the oracle bone inscriptions of the Shang Dynasty, the first sacrifice of the royal family of the Shang Dynasty was " Shangjiawei (Shangjia)", and the seventh was Shang Tang ( Dayi ).
0 The Zhou Dynasty of the Shang Dynasty royal family
In other words, the Shang Dynasty royal family did not regard Shang Tang as the founder of the Shang Dynasty, but regarded Shang Jiawei as the founder of the Shang Dynasty.
So, people began to wonder and doubt the authenticity of "Shang Tang destroys Xia".
Furthermore, with the excavation of the Sanxingdui site in Guanghan, Sichuan, people gradually began to realize that the Xia Dynasty was not in Henan, but in Sichuan. According to the carbon 14 measurement, the time of Sanxingdui's destruction was in the late Shang Dynasty. If Sanxingdui is the capital of the Xia Dynasty, it means that the Xia Dynasty ended in the late Shang Dynasty. Then, the so-called "Shang Tang destroys Xia" is even more doubtful.
New clues
According to historical materials such as "Records of the Grand Historian", Shang Tang overthrew the last emperor of the Xia Dynasty Xia Jie .
"Zhu Secretary's Year" mentioned "Xia Jie attacked Minshan ", and "Tianwen" mentioned "Xia Jie attacked Mengshan". Many people think that this "Minshan (Mengshan)" is in the Sichuan region. In fact, it is in Shanxi Province, and the "Xia Jie's attack on Minshan Mountain" is likely to be the military action of the Shun regime to replace Yao regime.
Historical records show that Xia Jie attacked Minshan, and in order to seek peace, the people of Minshan gave Xia Jie two women: Wan and Yan.
. In addition, in historical records, Emperor Yao gave his two daughters to Shun, Ehuang and Nuying.
The ancients often used homophones to represent human names and place names. After careful inquiry, Ehuang's "huang (guang)" and "wang (gong)" can be regarded as homophones, while Neng's "yang)" and "yam" can be regarded as homophones. (There are similar ancient pronunciations in brackets)
It can be seen that the two women dedicated to Xia Jie by Minshan were the two daughters offered by Emperor Yao to Emperor Shun. In other words, Yu Shun is Xia Jie in "Records of the Grand Historian".
Xia Jie attacked Minshan, which was actually the Yu Shun tribe attacking the ruins of Taosi. In order to seek peace, Emperor Yao tribe presented two women. As a result, the two tribes married and formed an alliance between the Yao regime and the Shun regime.
This Yao and Shun Alliance is called "Lan Yi" in the oracle bone inscriptions of the Shang Dynasty. "Blue" is actually "dragon", which refers to Emperor Yao's tribe; "Yi" refers to the Youyu clan of Dongyi, which represents Emperor Shun's tribe.
During the reign of Shangwang He Danjia, military actions were often taken to "explode the blue bars", and Zu Yi, son of He Danjia, also took military actions to "explode the blue bars". This "destroying Lanyi" is the "Tang attacking Xixia" recorded in pre-Qin documents, which is a historical event in the Shang Dynasty's eradication of the Yu Shun regime.
In the process of eliminating the Yu Shun regime, it was not only the Shang Dynasty army that participated in the war, but other Fang Kingdoms were helping the Shang Dynasty to destroy the Yu Shun regime of Taosi site. This Fang Kingdom is likely to be the person of Shimao site . After destroying the Yu Shun regime, the Shang King did not live in the Taosi site, but allowed people from other countries to live in the Taosi site, that is, the people from the Shimao site that helped the Shang King fight.
Therefore, the Taosi ruins were called "Xiyi" by the Shang Dynasty and were later called "Daxia Ruins".
Why did "Tang attack Xixia" become "Shang Tang destroy Xia"?
The person who completely eliminated the Yu Shun regime (Lan Yi) was Shang Wang Zuyi. After the author's inquiry, Zu Yi's name is "Teng", which is basically homophonic with Shang Tang's "Tang". Shang Tang is called "Da Yi", and "Da Yi" and "Zu Yi" are also easily confused by people. In addition, Shang Tang also has a name called "Tang". Therefore, "Tang Dynasty defeated Xixia" is easily interpreted by people as "Shang Tang destroyed Xia".
Look at the "story" again:
According to records, Xia Jie was incompetent and injustice. Someone advised him, but he claimed to be the sun. So people said behind their backs: "When will your sun be destroyed? I would rather destroy it with you!"
Why did Xia Jie say that he is the sun? Because his name is "Sun" - Shun.
"Shan Hai Jing" says that Di Jun's ten sons are ten suns, which make people unable to live, so the sun shooting hero Dayi appears. In fact, Dayi should be Zu Yi. Yi (B) eliminated the sun that endangers people, that is, eliminated the Shun regime.
Another story of "Houyi Shooting the Sun" takes place at the Sanxingdui site. Houyi of the Dongyi Youqiong clan usurped the throne of Taikang. (You can refer to another article of mine " Houyi Shooting the Sun " and the Destruction of Sanxingdui".
"Shan Hai Jing" says that before Dayi eliminated the sun, he first destroyed several evil beasts that harmed the people. "Records of the Grand Historian" says that before Shang Tang destroyed Xia, he first destroyed several countries with close ties to the Xia Dynasty. According to oracle bone script, the Shang king destroyed several countries near the Blue Yi before "destroying Blue Yi". ——These clues all point the problem to one thing: Dayi shot the sun - Tang attacked the Western Xia - Shang attacked the Lanyi - Shang Tang destroyed the Xia.
Panlong
Appendix: Why is it said that "Xia Jie attacked Minshan" occurred in Shanxi
We know that our Chinese comes from the ancient "Ancient Chinese and Tibetan language", which means that ancient Chinese and ancient Tibetan language are the same sources. The ancient Tibetan language is the ancient Qiang language. The ancient pronunciation of "Min" in Minshan is mun, which comes from the ancient Qiang language mum, which is basically homophonic with the English moon. The moon in English represents the moon, while the mun in the ancient Qiang language means "sun". The mun in the ancient Qiang language is generally represented by the Chinese characters "wen", "wen" and "min", because the ancient pronunciations of these characters are all mun. "Minshan" means "Sun Mountain".
0 The two characters "Wenyi" unearthed from the Taosi site
The artifacts unearthed from the Taosi site have the two characters "Wenyi". "Wen" means mun, the sun, and "Yi" means the city. Therefore, the two words "Wenyi" mean "City of the Sun".
"City of the Sun" is the Taosi ruins, so "City of the Sun" must be not far from the Taosi ruins. In other words, the Minshan Mountain (Mountain of the Sun) attacked by Jie Xia was in Shanxi Province, not the Minshan Mountain in Sichuan.
