In the eyes of ordinary people, this is almost an impossible proposition!
During the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BC to 476 BC), as the power of the Zhou Dynasty weakened, the royal family declined and power fell. The vassal states conquered each other and wars were frequent.
During this period, disease, hunger, and war were the three-day enemies that directly affected life span. It is not easy for a person to live to be forty or fifty years old, let alone to be able to live to be over sixty years old and still be able to ascend the throne and give orders.
Therefore, Jin Wengong Chong'er, who was 62 years old, was not only one of the few miracles at that time, but also in the thousands of years of Chinese history.
He was repeatedly framed and fled into exile at the age of 42. According to "Historical Records", Jin Xiangong had five sons: Prince Shen Shen, the second son Chong'er, the third son Yiwu , Li Ji and his sister respectively. , Xi Qi, , Zhuo Zi.
In the fifth year of Duke Xian of Jin Dynasty (672 BC), when he conquered Lirong, he got Li Ji, the daughter of the king of Lirong. His appearance is beautiful. "Zhuangzi" describes Li Ji as: " Mao Qiang Li Ji, the beauty of people is that fish see it deeply, birds see it fly high, elk see it suddenly." Therefore, Jin Xiangong saw it. I love Liji very much.
In the twelfth year of Jin Xiangong (665 BC), Li Ji gave birth to a son Xi Qi for Jin Xiangong. After Jin Xiangong wanted to depose the prince, he said: "Quwo is where our ancestors' temple is, and Pucheng is close to Qiang." The enemy is the Qin State , and Qucheng is adjacent to the Zhai State . They are all important areas or frontier fortresses, and I am really worried if my sons are not allowed to guard them." So, the prince Shensheng was sent to garrison Quwo, and the second son was Chong'er was stationed in Pu, and his third son Yiwu was stationed in Qu. However, he, his favored Li Ji and his son Xi Qi still lived in Jiang, the capital of the country.
In the 21st year of Duke Xiang of Jin Dynasty (656 BC), Li Ji told Prince Shen Sheng that Duke Xiang of Jin once dreamed of his mother and asked him to quickly go to Quwo to offer sacrifices and bring the pork belly for sacrifice when he came back. is dedicated to Jin Xiangong. Prince Shen Sheng then went to Quwo to worship his mother and then offered the meat to Duke Xiang of Jin.
At that time, Duke Xiang of Jin happened to be out hunting, so Li Ji put the gizzard meat in the palace. Two days later, when Duke Xiang of Jin came back from hunting, Li Ji secretly sent someone to poison the meat, and then asked the chef to offer the meat to Duke Xiang of Jin. Duke Xiang of Jin wanted to eat the pork belly, but Li Ji stopped him from the side and said, "The pork belly comes from far away, you should try it."
Then she gave the pork belly to the dog, and the dog died; she gave it to the servant in the palace, and the servant also tasted it. died.
Li Ji cried and said: "Why is the prince so cruel! He even wants to kill his own father to replace him, let alone others? Besides, my father is old and will die sooner or later, so he can't wait to kill him! Li Ji then said to Jin Xiangong: "The prince did this only because of Xi Qi and me. I hope that my mother and son can hide in other countries or commit suicide early, so that they will not be abused by the prince in vain." Earlier you wanted to depose him, and I was against you; but now I know that you were absolutely wrong in this matter." After hearing the news, Prince Shen Sheng fled to the new city. Someone told Prince Shen Sheng that it was Li Ji who put the poison. If Prince Shen Sheng was asked to defend himself in front of Duke Xiang of Jin, Duke Xiang of Jin would definitely believe it. Prince Shen Sheng said that if Duke Xiang of Jin did not have Li Ji, he would have restless sleep and unwillingness to eat. If he pleads his case, Li Ji will definitely be guilty. Now that Jin Xiangong is old, Li Ji's guilt will make Jin Xiangong unhappy, which will make him depressed. Some people advised Prince Shen Sheng to flee to other countries. Prince Shen Sheng said that if he ran away with the reputation of killing his father, no one would accept him, so he would rather commit suicide. In the same year, on December 27, Prince Shen Sheng committed suicide in Xincheng.
At this time, Chong'er and Yiwu came to court. Li Ji was afraid that the two would expose their behavior, so she framed Prince Chong'er and Prince Yi Wu, saying that they were involved in Prince Shen Sheng's conspiracy. So Chong'er fled to Pucheng, and Yiwu fled to Qucheng.
In the 22nd year of Jin Xiangong (655 BC), under the bewitchment of Li Ji, Jin Xiangong was angry that Chong'er and Yiwu left without saying goodbye. He believed that the two were related to the prince's "conspiracy to poison", so he launched an army to attack Pu.Chong'er felt that he could not confront his father, so he fled to the country of Di where his mother lived. At this time, Chong'er was already 42 years old and began his 19 years of exile.
The disaster caused Xiao Qiang, who was displaced for 19 years.
Because Chong'er was of the Di Kingdom's blood after all, the Di Kingdom not only treated him with great courtesy, but also rewarded a captive woman Ji Wei who became Chong'er's wife. Chong'er lived in Di for 12 years, and Ji Kui gave birth to two sons for him. Chong'er originally thought that he could live in Di Kingdom for the rest of his life, but after all, he had royal blood flowing in his body, and the dispute over the throne of Jin Kingdom made it difficult for him to stay out of the matter.
In the summer of the 26th year of Duke Xiang of Jin (651 BC), Duke Xiang of Jin participated in an alliance meeting with the princes of various countries held by Duke Huan of Qi in Kuiqiu . Duke Xiang of Jin left late due to illness, and was dissuaded by Zhou Dynasty Prime Minister Kong, so he returned to Jin on the way. Duke Xiang of Jin's illness worsened, and he said to his important minister Xun Xi: "I regard Xi Qi as my successor. He is young and the ministers are dissatisfied. I'm afraid there will be trouble. Can you support him?" Xun Xi said yes. Duke Xiang of Jin asked, "What can I use as a certificate?" Xun Xi served as the prime minister and presided over the state affairs. In September of the same year, Duke Xian of Jin died and Xi Qi succeeded to the throne. In October of the same year, Rick , who was a minister of Han Dynasty, killed Xi Qi, and Xun Xi appointed Zhuozi, the fifth son of Duke Xian of Jin, as the king. In November, Rick killed Zhuo Zi again and Xun Xi committed suicide.
At this point, of the five sons of Duke Xiang of Jin, only Chong'er and Yiwu remained. After Rick killed Xi Qi and Zhuo Zi, he sent people to welcome Chong'er back to the court and succeed him. But he said: "I ran away against my father's orders. After my father died, he could not practice the rites of a son and attend the funeral. How dare Chong'er enter! The doctor would have appointed his son." In the end, Chong'er gave up the return trip for moral and etiquette reasons. Chance of succession. Therefore, Rick took back Yiwu, the third son of Duke Xiang of Jin, from Liang Kingdom to succeed him to the throne.
After picking up the "pie", Duke Hui of Jin (namely Yiwu, the third son of Duke Xian of Jin), was not at ease with Chong'er. He heard that Duke Mu of Qin and the Jin State had plans to kill him and replace him with Chong'er. Therefore, he immediately sent people to Di Kingdom to hunt down Chong'er. Chong'er escaped by chance and joined the Qi State via the Wei Kingdom. He then drifted to the Cao State, Song State, Chu State, and was finally taken in by Duke Mu of Qin.
In the spring of 636 BC, under the escort of the Qin army, Chong'er finally returned to the state of Jin and successfully succeeded to the throne as Duke Wen of Jin. At this time, 19 years have passed since he left Jin.
html In 019, Chong'er set out from Jin State and drifted almost a full circle in China at that time in a clockwise manner. Whether it was Di State in the north, Qi State in the east, Chu State in the south or Qin State in the west, he was everywhere. Being able to see Chong'er's drifting track is like "traveling all over China"! It is estimated that even Chong'er himself, who has gone through many vicissitudes of life, has to lament this!
Writing and martial arts, he dominated the princes for 8 years
It is no exaggeration to say that Jin Wengong Chong'er was framed and displaced many times throughout his life, and it was no accident that he gained a big position and dominated the princes in his later years. Mainly because he has a good wife to help him, knows how to repay his kindness, and keeps his promises.
has great aspirations "aiming everywhere". After Chong'er fled to Qi State, he met Qi Jiang, the most important woman in his life. If Qi Jiang's knowledge of general affairs, understanding of righteousness, ambition, foresight, and courage had not given him a heads-up, Chong'er would probably be in trouble. Make great achievements.
At that time, Duke Huan of Qi liked Chong'er very much. He treated him and his followers Zi Fei, Zhao Shei , Hu Yan and others very favorably. He also married his daughter Qi Jiang to him and gave him two sons. Ten four-horse carriages, and looked after him in every way. Seven years later, Chong'er was already very old. He just wanted to live the rest of his life in Qi and did not want to return to Jin at all. His followers Zifu, Zhao Shui and others were very dissatisfied with Chong'er's lack of ambition, but there was nothing they could do about it.
Soon after, Qi Huangong passed away, Qi Xiaogong became the king of Qi.Jin ministers Zifu, Zhao Shui, Hu Yan and others felt that Qi Xiaogong was not a virtuous man and would not accomplish much, so they went to the mulberry garden to discuss secretly to find a way to get Chong'er to leave Qi. Unexpectedly, one of Qi Jiang's maids happened to be picking mulberry leaves from the tree and listened to everything they said. The maid immediately told Qi Jiang about it.
Qi Jiang hoped that her husband could do a great career. He was afraid that the maid would leak the secret, so he killed her. Then he said to Chong'er: " A man should be ambitious in all directions and do great things.. Now this maid has heard your secret conversation, so I have killed her and silenced her." Chong'er was surprised when he heard this and said, "But I have no intention of leaving you, leaving Qi! I am already very old. , Do you still want to force me to do my career? If so, God is so unfair!" After hearing this, Qi Jiang knew that Chong'er didn't want to leave, so he stopped trying to persuade him and called Zifu and others. , discuss how to let Chong Er leave. They thought for a long time and finally came up with a plan: get Chong'er drunk and send him out of Qi.
"Repay kindness" to reward meritorious officials. After Duke Wen of Jin Chong'er succeeded to the throne, in order to repay those meritorious officials who followed him into exile, he rewarded those who fled with him and all meritorious officials. Those who had made great achievements were granted cities, and those who made minor achievements were awarded titles. However, before this matter was completed, there happened to be an internal turmoil in the Zhou Dynasty. King Xiang of Zhou sent people to report to Jin. Duke Wen of Jin planned to send troops to rescue, so he hurriedly ended the reward for the exiled heroes, which omitted One person is meson recommending .
Jiezitui has been following Chong'er into exile . It is said that he once cut off the meat from his thigh to cook soup for Chong'er to satisfy his hunger. However, after Chong'er returned to China and took power, the noble Jie Zitui not only did not regard himself as a hero, but instead lived in seclusion due to illness.
When Duke Wen of Jin rewarded the officials, Jie Zitui did not receive the reward, but he did not mind. His old mother and old disciples felt aggrieved for him, and they all advised him to argue with Duke Wen of Jin in order to obtain a reward. Jie Zitui resolutely refused to do so, and said: "Of the nine sons of Duke Xian, only the king (Jin Wen Gong) is alive now. If God does not allow the Jin State to be extinct, the Jin State will definitely have a monarch. From this point of view, presiding over the major affairs of the Jin State Who else can a person be if he is not a king? God has appointed him as a king. But they (referring to the ministers who have been granted the title) think that they are relying on their own strength. Isn't this deceiving themselves and others? Even if they are called thieves, how much more should they take the credit of God for their own merit? People regard things that are originally sins as legitimate, but the people above reward these people who deceive the world and steal their reputation. This is very strange. It's hard to deal with them." Jie Zitui's old mother appreciated her son's words and said, "Well, I will live in seclusion with you." So the mother and son hid in Mianshan.
People who respected Jie Zitui felt deeply aggrieved by this incident, so they hung a book on the palace gate, which read: " The dragon wants to ascend to the sky, and the five snakes are assisting it. The dragon has ascended to the clouds, and the four snakes each have entered their own space." The snake complained alone, but was nowhere to be seen. ”
Only then did Duke Wen of Jin remember that Jie Zitui had retired to Mianshan, and he regretted it. So Jin Wengong issued an order: "Whoever can find Jie Zitui will be given the title of Minister and be given a million acres of land." But Jie Zitui never saw Jin Wen Gong again until his death. Wen Gong had no choice but to use the area around Mianshan as a nominal land to be pushed by Jie Zitu, and said: "I will use this to record my faults and at the same time commend good people."
There is also a legend that in order to force Jie Zi to push out of the mountain, Jin Wen Gong, Once he set fire to the mountain, Jie Zitui refused to leave the mountain and was burned to death together with his mother. In order to commemorate him, local people do not light a fire to cook on this day every year, but eat cold food. " Cold Food Festival " comes from this.
"step back" to keep his promise. When Chong'er went into exile in Chu State, King Cheng of Chu thought that Chong'er would do great things in the future, so he welcomed him with the courtesy of a king and treated him like a distinguished guest. One day, the King of Chu hosted a banquet for Chong'er. The two drank and talked in a very harmonious atmosphere.Suddenly the King of Chu asked Chong'er: "If you return to Jin one day and become the king, how will you repay me?"
Chong'er thought for a while and said: "My king, you have a lot of beautiful attendants, precious silks, rare bird feathers, ivory and animal skins, The land of Chu is rich in products. How can the Jin Kingdom offer any rare items to the king? "
The king of Chu said: "Young Master is too humble. Even so, you should show me something, right?"
Chong'er smiled. He replied: "Thanks to you, if I can return to my country to preside over the government, I would like to be friendly with your country. If one day, a war breaks out between Jin and Chu, I will definitely order the army to retreat first. (Note: She, in ancient times, Marching at intervals of thirty miles), if I still cannot get your forgiveness, I will fight you again."
In 633 BC, the armies of Chu and Jin really met and fought. In order to fulfill his promise, Duke Wen of Jin ordered the army to retreat ninety miles and stationed in Chengpu. When the Chu army saw the Jin army retreating, they thought the enemy was afraid and immediately pursued them. The Jin army took advantage of the Chu army's weakness of being proud and underestimating the enemy, concentrated its forces, defeated the Chu army, and won the Chengpu Battle.
In May of the fifth year of Duke Wen of Jin (632 BC), Duke Wen of Jin presented the prisoners of Chu to King Zhou Xiang. Duke Wen of Zheng presided over the ceremony for King Zhou Xiang. King Zhou Xiang entertained Duke Wen of Jin with sweet wine and persuaded Duke Wen of Jin to drink. King Zhou Xiang ordered Prince Hu to appoint Duke Wen of Jin as the leader of the princes, and rewarded him with a large chariot, a red bow, a hundred red arrows, ten black bows, a thousand black arrows, and a bottle of fragrant wine. Gui Zan and three hundred warriors. The Marquis of Jin thanked him many times, and finally accepted with a salute. King Zhou Xiang wrote "The Order of the Marquis of Jin Wen", and now Jin Wen Gong dominates!
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