[One Hundred Years of the Founding of the Party] Party History and Tiantian Studies · September 16

important discussion

September 16, 1949

Xinhua News Agency published the editorial "Six Commentary White Paper" written by Mao Zedong. The editorial refuted Acheson's absurd thesis that the Chinese revolution was due to too much population, and pointed out: Did the revolution happen because of too much population? There have been many revolutions in ancient and modern times in China and abroad. Are they all due to too much population? Are the many revolutions in China over thousands of years also due to a large population? Was the anti-British revolution in the United States 174 years ago also due to a large population? Acheson’s knowledge of history is zero, and he has not even read the United States Declaration of Independence. The anti-British revolution in Washington and Jefferson was because the British oppressed and exploited the Americans, not because of American overpopulation. The Chinese people have overthrown their own feudal courts because they oppressed and exploited the people, not because of overpopulation. He also pointed out: Among all things in the world, man is the first precious thing. Under the leadership of the Communist Party, as long as there are people, any miracle on earth can be created. We believe that revolution can change everything. A new China with a large population, rich products, rich life, and prosperous culture will not take long to come. All pessimistic arguments are completely unfounded. It was also pointed out: From the Opium War in 1840 to the eve of the May 4th Movement in 1919, for a total of more than 70 years, the Chinese had no ideological weapons to resist imperialism. The Russian Revolution of 1917 awakened the Chinese. The Chinese learned Marxism-Leninism and gave birth to the Communist Party. This was a great event. Since then, China has changed direction. The western bourgeois culture will be defeated when it encounters the new Marxist-Leninist culture that the Chinese people have learned, that is, the scientific outlook on the universe and the theory of social revolution. The reason why Marxism-Leninism came to China to have such a big effect is because China's social conditions have such a need, because it is connected with the practice of the Chinese people's revolution, and because it is mastered by the Chinese people. If any thought is not connected with objective and practical things, if there is no need for objective existence, if it is not controlled by the masses, even the best things, even Marxism-Leninism, will not work. We are historical materialists who oppose historical idealism.Since the Chinese learned Marxism-Leninism, the Chinese people have shifted from being passive to being active in spirit. From then on, the era of despising the Chinese and despising Chinese culture in modern world history should be over. The great victory of the Chinese People’s War of Liberation and the People’s Revolution has revived and is reviving the culture of the great Chinese people. This kind of Chinese people’s culture has surpassed the entire capitalist world in terms of its spirit. This editorial is included in the fourth volume of "Selected Works of Mao Zedong", entitled "The Bankruptcy of the Idealist Conception of History".

September 16, 1956

Zhou Enlai delivered the "Report on the Proposals for the Second Five-Year Plan for the Development of the National Economy" at the Plenary Session of the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. The report summarizes four lessons learned from the implementation of the "First Five-Year Plan": First, the development speed of the national economy should be reasonably regulated according to needs and possibilities, and the plan should be placed on a positive, stable and reliable basis to ensure the national economy. Development in a more balanced manner. Second, we should combine key construction with comprehensive arrangements so that all sectors of the national economy can develop proportionally. Third, reserve forces should be increased and the material reserve system should be improved. Fourth, the relationship between economy and finance should be handled correctly. Our fiscal revenue must be built on the basis of economic development, and our fiscal expenditure must first ensure economic development.

The report elaborated on the basic tasks of the "Second Five-Year Plan" and pointed out: The main requirement of my country's socialist industrialization is to basically build a complete industrial system within about three five-year plan periods. Such an industrial system can produce all kinds of major machinery and equipment and raw materials, which basically meets the needs of my country's expansion of reproduction and the technological transformation of the national economy. At the same time, it can also produce a variety of consumer goods to appropriately meet the needs of the people's continuous improvement in living standards. The report also discussed in detail twelve issues that affect the overall situation of economic construction, including the relationship between accumulation and consumption, the development of a variety of agricultural economies, and the reform of the economic management system. In particular, the issue of "better use of the law of value" is put forward, pointing out that under the leadership of the unified market of the country, a part of the free market will be organized in a planned way; within a certain range, self-produced and self-sold products will be implemented; for some For daily-use industrial products, the purchase method will be implemented; for all commodities, the price evaluation method will be implemented according to quality.and many more. Taking these measures will not only not destroy the country's unified market, on the contrary, it will play a beneficial supplementary role to the country's unified market. This report provides a preliminary summary of the implementation of the "First Five-Year Plan" and the experience of countering adventurous advancement. It emphasizes that the speed of national economic development should be reasonably regulated according to needs and possibilities, and the plan should be placed on a positive, stable and reliable basis. Ensuring a more balanced development of the national economy initially reflects the party's correct understanding and grasp of the laws of economic construction. This report is compiled and included in the second volume of "Selected Works of Zhou Enlai".

On the same day, Deng Xiaoping delivered the "Report on Amending the Party's Constitution" at the Plenary Session of the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, which comprehensively summarized the experience and lessons of party building. Regarding the construction of the ruling party, the report pointed out: The status of the ruling party puts us in the face of new tests. It is easy for our comrades to become bureaucratic and to foster a sense of pride and complacency. The danger of being divorced from reality and the masses is greater than in the past. To this end, in addition to strengthening the ideological education of party members, it is also necessary to make appropriate regulations in the state system and party system, so that the party’s organization and party members must be strictly enforced from the inside of the party and from the masses and people outside the party. Supervision.

Regarding the party’s mass line, the report pointed out: The mass line is a fundamental issue in our party’s organizational work, a fundamental issue in the party constitution, and requires repeated education within the party. The mass line has two meanings. On the one hand, it believes that the masses of the people must emancipate themselves, and that the entire task of the party is to serve the masses wholeheartedly. On the other hand, it believes that the correctness of the party's leadership work depends on whether it can adopt the method of "coming from the masses and going to the masses".

Regarding the party’s democratic centralism, the report pointed out: Democratic centralism is the fundamental organizational principle of our party, and it is also the application of the mass line in the party’s life. The party is a fighting organization. Without centralized and unified command, it is impossible to win any battle. All measures to develop democracy within the party are not intended to weaken the party's necessary concentration, but to give it strong vitality. Base. Collective leadership must also be combined with individual responsibility. On the issue of party unity and unification. The speech report pointed out: The unity and unification of the party is one of the most important issues in party building. Our party has played a leading role in all aspects of national work and social activities. To consolidate the unity of our party and maintain the unity of our party is not only the interest of our party,It is also the interest of the people of the whole country. In order to maintain the party's unity and unity on the basis of Marxism-Leninism, and to help comrades overcome shortcomings and correct mistakes in a timely manner, it is necessary to greatly develop inner-party criticism and self-criticism. This report is an important document on strengthening the building of the ruling party when the Chinese Communist Party has entered the period of comprehensive socialist construction. This report is included in the first volume of "Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping".

September 16-18, 2019

Xi Jinping inspected in Henan. On the 16th, he came to the Martyrs Cemetery in the capital of the Eyu-Anhui-Su District in Xinxian County, Xinyang City to pay homage to the Revolutionary Martyrs Memorial Hall. He emphasized that the first stop of the inspection was the Martyrs Cemetery in the capital of the Hubei, Henan, Anhui and Soviet regions. The purpose was to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, to cherish the memory of revolutionary martyrs and to comfort the heroes of the revolution. Every time I visit an old revolutionary area, I always pay my respects to the memorial sites of revolutionary history. I want to warn all comrades in the party not to forget how the red regime came, how the new China came, and how the happy life of today came. Declaring that the Communist Party of China will always hold high the red banner, firmly follow the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and continue to advance the cause pioneered by its ancestors. Then, he went to the Revolutionary Museum in the capital of the Hubei, Henan and Anhui Soviet Areas to learn about the revolutionary history of the Hubei, Henan and Anhui Soviet Areas. He emphasized that to carry out education on the theme of "not forgetting the original intention and keeping in mind the mission", party members and cadres should learn more about party history and New China history, consciously accept the red traditional education, constantly learn new things, and constantly perceive, consolidate and sublimate their ideals and beliefs. Revolutionary museums, memorials, party history museums, and martyrs' cemeteries are the red gene bank of the party and the state. It is necessary to tell the stories of the party, the revolution, the base, the stories of heroes and martyrs, strengthen revolutionary traditional education, patriotism education, and youth ideological and moral education, and carry on the red gene well to ensure that the red country will never change its color. After the visit, he came to the inner courtyard of the museum and met with representatives of the descendants of the local Red Army and the families of revolutionary martyrs. He pointed out that draught never forgets the digger. We must never forget the revolutionary martyrs and the people in the old areas. We must build the old revolutionary areas better so that the people in the old areas can lead a better life. It is necessary to do a good job in the old revolutionary areas and poverty-stricken areas, ensure the lives of the masses in the old areas, and let the revolutionary martyrs smile at Jiuquan. The descendants of the Red Army and the families of the revolutionary martyrs are persuasive and appealing to pass on the revolutionary spirit. The heroic stories of the ancestors should be told to everyone and the younger generation.Encourage people to follow the party unswervingly and strive for a better life.

September 16-18, 2020

Xi Jinping inspected in Hunan. On the afternoon of the 16th, he first visited Shazhou Yao Village, Wenming Yao Village, Rucheng County, Chenzhou City. In 1934, the Long March of the Red Army passed by here, leaving behind a touching story of "half quilt". Xi Jinping walked into the "Warmth of a Half Quilt" thematic exhibition hall to learn about the local strengthening of grassroots party building, the development of red tourism and red education. He pointed out that the "half quilt" story fully embodies the people's sentiments and the essence of serving the people of the Chinese Communist Party. During the Long March, Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out that the way out for the Chinese workers, peasants, soldiers and all the toiling people lies in the Soviet Red Army advocated by the Communist Party, and we will surely win. Today, we must strengthen our self-confidence on the road, fulfill the party’s oaths and promises, and share the same destiny with the people, and continue to walk the long march of the new era.

A review of party history

1948

September 16-24, East China Field Army carried out the Battle of Jinan and liberated Jinan.

1985

September 16th The Fourth Plenary Session of the Twelfth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in Beijing. The plenary session discussed and determined the principle of further realizing the replacement of new and old members of the central leading body, agreed to a request for a group of veteran comrades to no longer serve as members of the Central Committee, the Central Advisory Committee, and the Central Disciplinary Inspection Commission, and reported to the Party's National Congress.

Historical Moments

On September 16, 1919, under the auspices of Zhou Enlai, the Jiuwu Society held its inauguration meeting in the office of the Tianjin Student Union. The picture shows the site of the inaugural meeting (now No. 41, Caochang'an Hutong, Southeast Jiao Street, Nankai District).

Source: Website of the Central Party History and Literature Research Institute

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