During the Agrarian Revolutionary War, the main force of the Red Army withdrew from the central base area and spent nearly two years moving westward to the Shaanxi-Gansu Soviet area, traveling 25,000 kilometers. This great strategic transfer was called the "Long March" in history.
After more than 380 battles, 14 provinces in the motherland, 18 mountains, 24 rivers, snow-capped mountains, and grasslands, the Red Army has accomplished a great miracle in human history. In October 1936, the three armies of the Red First, Second and Fourth Front Army joined forces and ended the Long March.
In the process of the Long March, in early January 1935, after the Long March of the Red Army arrived in Zunyi, the famous Zunyi Conference was organized and convened in history. During the Long March, Luo Fu firmly supported Chairman Mao's military propositions. At the Zunyi meeting, he made important contributions to saving the party and the Red Army and realizing a strategic change in the military line.
After the Zunyi Conference, Chairman Mao returned to the central leadership circle and pointed out the right direction for the development of the Chinese revolution. Therefore, the Zunyi Conference is regarded as a major turning point in the history of the Chinese Communist Party.
At the Zunyi meeting, Luo Fu, who strongly supported Chairman Mao, went there?
Luo Fu
Luo Fu, a revolutionary, with excellent grades studying in the Soviet Union
Luo Fu was originally named Zhang Yinggao, also known as Zhang Wentian, from Nanhui, Shanghai. He was born in an ordinary farmer's home in 1900. His father is hardworking and capable, and his mother is smart and courageous. Such a simple education has helped him develop a simple and resolute quality. He respects and obeys the truth, and always insists that "the truth is in the hands of whoever is in the hands."
Lov entered the Nanjing Hehai Engineering College in his early years to study,Influenced by the progressive ideas such as 's "New Youth" , Luo Fu actively participated in the student movement in his youth, and went to Tokyo, Japan, and San Francisco, the United States to study and work respectively around 1920. After joining the party, he was sent to study in the Soviet Union because of his excellent grades.
With a strong belief in Marxism and socialism, Lov actively participated in the struggle on the philosophical front that was being carried out in the Soviet Union at that time. His studied philosophy in the Soviet Union, and his philosophical essays also reflected more of the philosophical struggles in the Soviet Union at that time.
Six years later, in 1931, Luo Fu returned to China from the Soviet Union. He was quickly entrusted with important tasks due to his pragmatic spirit, good style and practical actions. At the Fifth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee, Luo Fu was elected as a member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and secretary of the Secretariat of the Central Committee.
Later on the Long March, Luo Fu, Chairman Mao and Wang Jiaxiang exchanged views on the battle situation and the situation, especially on the issue of military command policies. The three people’s views became increasingly consistent. At a time when the life and death of the Zunyi meeting was at stake, Luo Fu resolutely chose to stand on the side of the correct line represented by Chairman Mao.
The long march, the prelude to the turning point
"The Zunyi Conference saved the party and the Red Army at a critical moment." This sentence is from Luo Fu's diary in 1943. In, written by hand.
September 1933-October 1934, the main force of the Red Army was forced to relocate in order to get rid of the danger of being besieged and intercepted, withdrew from the central base area, and began the Long March.
Chairman Mao, Luo Fu, and Wang Jiaxiang were invited to join together due to various coincidences. They started from Ruijin and gathered at Yudu to embark on the long march together.
Chairman Mao and Luo Fu met after Luo Fu entered the Central Soviet Area in early 1933.
In February 1934, Luo Fu moved to Shazhouba, where he worked and lived there. It just so happened that Chairman Mao at that time was also here to work and live.
The two people who cherish each other gradually become familiar with each other because of the closer distance. They take care of each other in life, discuss with each other in work, and seek solutions together. Luo Fu often invites Chairman Mao to attend and guide meetings.
Luo Fu was regarded as a literary youth at the time. He edited the publication "Struggle" . From January to February 1934, Luo Fu serialized Chairman Mao's investigation reports on Xingguo Changgang Township and Shanghang Caixi Township in his publication. At this time, he has very much recognized Chairman Mao.
Luo Fu also imitated Chairman Mao's method, started discussions with Chairman Mao, and studied the work of the grassroots Soviets in the same way. In April 1934, Luo Fu published "How the District Soviets Work" co-authored by the two.
On August 1, 1934, enemy planes bombed Ruijin, and Mao and Luo had to move to Yunshan Ancient Temple. Due to the defeat of the war against "encirclement and suppression", they were forced to leave this land where they had thrown their heads and blood, and their hearts were full of distress and resentment.
Before the Long March set off, Luo Fu and Chairman Mao often sat on stone benches, looked at the yellow pine trees in front of them, and talked about their own situation and the current situation of the war. Luo Fu confided in his discomfort when he was emptied of power, and Chairman Mao felt the same way. The many talks of Yunshishan have convinced Luo Fu that Chairman Mao's analysis is correct.
During the Long March, Chairman Mao, Luo Fu, and Wang Jiaxiang marched all the way,Talk all the way. At that time Chairman Mao was ill, and Wang Jiaxiang had not healed from his injuries. The two were carried on a stretcher, and Luo Fu rode forward together on a horse .
During the long journey, the three people have the opportunity to discuss and analyze the current events and the situation during the Long March in detail. In less than a month, the two had sincerely obeyed Chairman Mao.
On December 12, 1934, the Red Army held an emergency meeting in the Hunan Passage. Luo Fu informed Chairman Mao in advance of the serious casualties of the Red Army after breaking through the four blockades.
Chairman Mao participated in this meeting as an exception. He believed that the current intention of the Red Army’s second and sixth armies may have been seen by the enemy and set up an encirclement in advance. He suggested that the Red Army change its marching direction and move westward to Guizhou, where the enemy is. The troops are weak so that the Red Army can gain the initiative.
Luo Fu supported Chairman Mao’s proposal. This was the prelude to the Zunyi meeting to be held later.
On December 18th, the Red Army held a meeting in Guizhou Liping . Luo Fu once again firmly supported Chairman Mao’s strategic transfer of troops. However, the specific policy of the Red Army's operations is still in a state of stalemate and discussion.
Support Chairman Mao, the first protagonist of the Zunyi Conference
The Red Army continued to march westward. In a dense orange forest in Huangping County, Luo Fu and Wang Jiaxiang exchanged views on the current situation. They all expressed their worries about the future and destiny of the Red Army.
Wang Jiaxiang asked Luo Fu: "The goal of our transfer, where will the central government be set?"
Luo Fu said: "There is currently no definite goal. It won't work if we continue to fight like this. Let Chairman Mao come out. ! Chairman Mao has a way to fight, and there is a way better than us,"
Wang Jiaxiang relayed this to Peng Dehuai .Soon after Liu Bocheng and several other generals in the Red Army, Luo Fu's idea of recommending Chairman Mao to command the army spread like wildfire.
In fact, the Long March is here. The Red Army team has dropped from 86,000 at the time of departure to more than 30,000 . The future of the team is full of too many variables and dangers, and the reality is very harsh. At this time, the leadership group of the Central Red Army was already thinking about the question: Where should the Red Army go?
On January 1, 1935, the Red Army successfully crossed the Wujiang River. In the early morning of January 7, the vanguard of the Red Army occupied Zunyi. The enemy was left on the other side of the Wujiang River. This provided a valuable opportunity for the convening of the Zunyi Conference.
After the Red Army took the lead in occupying Zunyi, large troops entered the city one after another on January 9. The central leadership members were immediately busy preparing for the meeting. "Central Team Three Group" Chairman Mao, Luo Fu, and Wang Jiaxiang exchanged opinions and discussed the upcoming meeting. The main ideas of this discussion became the main outline of Luo Fu's report at the Zunyi Conference.
From January 15 to 17, 1935, the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee was held in Zunyi-this is the Zunyi meeting that determines the fate of the party and the Red Army.
The Zunyi meeting was first made by Bogu and Zhou Enlai made the deputy report.
According to the opinions communicated with Chairman Mao and Wang Jiaxiang before the meeting, Luo Fu made a report on the current military route and pointed out some problems. With Luofu's position in the party comparable to Zhou Enlai, his report can be said to be very important.
Then Chairman Mao gave an important speech for more than an hour, systematically and profoundly expounding the necessity and operability of transferring troops to Guizhou. Zhu De, Wang Jiaxiang and the leaders of the Central Red Army who were in command on the front line all agreed with Luo Fu's report and Chairman Mao's speech.
The Zunyi meeting decided to co-opt Chairman Mao as a member of the Politburo Standing Committee.Since then, Chairman Mao has entered the leadership core of the CPC Central Committee.
In the entire process of the Zunyi Conference, from incubation to convening, or implementation to implementation, Luo Fu can be regarded as the leading protagonist in front of and behind the Zunyi conference stage.
The successful convening of the Zunyi Conference finally formulated a correct political and military line, which laid the most important foundation for creating a new situation in the Chinese revolution and also played a key role in winning the Long March.
Luo Fu later in "From Fujian Incident to Zunyi Conference" , he recalled: "The Zunyi Conference saved the party and the Red Army, and actually started the establishment of a central leadership centered by Comrade Mao Zedong."
He also humbly attributed the achievements of the Zunyi Conference to Chairman Mao.
A humble gentleman, let the Xian insist on collective leadership
At the Zunyi meeting, Luo Fu was elected as the interim general secretary of the Central Military Commission.
The Long March team continued to go west. In August 1935, the Shawo meeting was held. At the meeting, Luo Fu proposed that Chairman Mao be in charge of the military and instruct the Red One and Four Front Army to join forces. At the Xiasiwan meeting in November of the same year, Luo Fu also suggested the establishment of a new Central Military Commission, appointing Chairman Mao as the Chairman of the Central Military Commission, and Zhou Enlai and Peng Dehuai as Vice-Chairmen.
During the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China from October 1935 to September 1938, Luo Fu always maintained a consensus with Chairman Mao, discussed everything with Chairman Mao, and they jointly issued instruction messages. Lofu has a humble attitude and has always insisted on collective leadership. Chairman Mao also once Kwa Lofu was the "Ming Monarch."
During the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee, although Luo Fu still presided over the meeting as the general secretary, after the meeting, he took the initiative to transfer party affairs to Chairman Mao. Love once said: "I am just a formal chairman.All major issues are decided by Chairman Mao".
On December 12, 1936, the Xi'an Incident broke out. Luo Fu responded to the Xi’an Incident in a timely manner. He held a meeting to discuss and formulate a policy. This made the Xi'an issue a peaceful solution.
Subsequently, the whole nation's War of Resistance against Japan broke out. In the continuous invasion of the Japanese army, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party began a united front. Luo Fu has actively and effectively resolved the internal coordination of the Red Army many times. , As well as major issues of foreign military strategy, always grasp the direction of the party.
In March 1943, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held a meeting to elect Chairman Mao as the Chairman of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and the Secretariat of the Central Committee. The party’s leadership was officially completed. Transition.
As we all know, Luo Fu is a scholar, not only founded the journal, after the founding of the People’s Republic, he also compiled "Selected Works of Zhang Wentian" . In fact, Luo Fu prefers thought to leading specific affairs. Research and cultural propaganda work. Therefore, "let the good people" to the chairman.
After retiring from the central leadership, Luo Fu focused on his favorite propaganda and education work, and served as the chief of "Liberation" Weekly. The position of person in charge, editor of "Communist", etc., has left a strong mark for the propaganda and education of our party.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Luofu went to work in the northeast of , which became at that time Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee of the People’s Republic of China, and concurrently served as the Organization Minister of the Northeast Bureau. With his efforts, the Northeast soon became the supply base of the Chinese Revolution and made outstanding contributions to the opening and construction of the Northeast base area.
After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Luo Fu transferred to diplomacy Department work,Served as the ambassador to the Soviet Union and the first deputy minister of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and made contributions to the diplomatic cause of the People's Republic of China.
Love in his later years is no longer as energetic and energetic as when he was young. The long-term diligence and thrift during Zhaoqing made him very weak.
Luo Fu wrote hundreds of thousands of words of notes and articles during Zhaoqing. With a corrected vision of only 0.2, he still insisted on writing every day, forming his lifelong thoughts into words, leaving behind the precious "Zhaoqing manuscript" .
In 1975, Luo Fu's physical condition was getting worse and worse, and his family went to Wuxi to concentrate on recuperating. Even so, Luo Fu often hobbled outside to observe people's sentiments , the vegetable market is his most frequent place .
In 1976, Luo Fu died of illness in Wuxi, Jiangsu. Luo Fu usually saves money and saves money, not for his relatives, but selflessly dedicated to the party and the people's cause.
On July 1, 1981, at the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Hu Yaobang gave a speech, including the name of Zhang Wentian, together with Chairman Mao, among the leaders of the party with outstanding contributions.
Conclusion
The Long March of the Red Army and the Zunyi Conference are great events related to the fundamental turning point of the Chinese revolution. Before and after the Zunyi Conference and during the work of the Central Committee, Zhang Wentian respected Chairman Mao, maintained Chairman Mao, and worked together with Chairman Mao, and survived the extremely difficult period of the Red Army during the Long March.
During this period, he has always been a strong supporter of Chairman Mao, and he has established indelible feats for the gradual establishment of Chairman Mao's position as the supreme leader of the whole party and the whole army.
The ultimate success of the Chinese revolution is not only the dedication of countless soldiers who threw their heads and shed blood on the battlefield,There are also the great contributions of those revolutionary pioneers who took care of the overall situation and did not seek personal gain in times of revolutionary crisis.
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