1. Features of selected text
" Permanent Life " is a metaphorical and argumentative essay created by writer Yan Wenjing in 1942. He started from the phenomenon and personal feelings and revealed that individual life is humble and weak, but as far as human beings are concerned, life is immortal, expressing the author's high praise for life and his open-minded and optimistic attitude towards life. At the same time, he warned people that the value of life lies in dedication and promoting people's progress. The writing is divided into three levels: first talk about life consciousness, then talk about life forever, and finally connect with real life and sing the triumphant song of life. Advance layer by layer, clear and well-organized. Through philosophical images and emotional narratives, the article expresses the author's praise of life, and provides us with a broad space for thinking about life.
As an argumentative essay, the article has profound philosophy, vivid and vivid, and has abundant emotions, and has the characteristics of general argumentative essays. It aims to reason, has clear views, clear ideas, and rigorous logic. It also has distinct uniqueness, mainly manifested in the following aspects.
1. A writing technique that suppresses first and then rises. The first part of the article starts with time and personal life being limited. The consciousness of life triggers readers' initial understanding of life, which is true and accurate, supplemented by figurative language, expresses people's helplessness and pity for life, and accumulates strength for the subsequent text to write about the magic and eternity of life, and sing the triumphant song of life. First suppress and then rise, the two form a sharp contrast, full of tension, bringing readers a strong reading impact. Comprehensively understand the essence of life and deeply understand the eternal meaning of life.
2. A changeable and full of emotional expression. The author sighed that time passed, and the wise man could do nothing about it, and his argument was pessimistic. The second paragraph turns the pen and sings the eternal immortality of life. This was the case 10,000 years ago, and it was the case 10,000 years later. From being pitiful to being moved by the magic of life, thanking for the miracle of life, and finally, enthusiastically praise life. The full text is emotionally transformed and completed in one go. The author's optimism, understanding and praise of life, shows the words between the lines and is extremely infectious.
3. Language is wise and rational, and has a figurative inheritance. As an argumentative essay that focuses on reasoning, the author uses philosophical images and emotional narratives to express his views. At the same time, the text combines narration, description and lyricism, and intersperses a lot of vivid and accurate metaphors, so that the reasoning is vivid and not boring and the language is vivid and timeless.
2. Unit positioning
This article and the first two teaching texts in this unit belong to the theme of emotional philosophy unit. In terms of style, the first two teaching texts are classic works in prose. One is a model of prose writing about people and recording events, and the other is a representative of prose that expresses one's aspirations through objects. This article is an argumentative prose. They each have their own characteristics, but they are both scattered in shape and spirit. They are representatives of different types of prose and have high literary value. Its writing style and language are very distinctive, and it is worthy of repeated appreciation and analysis, which helps to deepen and rationalize students' existing prose learning experience and broaden their horizons for learning prose. The content also has positive significance and is worth reading. It can help students open their horizons and gain indirect life experience, which is of great benefit to their growth. In terms of class type, the first two articles are teaching and reading texts, and this article is self-reading texts. This requires students to accumulate experience in learning the first two texts, under the guidance and demonstration of the teacher, and fully utilize the annotation and reading system, side-by-side and reading tips for independent learning, deepen the experience of prose learning, expand their horizons, improve their Chinese literacy, and gain humanistic influence.
3. Learning objectives
As an argumentative essay, while the author discusses reasoning, he uses the writing method of suppressing first and then promoting, and the easy-to-understand language to make people feel the eternal immortality of life. The author has an optimistic and positive attitude towards life. These unique features contain great textual value and teaching value, and the learning goals of this article are also generated and determined.
1. Read the text repeatedly, clarify the writing ideas, and grasp the central point of the text. When studying philosophical prose that focuses on argumentation, the main task is to grasp the principles explained by the author. The writing ideas of this article are clear and easy to sort out, and the writing ideas are clarified, and the central point of the article is about to come out.
2. Taste the language of the article that is both wise and vivid, rational and emotional. This article uses the writing technique of "to promote and suppress first". The essence of life is revealed in the previous stage, and a sharp contrast is formed in front and back, making the author's praise of life more prominent. Through repeated reading, I feel the writing of the text that explains the philosophy layer by layer, and feel the characteristics of the language expression of this article.
3. Understand the author's understanding of the essence of life, understand the humanistic connotation of the text, combine it with his own actual life, and gain unique insights into life. This article is short and concise, has strong thoughts and rich humanistic connotations. While grasping the author's central point of view, students should also combine their own life experience to understand the significance and significance of life, thereby improving students' ideological realm and forming a positive outlook on life.
4. Learning method
borrowing the entity, understand the truth from the text, and closely follow the text. Appreciation and reference, cooperative learning, and independent exploration are the overall learning strategies for learning this lesson. This article is a self-reading text. When teaching, it should reflect the characteristics of the self-reading text and prevent two extreme tendencies. First, the article is equivalent to teaching and reading the text with teachers, or even overseeing the work. The second is to let go of your hands and just let your students take care of themselves and hunt clouds. A more ideal classroom form should be based on the guidance and demonstration of the teacher, students should understand the literature, appreciate the truth through self-reading discovery, cooperative communication, savoring and understanding the truth through self-reading and discovery, enjoying cooperation and communication, and freely talking about the feelings; to improve their Chinese literacy and gain humanistic influence.
5. Learning process
combines the stylistic characteristics, learning goals, class type characteristics, etc. of this article. In order to prevent students from falling into the vast ocean of language and writing and losing their direction, the learning process of this article can be developed from the following aspects:
1. Problem import, and start thinking about life. Using the world's "three ultimate philosophy questions - who am I, where I come from, where I go", we will attract students' attention and thinking. At this time, middle school students were surprised and confused about people's birth. As they grew up day by day, their knowledge gradually became richer and their self-awareness began to awaken. Ideology began to fill the original fragile gap. They began to think and explore where a person came from and where he was going? who I am? Will I die? A series of unclear problems. This may make them anxious, worry, confusing, and suffering. The throwing of this question will surprise them to discover that the problems they are thinking about day and night are exactly the problems that great men and wise men are also exploring hard, which will resonate with them and stimulate their interest in learning this lesson. Then, the teacher took the opportunity to enter the study introduction of this article, and the author provided background information for the independent exploration of the following text.
2. Read the text for the first time and perceive the writing ideas. First, students read the text freely and circle out the keywords of the author's distinctive emotional attitude towards life in the text. Then group communication, class sharing, and clarify writing ideas. Argumental prose is mainly rational, and it is difficult for students to grasp this link when they first read it. It guides students to have easy-to-grasp emotional and attitude words. On the one hand, it simplifies the difficulty of their beginner philosophical prose and helps students overcome psychological barriers; on the other hand, it guides students to grasp the text as a whole, grasp the key points, and clarify their ideas. Teachers should guide students to circle while reading in order to grasp the context of their writing and lay the foundation for the subsequent exploration and learning.
3. Learn together is "poor" and form a self-study example. In the previous section, we have clarified the emotional lies of the author in each paragraph. In this section, we start with the "poor" in the first paragraph, let students read the first paragraph carefully, find the basis for the author to think we are "poor" in the article, aiming to guide them to discover the central sentence of this paragraph and understand the general meaning of the article. Next, guide students to accumulate famous sayings and poems related to the theme of time consciousness and short life, forming accumulation with the text, so that they can understand the author's statement that "the past time will never come back" more vividly and comprehensively, so that they can realize the value of time and life, and lay the groundwork for the following text to talk about the essence of life. Although this article is a self-reading text, this type of essay is a first time to come into contact with, and teachers should demonstrate and guide them. Use the first paragraph as a starting point to demonstrate for students and lay a solid foundation for the exploration of subsequent writing techniques.
4. Read the article yourself and explore the essence of life.Students independently learn paragraphs 2 to 5, outline the basis for emotional changes such as the author's touching, thanking, and praise in the relevant paragraphs, and talk about their own understanding based on the content of the paragraph. Group exchanges, class sharing. When the teacher communicates and shares with students, the sentences that the students discover are actually the central sentence of the passage, and then clarify the writing ideas, grasp the author's core views, and perceive the author's praise of life. Again, design student activities to connect the emotional sentences in the supplementary paragraphs of students to form an philosophical poem , read it affectionately, and use reading to understand the author's emotions. In this section, the teacher supplemented the creative background, allowing students to truly feel the difficulty and tenacity of life. In this session, students grasp paragraphs and central sentences based on the keywords, simplify the difficulty of learning philosophical prose, supplement the creative background, read philosophical poems together, accurately grasp the author's passionate emotions, open-minded and calm attitude towards life, and deepen the eternal theme of life.
5. Read the article again and appreciate the characteristics of the article. The teacher asked, "The author enthusiastically praised and praised life. Why did time mention at the beginning that it is easy to do and is born pitiful? What kind of writing method is this? What is the expression effect?" Guide students to clarify the writing method of ups and downs, compare it before and after, and the image of thinking about life is deeper, and at the same time, the writing has turbulent and touching hearts. The second step is to independently find or refine or visually sensible sentences for appreciation and exchange and sharing of class. On this basis, students write imitations to deepen their understanding of the views of the article. This link closely follows the characteristics of the writing of the article, perceives the characteristics of the technique of first suppressing the desire, appreciates the essence, goes into the subtleties of the words, deeply understands the author's thoughts, pays attention to students' expression and writing skills, and allows students to feel the eternal life in their self-expression. In order to make students' expressions vivid and accurate, teachers can expand the discussion of life in Bing Xin while analyzing the metaphorical sentences of the article, compare life to rivers flowing eastwards, small trees growing, etc.
