For the study of Buddhist philosophy, we must not only study the relationship between Buddhist original scriptures and origins, but also study the monks, historical scriptures, lamp records and scripture records with written records.

Zhang Shengli: We must be realistic and appropriately evaluated and viewed the Dunhuang materials

Recent photos of Zhang Shengli, the founder of the Long March of Culture,

The study of Buddhist philosophy should not only study the relationship between Buddhist original scriptures and origins, but also study monks, historical scriptures, lamp records and scripture records with written records. The history of Buddhism is the history of the emergence, development and circulation of Buddhism, as well as the study of the social conditions, religious culture, culture, etc. in ancient India before the emergence of Buddhism.

calligraphy works by Zhang Shengli, the founder of the Long March of Culture,

In addition, research on the spread and influence of Buddhism around the world is also needed. In Buddhist historical books, monks' biography is a relatively special content, and Buddhist monks' biography is relatively complete in our country. As soon as Buddhism was spread, some famous writers and translated biography appeared. Later, it gradually developed into classified dictionaries to distinguish them from other biography. And named it Monk Biography. The Monk Biography is a general term for recording the biography of monks who have contributed to Chinese Buddhism in ancient times. In the history of Buddhism, monks play a very important role, because monks mainly record the activities of monks, and these activities are carried out under certain historical conditions. Therefore, it will inevitably be related to all major events related to Buddhism, namely the rise and fall of Buddhism, the translation of classics, the establishment of books, the establishment and dissemination of sects, the establishment and dissemination of doctrines, as well as the rules and regulations, temple architecture, and mutual exchanges between Buddhism, etc. These will be reflected in the biography and become indispensable materials for the study of Buddhist history and Buddhist thought.

calligraphy works by Zhang Shengli, the founder of the Long March of Culture,

Among them, the famous ones are Southern Liang Monk Huijiao's Buddhist history book " Biography of the Empressed Monk ", also known as "Biography of the Empressed Monk Liang". The monks recorded in the Eastern Han Dynasty, from the tenth year of Yongping (67) to the eighteenth year of Liang Dynasty (519), were divided into seven subjects: master, lawyer, Zen master, divine power, fangjie, tutor, and simplified teacher. It is divided into four volumes of foreign wizards, including general wizards, supernatural powers and sects. Since then, "Continued Biography of the Great Monk" has been created in various dynasties of the Tang and Ming dynasties.

calligraphy works by Zhang Shengli, founder of the Long March of Culture,

Buddhism in the Song Dynasty underwent tremendous changes, and the imperial family of the Song Dynasty adopted more protection policies for Buddhism. Song Taizu After establishing Song Dynasty , the Zhou Shizong 's destruction order was abolished and the examination system for becoming a monk was also revised. Buddhism began to penetrate into social life from the aristocratic scholastics of the Tang Dynasty, and went from top to bottom to the people. The trend of secularization and popularization of Buddhism appeared, and lay Buddhist believers who practiced at home also began to appear.

With the rise of Song and Ming Neo-Confucianism , Buddhist thought in the Song Dynasty even became Confucian, and Buddhist doctrines and practice methods became more simple and popular. Among them, Zen and Pure Land Buddhism are the two most representative sects. In the early Song Dynasty Buddhism, it can be roughly divided into two major sects, namely the Vinaya School and the Zen School. The so-called "East and East divide ancestors, north and south different sects, namely law by taking precepts and seeing the principles and Zen by seeing the principles."

In order to improve its status, Zen Buddhism began to promote its own inheritance. Zen Buddhism describes the inheritance of Bodhidharma above . After the Gods came to the "History of Right and Mistake in the Southern School" and said that Bodhidharma was the eighth generation of the Kashyapa , he completely overturned the Zen Buddhism's saying that Navadharma was the first ancestor and Bodhidharma was the second generation (see "Lankavatara" written by Jingjue, Xuanzhemen) for the "Lankavatara" written by Jingjue of Xuanzhemen). "Biographies of Baolin" also talks about the issue of lineage. "The Record of the Authentic Dharma-Translation" pushes the Zen Buddhism from all the way to the Indian ancestors, and it is written according to the Zen Buddhism's own inheritance. In the Tiantai Sect, not only is the lineage different from them, but also the inheritance of India is not the same. Tiantai Sect has produced a series of works about its own inheritance. Justify your name.

In Zen Buddhism, there is another genre that is created by them, which is to log in to lights, lamps or transmission lamps, which means to pass on people through Dharma. If the lights are passed down from lights, they will never be destroyed. Zen Buddhism advocates "transmitting the mind with the heart", which is called the heart seal.The works of Lamp Records sprouted in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, while the official Lamp Records appeared after the founding of Zen Buddhism. They went through the cycle of dynasties and reached its peak in the Song Dynasty. Since then, the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties have inherited traditions, and the works of Lamp Records have been continued but not completed. In addition, there are sutras, which are the catalogs of Buddhist scriptures. Chinese Buddhism mainly translates classics, so the translation situations of all dynasties have been recorded. The scriptures are different from general catalogs. They also record the life of the translator and are classified according to chronological order and location. Materials such as the scriptures can also be read as translation history. It is very important. In addition to the scriptures, there are also materials such as notes and travel notes, which also need to be studied. The most important ones are The Eastern Jin Faxian's " Traveling to the World of Heaven" , Tang Xuanzang 's "Hidden Tang Western Regions ", Tang Yijing 's "The Biography of the South China Sea" , etc. There are many sources and historical facts about Buddhism, many of which are precious materials, and there are also some novels and poems, which also preserve some Buddhist doctrines, doctrines, thoughts and other aspects, as well as archaeological materials and relics. There are also quite a lot of Buddhist thoughts in Buddhist resorts, and there are even many thoughts that are quite precious, such as the Dunhuang Grottoes, which have now formed Dunhuang Studies . Regarding Dunhuang studies, we cannot regard them as above everything else, and think that if we do not understand Dunhuang studies, we cannot conduct Buddhist research. This is wrong. We can treat these materials as some supplements, but we cannot give an excessive valuation. For example, when studying Zen, you cannot regard the entire Dunhuang data as the entire Zen Buddhism. Some data originally had no influence or had any impact in history, but they were eliminated by history long ago. The discovery now is not very meaningful, and it can only be used as a supplementary information. We need to be realistic and appropriately evaluated Dunhuang’s information. Zhang Shengli, the founder of the Long March of Culture, was included in Zhang Shengli's Chinese Philosophical Thoughts series of monographs "The Great Way to the West".

Kang Qingzhuo recording and sorting out Xue Jinyin recorded

victorious works: "Auspicious Sutra", "The Great Blossom Prajna Paramita Sutra", "The Great Perfect Sutra", "The Bright Moon Shines Thousand Rivers", "The Virtue Sutra", "The Great Way of the Great Way", "The Great Walk", etc.