The State Council’s Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism held a press conference on December 13 to introduce the relevant situation of health management of key groups. Let’s take a look together—
pregnant and postpartum
What are the symptoms of infection in pregnant and postpartum ?
According to the domestic situation and international reports summarized by the national obstetrics and quality control expert group in China, after pregnant women are infected with the new coronavirus, the overall incidence, symptoms and course of the disease in are similar to those in the general population. The symptoms are mainly upper respiratory tract infection of , such as cough, sore throat, sneezing, nasal congestion, runny nose, general soreness, and fever. The main symptoms are these symptoms. There are very few severe cases of , so there is no need to panic, and the course of is basically 5-7 days . Perhaps judging from the current situation, the mutated virus strains in the south and north are slightly different. northern is slightly dry, the weather is relatively cold, and the condition is slightly severe, but the course of the disease is basically 5-7 days. The severe illnesses in individual cases are mainly related to underlying diseases, such as those with poor liver and kidney function, hypertension , and diabetes , so you can seek medical treatment in time.
Will pregnant women have an infection affect the fetus?
will be transmitted to the fetus after pregnant women are infected with the new coronavirus? Because the mother has a very good protective barrier such as placenta , so is almost not transmitted to the fetus. However, if it is postpartum, mothers and babies should still pay attention to isolation when they are together. It is best for mothers to have certain isolation from the newborn in space or wear N95. can breastfeed .
What should I do if pregnant women experience symptoms of fever or dry cough?
When pregnant women experience respiratory symptoms such as fever and dry cough, they can do nucleic acid test or antigen test to determine whether it is a new coronavirus infection. It may be more convenient to test at home antigen, but whether it is a new coronavirus infection or not, the symptomatic measures that need to be taken can be taken to drink more water and physically cool down. Choose Chinese medicine that pregnant women can use to treat symptomatically.
If you use to reduce fever, , and exceeds 38.5 degrees , you can use acetaminophen for treatment. This is relatively safe for pregnant women. Pay special attention. uses a single medicine for antipyretic drugs. Do not superimpose , which can reduce possible liver and kidney damage.
Especially for pregnant women, it is important to note that there are three monitoring . One of these three monitoring is body temperature , one is heart rate , and the other is blood pressure . Pregnant and mother friends prepare a thermometer and a heart rate blood pressure monitor. You must have your own basic blood pressure monitoring, and when abnormalities occur, you can detect them earlier.
It is particularly important to note that pregnant women in the late stage of pregnancy should also pay attention to to monitor fetal movements . In the late stage of pregnancy, they can monitor for one hour a day, and there will be more than three fetal movements per hour. If the symptoms of continue to have fever for more than 3 days, the fever-relieving medication does not improve, or the fetal movement disappears, and chest pain, , chest tightness, abdominal pain, etc., should contact the midwifery institution in time and seek medical treatment in time.
What should I do if an infected person or close contact appears around a pregnant woman?
If an infected person occurs around pregnant women, there is actually no need to panic. If the family is infected, it mainly depends on family conditions. should have a relatively isolated space in . Pay special attention to different meals, separate daily necessities as much as possible, disinfect the bathroom, and ventilate the space you usually live in.
If a colleague has positive , is the best to be able to work from home. If it is a work requirement, it must be in the same space at the same time. You should also pay special attention to the ventilation of the office space . In addition, must wear an N95 mask , which is particularly critical.In fact, for pregnant and mother friends, prevention is the most important thing in .
children
What medicines can families with children keep?
Families with children should appropriately store some commonly used emergency medicines for children, but it is not recommended to store a lot of medicines. If a lot of medicines are stored improperly, it may also lead to the child taking it accidentally.
recommended reserved drugs. The first category is antipyretic . Children often encounter fever. For children over 56 months of age, we can choose ibuprofen and acetaminophen , one of which is enough. If children between 2 and 6 months are not suitable for using ibuprofen, you can choose acetaminophen . Children under are not recommended to use antipyretic drugs in routine. They can use physical cooling and other measures and seek treatment in in a timely manner.
Other symptoms of respiratory infection such as fever and cough, we can also store some drugs like to clear heat and expectorate phlegm . Coughs are conducive to the discharge of respiratory secretions. It is not recommended to use drugs for children with mild coughs. If there is nasal congestion, obvious cough, etc., you can atomize and wash your nose. You can use a humidifier at home to increase the humidity in the air, which can increase the comfort of your children.
There is obvious cough. We can prepare some Chinese patent medicines for to clear heat and expectorate phlegm. According to the age of the child, drugs suitable for his age are enough, but does not advocate taking two or more at the same time.
What are the precautions for children’s medication?
There is another precaution for children with medication, such as antipyretic drugs . does not recommend or recommend taking two drugs at the same time, and there is no need to take alternately. According to the age group that you are adapted to, the recommended dosage or medical advice in the instructions, and pay attention to the interval between the two medications .
It is best for parents not to use medicine for their children based on their own experience or speculation, because the children's organs are not very mature, and the use of medicine should be more standardized and cautious. If you are not sure, many hospitals have now opened Internet diagnosis and treatment . We can also get professional medication guidance and recommendations from professionals through remote treatment.
What are the symptoms of children infected with new crown ?
The symptoms of children after infection with the new coronavirus are similar to those of adults. They are also mainly the symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection of . It is mainly manifested as fever, cough, runny nose, and nasal congestion in , which is the manifestation of most children. There are also some atypical symptoms, including fatigue, poor appetite, vomiting, and even diarrhea. Some children may experience breathing, hoarse voice , etc.
However, the individual differences in the degree of fever in children are relatively large. Some children can have higher fevers, even more than 39 degrees or 40 degrees, but their heat range is generally 2-3 days . Now we observe that most children have a fever reduction in about 2-3 days. Therefore, the course of is about 3-5 days and , which is the manifestation of most children, so the probability of severe being diagnosed is very low.
If the child has symptoms such as fever, under what circumstances should he go to the hospital and under what circumstances can he not go?
The easiest way to distinguish is that we must look at the mental state of the child . If the child has symptoms such as fever, he is in good spirits, especially after the fever is reduced, he can eat, drink and play. There is no need to be particularly nervous at this time, and does not need to go to the hospital for treatment immediately. can continue to observe and deal with symptomatically at home.
However, it is recommended to go to the hospital if the following situations occur. For example, has a fever for more than 3 days and has not improved. In this case, children are not in good spirits and . In other words, even if the fever is reduced, they are still in bad spirits, including that the baby sometimes cries, is irritable, and is not comfortable to comfort. The older children always sleep, are not energetic, and have bad complexion. In this case, , no matter their body temperature, they must go to the hospital for treatment. , regardless of their body temperature, they must go to the hospital for treatment. 6; There are some cases where cough progressively worsens , which is more frequent, affecting daily life and sleep, so you should go to the doctor; in addition, some children have wheezing, breathing faster, and even dyspnea, obvious hoarseness, etc., be careful of laryngitis and laryngitis, and you should also seek medical treatment in time; of course, if consciousness disorders occur, convulsions should seek medical treatment immediately.
specifically reminds everyone to pay attention to that children under three months of age are special groups of , including newborns and babies. Once has fever, it is recommended to seek medical treatment in time.
The elderly
How should the elderly protect?
First of all, we still need to get vaccinated with , including the full-process vaccine and strengthening vaccine. After vaccination, the incidence of severe infections in the elderly can be significantly reduced.
Second, under the current circumstances, I hope that elderly friends will reduce going out to , especially to avoid going to confined places where people are more crowded. If you must go, you must wear a mask for . In addition, during the entire process, minimize contact with the outside environment and must wash your hands when you come back.
3, strengthen ventilation . It is winter now, especially . The weather in northern areas is colder. During ventilation, you should pay attention to the issue of keeping warm for the elderly. You can put the elderly friends in another room. After the ventilation is over, the room temperature returns to normal before letting the elderly return to the room.
Fourth, elderly friends often have some underlying diseases, underlying diseases must be controlled very well at this stage. cannot stop taking medicine because they are afraid of going to the hospital to get medicine. You can buy medicine through various channels, or ask relatives and friends to buy medicine.
Fifth, elderly friends need to live regularly in in recent times, don’t be too nervous, have regular sleep, ensure nutrition, but don’t overeat. In addition, minimize contact with tobacco and alcohol as much as possible. If family members who do not live with the elderly can reduce visits to the elderly in recent times and reduce the chance of virus exposure.
If the family is positive for the new crown, how should the elderly take good protection?
If people living together are infected with the new coronavirus, one of the most important principles is to minimize the chances of elderly people being exposed to the virus as much as possible. If conditions permit, we can put people in another residence. If conditions do not allow, we need to have an independent room, close the door and strengthen ventilation. The ventilation precautions are the same as mentioned above. Another point is to strengthen environmental disinfection, especially in some public exposed environments, such as bathrooms, door handles, and faucets. When patients come into contact with each other, they must be cleaned and disinfected. In addition, should pay attention to changes in the situation of the elderly . If there is a problem, identify it early and diagnose it early.
What should the elderly do after they are infected with the new coronavirus?
The first point for the elderly is that if they are infected with the new coronavirus, first needs to strengthen observation and monitoring .
The second is . It is necessary to strengthen daily care . This daily care includes a light diet. Once the elderly are infected, the gastrointestinal tract is not functioning well. We recommend eating less and more meals to avoid vomiting after eating a lot of food at one time; in addition, it is necessary to ensure the elderly's sleep; and it is also necessary to supplement appropriately. The water is the same as the diet. It is recommended to supplement appropriately based on their body temperature and sweating. The water is also supplemented in small amounts and multiple times to prevent a large amount of water from replenishing water at one time and causing gastrointestinal discomfort and increasing the heart load.
The third point is that the application of antipyretic drugs should be more cautious in the elderly. The higher the body temperature and the older the age, the more careful the medication should be used. It is not just 1 tablet for 38℃ or 2 tablets for 39℃. The higher the fever, the more cautious the medication. This is mainly to prevent from sweating heavily in the elderly after using antipyretic drugs, causing depression or even hypotension and . This is a special reminder for everyone; In addition, during this period, should relieve . You can use physical means to reduce . Another point is that when applying antipyretic drugs, should avoid using together. There are also some cold medicines. These cold medicines are compound preparations , which may also contain acetaminophen. If you take the medicine at the same time, it may cause excessive drug, so must read the drug instructions clearly.
The fourth point is Chinese patent medicine. The application of Chinese patent medicine is the same. It is necessary to have less and refined . One type of medicine can be used for treatment, and not multiple Chinese patent medicines with the same effect can be used at the same time.
The fifth point, for elderly friends with underlying diseases, must strengthen the management of underlying diseases . Here I would like to emphasize two special points. The first is hypertensive drug , because a large amount of water loss caused by fever may cause blood pressure to decrease. During the fever, especially when using antipyretic drugs, you must pay attention to blood pressure monitoring. If the blood pressure is already low and below the normal level, antihypertensive drugs may need to be reduced, or even stopped, and use them as usual when the blood pressure returns to normal. In addition, blood sugar-lowering drug . The elderly may eat very little after being infected with the new coronavirus, so we must monitor blood sugar changes to prevent the occurrence of hypoglycemia.
Last point, I would like to remind elderly friends that once elderly friends are infected with the new coronavirus, their stability ability of is reduced. Even young friends may have this feeling. They walk a little shakingly after fever. After this situation occurs in the elderly, is particularly prone to fall, and they are prone to fractures after falling . Therefore, when the elderly develop fever and are relatively weak, must prevent them from falling into .
Under what circumstances do the elderly need to consider seeking medical treatment?
First, symptoms persist or worsen , such as persistent fever or even tend to worsen.
Second, new symptoms , such as chest pain, difficulty breathing, incontinence, or sudden limbs cannot move, especially unilateral limbs cannot move, or the elderly cannot eat, nausea and vomiting, or the elderly are drowsy, no longer recognize people, and have disorders of direction. These are all dangerous signals.
In addition, is aggravated by underlying diseases. For example, the elderly have coronary heart disease and have angina pectoris. It turns out that there is COPD or asthma , and COPD and asthma are aggravated by aggravated by an elderly person. When it aggravates, it is also a reminder for elderly friends to seek medical treatment.
In addition, Some underlying diseases are not very stable in , such as severe respiratory diseases and serious heart diseases, or elderly people over 80 years old have not received the new crown vaccine . This group of people is at a high risk among people with severe COVID-19 and high-risk groups, and they need to pay special attention to it.
Why are the elderly who have not been vaccinated at high risk?
has two reasons. One is that as he gets older, his immunity is declining . The other is that most elderly people have underlying disease . After being infected with the new crown, it will also lead to the risk of intensification of this underlying disease.
In this case, we still recommend whether it is living alone in , or living with with family members, as long as the elderly have not completed vaccination, we still recommend to complete vaccination as soon as possible, including completing the full vaccination process, and completes the vaccination of to strengthen immunization .
Have the elderly who did not meet the conditions been unable to receive the new crown vaccine?
During the vaccination process, we have an absolute taboo for , that is, has experienced severe allergic reactions after vaccination. In the future, this vaccine cannot be vaccinated again. , like most other cases, belongs to the , including the situation where the is not vaccinated during the evaluation process due to underlying diseases. Most of them are the .
If the elderly have underlying diseases, they are in an acute attack period in the early stage, and are in a stable period after a period of treatment, or they cannot be vaccinated due to special treatment, and this special treatment is over. These people can consider vaccination with , especially when the epidemic is currently in a relatively large intensity and there are many sources of infection. These people should be vaccinated with after re-evaluation and permission.
3 patients with cardiovascular disease
What should patients with cardiovascular disease pay attention to when they are diagnosed?
Patients with original cardiovascular underlying diseases do not have to worry too much about being infected with the new coronavirus. They must cure their original diseases at home. Generally, they are diseases such as coronary heart disease, hypertension or heart failure . They are all taking basic medications.
In addition to drinking more water after a high fever may affect the symptoms of heart failure, such as medications to relieve muscle soreness and cardiovascular treatment drugs. No adverse effects between them have been found yet, so there is no need to worry. Because the main line that needs to pay attention to is the pathogenic induction and aggravation of cardiovascular diseases , if the underlying diseases of the heart are managed well, the original cardiovascular disease treatment drugs are used well, the body's immunity, improve your sleep quality, and overcome anxiety. Many patients with heart disease and have been hearing a lot of news in a concentrated manner, and their fear leads to worsening of their disease, so there is no need to be afraid and overcome this mentality. In addition, do not stop taking drugs for cardiovascular disease prevention and control for a long time. Stopping the drug may induce or aggravate the disease. If you have persistent chest pain, you should go to the hospital to . The hospital is open 24 hours a day for further diagnosis and treatment.
How to avoid infection in patients with cardiovascular disease?
Patients with original cardiovascular diseases, especially hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, etc., and many patients who have undergone interventional treatment in the heart, or patients after external surgery. Such patients must pay attention to at home to prevent the new coronavirus infection in .
There are four sentences that are the principles of home life recognized by the International Health Organization:
The first is to have a reasonable diet. Excessive intake of sugar, oil and salt is definitely unfavorable to health and increases the heart load, so you must control the intake of sugar, oil and salt.
The second is to quit smoking and limit alcohol. Many people think that alcohol above 65 degrees can kill the new coronavirus, but drinking must first induce heart disease. This is a sure thing to tell everyone that quitting smoking and limiting alcohol will definitely be beneficial to cardiovascular diseases.
The third is to exercise properly. When staying at home, if you have cardiovascular underlying diseases, you should generally pay attention to limb muscle exercise. anaerobic exercise . You can pull a dumbbell, or use a mineral water bottle to do limb exercise. Limb exercise is good for the heart and cardiovascular.
The fourth is mental balance. We still have to overcome our fear. This wave of new coronavirus is like we are out of the sea once. We will always return successfully. We will try our best to prevent our cardiovascular disease from progressing into severe illness, nor to be induced at home.
Source: China Government Network
