The weather is getting colder and colder
The high incidence of diseases in autumn and winter has also begun to be active
Especially infectious diseases
Such as Flu , Chickenpox , etc.
Tenancy children have weak resistance
Need to be extra careful
Remind parents
Pay attention to protecting children
Stay away from the following infectious diseases
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Influenza
What is influenza?
Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease that is more harmful to humans caused by influenza virus infection .
What are the symptoms of influenza?
Influenza is generally manifested as acute onset and fever (some cases may have high fever, up to 39-40℃), accompanied by systemic symptoms such as chills, chills, headache, muscles and joint pain, extreme fatigue, and loss of appetite. It often contains sore throat and cough, nasal congestion, runny nose, poststernum discomfort, mild congestion in the conjunctiva, and vomiting and diarrhea.
Mild flu is often similar to the common cold, but its fever and systemic symptoms are more obvious. Severe cases may have extrapulmonary manifestations such as viral pneumonia , secondary bacterial pneumonia , acute respiratory distress syndrome, shock , diffuse intravascular coagulation, cardiovascular and nervous system , and a variety of complications. What are the transmission routes of influenza?
Influenza patients and hidden infections are the main sources of infection for seasonal influenza, mainly transmitted through droplets of their respiratory secretions, and can also be transmitted directly or indirectly through mucosa such as the mouth, nasal cavity, and eyes.
How to prevent influenza?
Environmental influenza vaccination is the most effective means to prevent influenza . can significantly reduce the risk of influenza and serious complications in vaccinated people.
Director of the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Children's Medical Center, Xu Baoping, , introduced that vaccination will not cause a burden on the body. People with weak constitutions, low resistance or basic diseases, such as children, infants, and the elderly, who are weak in physical condition, low in resistance or have underlying diseases should focus on getting influenza vaccine. It should be noted that getting vaccinated does not mean that you are 100% immune to the flu. At the same time, some contraindicated populations do not recommend getting influenza vaccination.
In addition, maintaining good personal hygiene habits is an important means to prevent respiratory infectious diseases such as influenza, including: wash your hands frequently; during the flu epidemic season, try to avoid going to places where people gather; after coughing or sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with tissues, towels, etc. and wash your hands, try to avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth. When family members have influenza patients, try to avoid contact with each other, especially when there are elderly people and chronic diseases at home. When parents go to the hospital for treatment with flu symptoms, they should also take good care of the child and himself (such as wearing a mask) to avoid cross infection. When influenza-like cases occur in collective units such as schools, patients should rest at home to reduce the spread of the disease. When in the same confined space as influenza patients, windows should be opened to keep ventilation.
diarrhea disease caused by norovirus
What is norovirus?
Norovirus is a virus that causes non-bacterial acute gastroenteritis, and autumn and winter is the peak period of norovirus.
Although there is currently no specific medicine for acute gastroenteritis of norovirus, mainly supplements and symptomatic treatment, there is no need to be too nervous because it is a self-limiting disease. The condition is mild and it is good after recovery, and there are no sequelae after recovery.What are the transmission routes of
?
has various transmission channels, and can be transmitted through polluted water sources, food, items, air, etc.
How to prevent norovirus?
When facing norovirus, prevention is actually more important than treatment!
1. Pay attention to personal hygiene, develop good hygiene habits, wash your hands frequently, and wash your hands before and after meals.
2. Pay attention to diet and water hygiene, drink boiled water, eat cooked food, and do not eat unclean or unlicensed food.
3. During the high incidence of diarrhea in autumn and winter, try to go to public places with a large number of people as little as possible, keep good indoor air circulation, open windows for ventilation at least twice a day, each time for at least 30 minutes, to reduce the chance of virus infection.
4. Eat more fresh fruits and vegetables, eat diversified food; enhance exercise, and improve physical fitness.
chickenpox
What is chickenpox?
varicella is an acute infectious disease caused by the initial infection of the varicella-zoster virus. It occurs frequently in winter and spring. It is highly contagious and mainly occurs in infants and young children and preschool children.
What are the symptoms of chickenpox?
The symptoms of chickenpox initially are similar to colds such as fever, headache, sore throat, etc. After 1-2 days, red "spots" that are flush with the skin will appear and will be very itchy. Soon the rash will slightly protrude the skin to form " papules ". Soon these "papules" will become transparent "herpes" containing liquid. After 3-4 days, the herpes will dry and "scabbing". Spotted , papules, herpes, and scabs often appear at the same time, which is called "four generations together", which is a unique symptom of chickenpox.
The rash of chickenpox usually appears first on the chest, belly, and back, and then on other parts of the face and body. If you have chickenpox once, you will usually not get it again. Chickenpox is a self-limiting disease and can heal itself in about 10 days. Infection with chickenpox in the early stages of pregnancy may cause fetal malformations.
What is the transmission route of chickenpox?
patients are the only source of infection. The virus is present in the patient's upper respiratory tract and herpes fluid. It is contagious 1 to 2 days before the onset of the disease until the rash is completely scabbed. Chickenpox can also occur in children with susceptible exposure to shingles.
How to prevent chickenpox?
Doing a good job in personal and family hygiene and vaccination with chickenpox are the key to preventing chickenpox. Mainly do the following:
1. Develop good personal hygiene habits, wash hands frequently, and do not share towels.
2. Open the windows frequently to ventilate to keep the indoor air fresh.
3. Vaccinate with chickenpox vaccine.
4. Children diagnosed with chickenpox by doctors should rest at home, do not go to school or avoid going to crowded public places, so as not to spread the disease to others. Only when the rashes on the body are scabbed and fall off can they go to school and other public places.
bacterial conjunctivitis
What is bacterial conjunctivitis?
is a common acute infectious eye disease, also known as " red eye disease ". occurs more frequently in spring and autumn. Bacterial conjunctivitis in children is mostly caused by Homophilus influenzae or Stacci pneumoniae .Homophilus influenzae conjunctivitis is prone to spread infection in schools and families.
What are the symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis?
The most common symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis are red eyes. You can see congestion and redness on the surface of the eyeball, clear blood, and may also have foreign body sensation, burning sensation, itching, fear of light, tears, and increased secretions.
What is the transmission pathway for bacterial conjunctivitis?
Conjunctivitis pathogenic bacteria may be transmitted through respiratory secretions, and can also be transmitted through contact with towels, toys, faucets, door handles, etc. that the patient has used.
How to prevent bacterial conjunctivitis?
1. Develop good personal hygiene habits, cut your nails frequently, wash your hands before and after meals, and rub your eyes with dirty hands.
2. During the popularity period, public faucets, elevator handrails, door handles, telephones, utensils, toys, etc. should be disinfected; wash your hands after touching the computer keyboard, and avoid rubbing your eyes or face, especially those who use public keyboards.
3. Do not share towels or personal hygiene products with others. Wash your face and hands with mobile water, and do not contact the patient's used face washing utensils, handkerchiefs and medical equipment used for treatment.
4. Do not share eye medicines, eye cosmetics and other medicines or supplies that may touch the eyes with others, and do not use collective eye drops to prevent eye diseases.
5. Maintain good personal hygiene and wash your hands thoroughly before and after touching your eyes. It is best not to touch your eyes with your hands.
Hand, foot and mouth disease
What is hand, foot and mouth disease?
Hand, foot and mouth disease is a common and multiple infectious disease caused by a variety of enteroviruses. is often found in children under 5 years old. The disease can occur throughout the year.
What are the symptoms of hand, foot and mouth disease?
Most patients have mild symptoms, mainly characterized by fever and rash or herpes in the hands, feet, mouth and other parts. Collective infection is prone to occur.
What is the transmission route of hand, foot and mouth disease?
is mainly infected by close contact with patients' feces, herpes fluid and respiratory secretions, as well as contaminated hands, towels, handkerchiefs, toys, tableware, bottles, bedding, etc.
How to prevent hand, foot and mouth disease?
There is currently no vaccine to prevent hand, foot and mouth disease. Proper personal and family hygiene is the key to preventing hand, foot and mouth disease.
People should prevent hand, foot and mouth disease: wash hands frequently, drink boiled water, eat cooked food, ventilate frequently, and bask in the sun.
Special attention should be paid to:
1. Parents and caregivers should wash their hands after contacting children, changing diapers, and handling children's feces.
2. Disinfect before use of milk bottles and tableware.
3. Toys should be disinfected frequently, preferably once a week.
4. Parents should also pay attention to whether there are rashes in their children's mouth, hands, feet, buttocks, knees, etc. If they find symptoms such as fever or rash, they should go to a regular hospital in time and treat them according to the doctor's advice.
Mmps
What is mumps?
Mmps is referred to as Modal , commonly known as Modal , is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by mumps virus. is a good age of 5-15 years old and is popular all seasons.
What are the symptoms of mumps?
is mainly manifested as swelling and painful parotid glands. The swelling and pain are characteristic. They are generally centered on the earlobe, and are like pear-shaped or horseshoe-shaped. The edges are unclear and tender. They stimulate saliva secretion when opening the mouth and chewing, causing the pain to intensify. Some children may be accompanied by fever, sore throat, general discomfort, etc., while some children may be often accompanied by complications.
What is the transmission route of mumps?
patients are the source of infection and are transmitted through direct contact, inhalation of droplets and saliva. The patient has developed the disease for 2-3 weeks in contact.
How to prevent mumps?
1. It is important to open the windows in the room to ventilate.
2. Patients were isolated in the early stage until the swelling of the parotid gland of completely subsided, and the course of the disease was at least 9 days before they could go to school. Patients with mumps need to be closely observed for 3 weeks.
3. The standardized live attenuated mumps vaccine or the triple vaccination of Mumps can reach 70%-90%.
High incidence of infectious diseases in autumn
For the health of children
In addition to popularizing
Other prevention methods to children
should also set an example
Help and drive children
Develop good hygiene habits
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