There is never a shortage of people who smoke and drink at the wine table during the holidays.
According to the Shenzhen Special Zone News, 55-year-old Mr. Yan suffered from lung cancer and esophageal cancer at the same time because of heavy drinking and long-term smoking.
Mr. Yan is a burly man. He is a well-known Chinese medicine doctor in his hometown, but he is addicted to alcohol. He drinks 4 catties of soaked medicinal wine every day, and enters into the habit of smoking. At the beginning of this year, Mr. Yan had a choking sensation when eating hard food such as steamed buns and steamed buns, but he didn't care.
Until July, Mr. Yan also experienced obvious dysphagia after eating fluid food , and his weight plummeted by nearly 20 kilograms before he went to the hospital for treatment and was eventually diagnosed with lung cancer and esophageal cancer.
Recently, he underwent minimally invasive surgery at the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, and removed the lesions on two organs. Only then did he become lucky and regain his life.
1. Z16z esophageal cancer in China: half of the global cases
Mr. Yan suffers from esophageal cancer is a cancer with a poor prognosis, and early symptoms are not obvious, it is easy to be ignored. A report on esophageal cancer was published in the sub-issue of the authoritative medical journal "The Lancet" "Gastroenterology and Hepatology". The report shows that China's esophageal cancer incidence and death burden accounted for nearly half of the world. [1]
In 2017, China had the largest number of new cases and deaths of esophageal cancer in the world, with reaching 235,000 and 213,000 . The study suggests the five major risk factors for esophageal cancer worldwide: smoking, drinking, overweight, low intake of fruits in the diet, and smoking tobacco.
2. What are the risk factors for esophageal cancer in China?
In China, there is a " esophageal cancer high-risk zone " in the border areas of Henan, Hebei and Shanxi provinces close to the Taihang Mountains. During the ten years from 1959 to 1970, the deaths from esophageal cancer in Henan Linxian accounted for 20% of all deaths . In 1974, about one out of 500 men in Ci County, Hebei Province suffered from esophageal cancer. [1]
Why do these places become high-risk areas for esophageal cancer? Compared with other countries and regions, the following risk factors are "features" of esophageal cancer in China.
1. Pickled and moldy foods
According to surveys, rural people in Linxian County, Henan Province, like to eat a vegetable that is pickled and fermented in water, and the water is often covered with a thick layer of white mold. In the summer, people even drink fermented vegetable juices to quench their thirst. This kind of pickled food contains a lot of nitrite, which is a first-class carcinogen .
In addition, there is a strong sense of frugality in rural areas. Some foods are bad and are not willing to throw away. The breeding aflatoxin has a strong carcinogenic effect, and has been classified as a first-level carcinogen .
2. Single food
A single diet is also a high-risk factor for esophageal cancer, . Because of the widespread backwardness in the last century, the materials from outside could not be transported to the mountains. The recipes of the residents of Lin County are very simple. I eat millet porridge mixed with a little vegetable every day. I cook a big pot in the morning and cook it on the stove for a whole day. In this way, the residents can get very few nutrients through animals.
This phenomenon is still very common. Long-term consumption of a single ingredient increases the risk of esophageal cancer.
3. Hot mouth food
hot water, overheated food is easy to cause acute inflammation in the esophagus, esophageal mucosa is repeatedly damaged and repaired, which is one of the causes of esophageal cancer . Residents of Lin County love to eat hot food. Researchers were surprised to find that some residents can even swallow hot food at 80°C without changing their face.
A number of data indicate that high temperature (>65°C) food is closely related to esophageal cancer. has been included in the list of carcinogens by the World Health Organization. People who are used to eating hot food have a threefold increase in risk of esophageal cancer.
4. Tobacco and alcohol hardest hit area
Tobacco and alcohol have a huge irritation to the esophagus and stomach. Not only the residents of Linxian County, but all of China have such problems. A survey in Sichuan Province found that if you smoke and drink, the probability of developing esophageal cancer will be 8.86 times that of peers. [3]
3. The typical symptoms are obvious but easily overlooked. Z24z
esophageal cancer is a common gastrointestinal tumor with a very high degree of malignancy. The prognosis of most patients in the middle and late stages is poor. The key to the treatment of esophageal cancer is early diagnosis. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the symptoms of esophageal cancer, so as not to neglect the delay of treatment. The typical symptom of
esophageal cancer is progressive dysphagia, , it is difficult to swallow when eating hard food at the beginning, then it develops into semi-liquid and choking, and finally can only swallow liquid food. At the end of development, patients could not even drink water to achieve . This dysphagia manifests itself as swallowing discomfort, eating stagnation, foreign body sensation, etc., but there is no severe pain and it is easy to be ignored.
4. To reduce the mortality rate by 40%, 5 types of people should be required to detect and treat esophageal cancer early. Screening is a powerful measure for early detection, prevention and control of esophageal cancer. In 2020, a study published in the authoritative cancer journal "Cancer" showed that one endoscopic screening at can reduce the risk of esophageal cancer by more than 40% .
This study conducted a follow-up survey of 40-69-year-old residents in Feicheng City, Shandong Province, and found that the survival rate of who had undergone endoscopic screening was much higher than that of the control group.
"Experts Consensus Opinions on Early Esophageal Cancer and Precancerous Lesion Screening in China" pointed out that who meets any of the following risk factors are the target population for esophageal cancer screening.
- People who were born or live in areas with a high incidence of esophageal cancer for a long time;
- first-degree relatives have a history of esophageal cancer, and those with a family history are at higher risk of esophageal cancer;
- himself has precancerous lesions of the esophagus, such as some inflammations of the esophagus and esophagus And ulcers;
- people who have a history of head and neck tumors, , may metastasize and cause esophageal cancer;
- people who have the habits of smoking, drinking, hot eating, eating too fast, etc. The etiology of
esophageal cancer is not very clear, and it is generally believed that it is related to many factors such as diet, genetics, and esophageal lesions. Due to the eating habits and structure of Chinese residents, the risk of esophageal cancer will be higher.
Therefore, for the above five types of high-risk groups, should undergo endoscopic screening every year for early detection and early treatment.
Breeze Project 39 Health Superpower Group
Reference:
[1] "The Lancet" journal: Half of the world's cases are in China, and esophageal cancer is related to five major risk factors. New medical perspectives. 2020-04-02
[2] Half of the world’s esophageal cancer is in China. Why? Inspur Studio. 2019-04-15
[3] Yang, C.; Wang, H.; Wang, Z.; Du, H.; Tao, D.; Mu, X.; Chen, H.; Lei, Y.; Matsuo, K.; Tajima, K. Risk Factors for Esophageal Cancer: a Case-control Study in South-western China. Asian Pacific J. Cancer Prev. 2005, 6, 48–53.
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