Kidney is a very important detoxification organ in our body. It has endocrine function. The secreted renin , prostaglandin, erythropoietin, kinin , etc. are very important. The function of the kidneys is very powerful, but if you do not pay attention to maintenance, healthy kidneys may also step by step to the stage of uremia .
How far is it from kidney injury to uremia?
stage
1
kinetic
kinetic
Common Hypertension , Hyperglycemia , and glomerular nephritis and other diseases or long-term medication may damage kidney health and cause kidney disease.
stage
2
metabolic abnormality
Impaired kidney function means that the function of metabolic waste and water balance will be destroyed, resulting in the detoxification function in our body weakening, making toxins unable to be excreted in time.
stage
3
renal insufficiency
knowledgeal disease continues to develop, which will further damage the glomerulus. After toxins continue to accumulate, abnormalities in all aspects of the kidney function, and at this time, there will also be symptoms such as weakness in the limbs and metabolic dysfunction.
stage
4
renal failure
enters the renal failure stage, which means that the degree of kidney damage is already very serious. Usually there will be increased nocturnal urine, fatigue, and swelling throughout the body. The acid-base balance in the body will also be affected by renal failure.
stage
5
uremia
renal failure will further develop into the uremia stage. At this time, the tissue damage range in the kidney has exceeded 95%. It can be said that renal function has basically disappeared. In addition to swelling throughout the body, there will also be symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, hypertension, etc. It's basically irreversible. It can only be used to replace the kidneys that have lost their function by hemodialysis , kidney transplantation, peritoneal dialysis , etc., and this treatment is lifelong.
There are signs of kidney problems!
1
Urgent
Urgent
● Proteinuria
Proteinuria is one of the most common manifestations of kidney disease, which is what we call foam urine. Once the urine contains protein , small molecules will be produced and foam will be precipitated, just like stirring with eggs with water. This is because the glomerular filtration membrane is damaged and protein leaks, so beware of it.
How to distinguish proteinuria
If the urine component is relatively single and there is no inflammation, urine sugar , urine protein , the foam formed by the impact will disappear soon, and if the urine contains urine protein, the tension on the water surface will be changed, just like coffee foam, which will not dissipate for a long time.
● Changes in urine output
Usually, under normal circumstances, the daily urine output of a normal person is about 1000 to 2000 ml . If the daily urine output is less than one-quarter of the weekdays, this means oliguria and you need to be vigilant. In addition, frequent nocturnal urination, that is, more than twice, suggests that there may be renal insufficiency.
● Change of urine color
The normal urine color is transparent and it is light yellow . The urine is thick tea-like brown, alert to the possibility of acute renal failure. The color of urine soy sauce indicates that there may be problems such as hemoglobinuria , renal failure, etc., which are generally more common in patients with acute intravascular hemolytic diseases.
● The urine has a odor
If healthy people drink enough water, the urine is light yellow and will not have a heavy smell. When drinking insufficient water, it will produce a "urinary smell". However, if there is kidney damage or blood sugar rise, the urine taste will be different and there will be a rotten smell.
2
limb edema
In clinical practice, more than 90% of patients with acute nephritis patients are edema of the limbs, which is also the occurrence of edema, which makes many patients feel that there is a problem with the kidneys, especially after getting up in the morning, their faces are swollen, their legs are swollen, and their skin does not rebound after being pressed, forming depressions. It is all because water cannot be discharged normally from the kidneys and can only gather in the soft tissue under the skin.
3
Hypertension
Elevated blood pressure may also be caused by kidney disease. When a large amount of water is retention and accumulates inside the blood vessels, it will cause blood pressure to rise, and is generally not relieved by antihypertensive drugs.
4
Itchy skin
Itchy skin all over the body, dry molting, which may also be a signal from kidney disease. In most patients with end-stage uremia, a large amount of urea is free from the blood, and it needs to be excreted through the skin hair follicles. These urea repeatedly stimulate the nerve endings, making people feel extremely itchy. However, the itching of is not limited to specific parts, but is possible all over the body.
5
No appetite for eating
Loss of appetite, loss of appetite, most people will think it is a manifestation of poor gastrointestinal function, but it may also be caused by renal function diseases. When toxins accumulate in the body and cannot be excreted normally, it will damage the digestive system, recurrence of urea, and then decrease appetite.
Protect the kidneys and develop these dietary habits
1
Don't overeat, don't eat too salty
0Blue eating and love to eat salty will increase the burden on the kidneys and destroy kidney function.
2
Don't eat too much meat and protein-rich foods
Eating too much meat and protein-rich foods will increase the burden on the kidneys, accelerate renal function decline, and cause kidney diseases.
3
Don't eat too oily or too sweet
Food foods that are too oily and too sweet can easily cause obesity, leading to high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high blood lipids, and increasing the burden on the kidneys.
4
Drink more water, don't hold your urine
Low water intake will lead to a decrease in urine volume, increase toxins in the urine, and cause kidney stones and urinary tract infections .
5
Drinking less sugary drinks
Over intake of sweet drinks will increase the burden on the kidneys and increase the chance of kidney damage.
Source｜CCTV "Life Circle", Wuhan Tongji Hospital
Science Popularization | Chen Zhishui Organ Transplantation Research Institute Professor and Chief Physician
Zhang Weijie Organ Transplantation Research Institute Professor and Chief Physician
Edit | Xie Xuejiao
Planning | Cai Xiong, Cai Min
Edit | Xie Xuejiao
Planning | Cai Xiong, Cai Min
