Lao Liu always felt that he was a "lucky" person. He was diagnosed with cancer at the age of 56, but because it was discovered early and the radical surgery went smoothly, there was no need to undergo other adjuvant chemotherapy after the operation. The doctor just instructed him to follow up regularly for re-examination. For more than two years, Lao Liu has not looked like a cancer patient at all. He is in a relaxed mood and has no restrictions in life. He thinks he has completely defeated cancer.
However, half a year ago, the abdominal pain that lasted for two weeks sent him to the hospital again. This time, it was found that the tumor markers of Lao Liu, CA199 and CEA of , were significantly increased; the results of CT indicate that there are new lesions in the liver, accompanied by swelling of the retroperitoneal lymph nodes. The doctor told Lao Liu tactfully: The cancer has recurred and metastasized.
Lao Liu could not accept it: "The operation was so smooth, didn't it mean that the tumor had been clean? And it has been more than two years and the body has been fine, so why did it suddenly relapse? How should it be treated this time? Will it relapse again after being cured?"
1. The tumor has been removed, why does it still relapse?
tumor occurrence, development and metastasis are a multi-factor, multi-step regulation process. It depends to a large extent on various components of the tumor microenvironment, including vascular endothelial cells , peripheral blood cells, inflammatory cells , immune cells , etc. It has been reported that 166.7% of solid tumor patients with html deaths are caused by recurrence and metastasis.
Why do tumors grow and recur? There is a saying that tumor stem cells are present. In tumor radiotherapy and chemotherapy, ordinary tumor cells are sensitive to treatment and are easily eliminated. However, tumor stem cells have strong tolerance and are not easily destroyed. Like "seed cells", new tumor cells will continue to be produced. Studies have pointed out that it is precisely because ordinary tumor cells evolve into tumor stem cells that the tumor treatment failure.
There is also a "tumor dormant hypothesis" . Research data have confirmed that the biological characteristics of tumor cells scattered in the residual lesions are very different from those of primary tumors or tumor cells that have metastasized. The main reason for this difference is that tumor cells scattered in the lesions can prevent patients from any clinical symptoms and do not express detectable tumor molecular markers, and can enter a dormant state, insensitive or escape to targeted therapeutic drugs or conventional anti-tumor drugs.
There are many other studies on the causes of tumor recurrence and metastasis. However, no matter which one is, it shows that preventing tumor recurrence and metastasis is an important means to effectively reduce the mortality rate of tumor patients and improve the overall survival of patients.
2. Three factors may affect cancer recurrence. Patients should pay attention to
Regarding the diet of cancer patients, some people believe that "hair" is the "accelerator" of cancer metastasis, so the most important thing is to eat less "hair". So what is "hair"?
hair products are widely circulated among the people and closely related to traditional Chinese medicine. In summary, hair products can be considered to have nourishing, warm and divergent effects, and can cause "fire" symptoms such as dry mouth, , oral ulcers, swollen and painful gums, constipation, and can aggravate surgical diseases such as sores and tumors. It is a general term for foods that have infectious diseases with exocial symptoms and recurrence of allergic diseases or chronic diseases.
Associate Professor of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Sun Lihong believes that although it is necessary for cancer patients to appropriately avoid eating, it is not advisable to overbear the existence of the hair products and cause the expansion of the avoiding eating. A reasonable diet can not only meet the normal needs of the body, but also help recover from the disease. Whether cancer patients can eat "hair food" needs to be based on the differences and specificity of their personal physical fitness, "people-oriented and adapt to the conditions" and cannot be generalized.
Patients should prevent tumor recurrence and metastasis. The most important thing is to pay attention to in life to avoid the impact of specific high-risk factors. What we really need to pay attention to is the following three factors:
. Continue to have a bad lifestyle
Most cancer patients suffer from cancer due to factors such as bad life and eating habits. Therefore, even if the tumor in front of you is removed, as long as the past carcinogenic factors have not improved, it may cause metastasis or recurrence.
Taking smoking as an example, a research team at Lund University in Sweden conducted a prospective cohort study on the relationship between breast cancer prognosis, treatment response and lifestyle . They found that in patients with a history of smoking before breast cancer, aromatase inhibitor treatment was associated with increased risk of breast cancer events and distant metastasis. That is, those who have a long history of smoking in are still relatively low after receiving targeted medications.
, mental collapse
Most patients think that cancer is an incurable disease. Once diagnosed as cancer, they will have great fear and fear of death, and at the same time they hope it will be a misdiagnosis. It is manifested as emotional tension, insomnia, loss of appetite, etc. The torture of diseases and mental destruction, and the impact of surgery and radiotherapy on the body by the blow to the body, patients often have an anxious, pessimistic and desperate state, which may directly affect the development of the disease and increase the probability of tumor recurrence and metastasis
. Discontinuation of medication without authorization
Targeted therapy refers to a treatment method that specifically interferes with key targets in the occurrence and development of tumors to exert anti-tumor effects. Taking targeted drugs may bring some adverse reactions, mainly including hypertension and , bleeding, proteinuria, wound complications, etc. Therefore, some patients will stop the medication without authorization because they are resistant to adverse reactions.
However, most adverse reactions are mild and can be effectively controlled by conventional means. Some adverse reactions are also one of the markers of effectiveness. If the medication is stopped without authorization, not only will the condition not be relieved, but the condition will rapidly worsen and cause a fatal risk.
3. Do 4 things right, cancer may not recur
It should be noted that the high-risk period for cancer recurrence and metastasis is within 1 to 3 years after the first treatment. has two peaks in half and two years. About 90% of patients experience this period. And as time goes by, the chance of cancer recurrence will decrease.
How to control your condition more stably and reduce the risk of recurrence and metastasis? Xiao Ai shares 4 tips for everyone, and I hope cancer friends can persevere.
, persisting for more than 5 years of treatment
The biggest threat to the survival rate of cancer patients. In this regard, in addition to radical surgery, reasonable chemotherapy, and planned comprehensive treatment of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the early stages of cancer, after the clinical symptoms of cancer disappear, the patient must persist for more than 5 years, carry out standardized continuous treatment under the guidance of professional doctors, and maintain good diet and living habits and maintain an optimistic mood to resist the recurrence of the tumor.
. Stay away from cancer triggers
Cancer is finally formed under the joint action of multiple factors and has been developed for a long time. Therefore, if wants to avoid cancer recurrence, it is important to stay away from cancer causes. Specifically, patients should develop good living and eating habits, not smoke, not drink alcohol, and not stay up late; their diet should be regular, pay attention to nutritional matching, and be balanced and reasonable.
In addition, although cancer patients are weak, can still perform physical exercise appropriately. It is recommended to do exercises at least 4 times a week, for 15 minutes to half an hour each time, , step by step and act within your ability, which will help promote the recovery of patients' systemic functions, improve the body's immune function, and reduce the recurrence rate of cancer.
. Focus on psychological treatment
After surgery and radiotherapy and chemotherapy, most patients are afraid of tumor recurrence and metastasis. If this psychological disorder cannot be overcome, the damage to the immune system will accelerate, which will easily cause the tumor to metastasis or recurrence. Therefore, psychological treatment should be carried out throughout the entire treatment, especially for patients who are in recovery, and should pay more attention to psychological rehabilitation.
Regular follow-up is a common and effective way to prevent cancer metastasis. Especially for patients who have not been cured after the first treatment, follow-up visit is more important. This is an effective means to track the progress of the disease and adjust the treatment plan in a targeted manner. Generally speaking, the first year after should be reviewed every three months; within 2 years after the operation, the review will be reviewed every six months; for more than 2 years after the operation, the detailed physical examination and laboratory tests will be performed every year; for more than 5 years after the operation, the review will be considered once every one year.
Cancer recurrence does cause headaches and helplessness, but it is not all despair, there are still solutions. First of all, cancer patients need to cooperate with doctors to reduce the chance of recurrence and metastasis. Secondly, after comprehensive treatment, regular follow-up should be followed according to doctor's instructions, early detection of relapsed and metastatic tumors, and early treatment should be carried out. Finally, the patient's optimistic mood and active cooperation in treatment can help improve the body's immune function and enhance its own anti-tumor ability. #统合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合合� ]. Foreign Medicine (Physiology, Pathological Sciences and Clinical Volume), 1998, 02.
[3] Yang Shaofen, Chi Xiufang. High-expressed neuronal cell adhesion molecule L1 in patients with liver cancer have poor prognosis [J]. Chongqing Medicine, 2015, 44(22): 3055-3057.
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