Preface:
Many female friends have consulted me about gynecological inflammation and have various questions. Today I took some time to sort it out, hoping to give everyone a detailed understanding of gynecological inflammation.
Definition of gynecological inflammation
Gynecological inflammation generally refers to inflammation of the female genitals, which are roughly divided into vulva and vaginal inflammation, cervical inflammation, and pelvic inflammatory diseases. The incidence and prevalence of gynecological inflammation are extremely high, nearly 100%. Normally, every girl will get infected once or several times in her life.
Generally speaking, changes in the vaginal microecological environment cause imbalance in bacteria, which can cause endogenous inflammation, or external factors such as infection of unclean sexual pathogens. The symptoms are mostly manifested as itching, burning sensation, increased secretions and changes in the characteristics, pain in sexual intercourse, bleeding after sexual intercourse, pelvic pain, soreness in the waist, etc. In severe cases, systemic symptoms such as fever, headache, and lack of appetite may occur.
How does gynecological inflammation cause?
The occurrence of gynecological inflammation is mainly due to the special anatomical structure of the female reproductive tract that leads to exogenous pathogen infection, or the damage to the unique microecological environment of the female reproductive tract, leading to endogenous infection. In addition, frequent living of women during the reproductive period is also an important reason for the occurrence of gynecological inflammation.
The basic causes of gynecological inflammation are:
1. The special anatomical structure of the female reproductive tract. The female external reproductive tract is adjacent to the urethral opening and anus, and is locally damp. If you do not pay attention to vulvar hygiene, the external reproductive tract is easily infected by pathogens and cause inflammation;
2. The dynamic balance of vaginal microecology depends on the endocrine system, estrogen, local pH value, Lactobacillus , local vaginal exemption If the immune system is maintained, breaking the balance for any reason can lead to inflammation of endogenous pathogens in the vagina or above the vagina;
3, unclean sexual life or poor sanitary environment, female production, birth tract damage, invasive medical operations, and exogenous pathogens can also directly invade the vagina, cervix, uterus , leading to the occurrence of vaginitis, cervicitis, and pelvic inflammatory diseases.
What are the symptoms of gynecological inflammation?
Gynecological inflammation is mostly manifested as vulvar and vaginal itching and burning sensation to varying degrees, vaginal secretions increase and changes in nature, painful intercourse, bleeding after intercourse, prolonged menstruation and or waist soreness before and after menstruation, waist swelling and discomfort, pelvic pain, and severe systemic symptoms such as high fever and chills. The inflammation manifestations vary in specific areas.
The inflammation manifestations vary in different parts of gynecology.
1. The typical symptoms of vulva and vaginal inflammation are:
vulva itching, burning sensation, pain, increased vaginal secretions, and some vaginitis have special secretions changes, such as bacterial vaginitis secretions are thin and fishy; secretions of vulvar Candida cerevisiae are bean dregs or curd-like; secretions of trichomonas vaginitis are thin, purulent, foamy, and odorless.
2. Typical symptoms of cervicitis:
The vaginal purulent or mucus purulent secretions increase, and purulent secretions stimulate the vagina and vulva to cause itching and burning sensation of vulva; bleeding during menstruation or bleeding after sexual intercourse. Gynecological examination shows that purulent secretions cover the cervical mouth or flow out of the cervical canal, and the cervical canal mucosa is brittle and easy to touch and bleeding; or hypertrophic cervical and cervical polyps can be seen.
3. Typical symptoms of pelvic inflammatory diseases:
is single locally manifested, often accompanied by systemic symptoms caused by urinary and digestive system diseases or pelvic abscess formation, which can cause serious sequelae such as ectopic pregnancy and infertility. Typical local symptoms are repeated and persistent lower abdominal pain, soreness and swelling of the waist, which worsen after intense activity or sexual intercourse.
How to treat gynecological inflammation?
After gynecological inflammation occurs, you should go to the hospital for regular treatment in time, otherwise it will easily lead to the prolonged and repeated symptoms and have serious impact on women's lives.
If the patient is anxious to get lower abdominal pain, cannot relieve, high fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain suddenly disappears and worsens, and if the symptoms of acute abdominal symptoms such as plate-shaped abdominal should seek emergency treatment immediately to avoid life-threatening risk.
Gynecological inflammation symptoms are prone to prolong and recurrence, so when gynecological inflammation occurs, you should adhere to the principle of early and timely treatment, and regular review after treatment, and actively seek and eliminate the causes.
symptomatic treatment of pathogenic drugs and sexual partners should be treated together when necessary to achieve the goal of curing gynecological inflammation as soon as possible, no recurrence, and no sequelae.
Acute phase treatment:
Acute cervicitis has a vaginal odor and purulent secretions, the vulva itching and burning sensation are unbearable, menstrual bleeding and sexual intercourse are large, accompanied by urinary system infection, urgency, pain, frequent urination, congestion and edema of the vulva and urethra, you should go to the gynecological clinic immediately to prevent the condition from worsening and avoid upward infection to cause pelvic inflammatory diseases.
In the acute stage of pelvic inflammatory diseases, if peritonitis or abscess formation and ulceration, acute abdominal pain may occur, and abdominal pain may be exacerbated and symptoms of sepsis, toxic shock such as hyperthermia, nausea, vomiting, etc., physical examination may include plate-shaped abdomen, tenderness, and rebound pain . You should go to the hospital for emergency treatment immediately and undergo surgical treatment if necessary.
General treatment:
General treatment of gynecological inflammation mainly includes eliminating triggers and adjusting lifestyle.
Lifestyle adjustment:
regular work and rest, avoid staying up late, avoid high sugar, high salt, spicy and irritating diet; avoid unclean sexual life, pay attention to personal hygiene and vulva hygiene, keep vulva dry, avoid friction, wear loose and breathable underwear, change and clean underwear in time, and do not mix clothes; avoid using public baths and bathtubs, and avoid sharing towels and other daily necessities with others; if you find any diabetes , urine leakage, feces leakage and other inducements, go to the hospital for relevant treatment in time.
Hospitalization nursing:
instructs patients to rest more and avoid fatigue, and in the acute phase, the patient should be bed resting and guides the patient to strengthen nutrition. Give patients psychological care, inform patients of the importance of seeking medical treatment in a timely manner, patiently explain to patients the necessity of various diagnosis and treatment and nursing operations, assist patients in taking medication; soothe patients' psychology, enhance patients' confidence in curing, and assist in the smooth progress of treatment; conduct health education for patients and discuss prevention and treatment measures applicable to individuals.
Drug treatment:
Due to large individual differences, there is no absolute best, fastest and most effective medication. In addition to commonly used over-the-counter drugs, the most suitable medication should be selected based on personal circumstances under the guidance of a doctor.
Different types of gynecological inflammation use different drugs:
Vulvar and vaginal inflammation:
Use corresponding sensitive antibiotics, antifungal or antitrichomonas according to the laboratory pathogen detection results. Commonly used include quinolones, cephalosporins (antibiotics), clotrimazole, miconazole , nystatin preparations (antifungal), nitroimidazole (antichomonas), etc.; locally, 0.1% povidone iodine solution or 1:5000 potassium permanganate solution can be used to sit bath, and use the corresponding drug suppository to put it into the vagina and directly kill it.
Cervicitis:
Empiric antibiotic treatment mostly uses azithromycin and doxycycline; according to the pathogen detection results, corresponding sensitive drugs such as cephalosporin, doxycycline, quinolones, etc. are used;
Pelvic inflammatory diseases:
Pathogens of pelvic inflammatory diseases are mostly mixed infections of Neisseria gonorrhea, Chlamydia and aerobic bacteria, so broad-spectrum antibiotics or combination drugs are mostly selected. Commonly used are: cephalosporins, quinolones, metronidazole, doxycycline, azithromycin, etc.
Surgery treatment:
Gynecological inflammation does not necessarily require surgery. Mild gynecological inflammation such as trichomonal vaginitis, bacterial vaginitis, etc. do not require surgery, and medication is enough. However, some inflammations also require surgery, such as:
Velvetibial Maddenitis in Vulvar inflammation:
When inflammation forms an abscess, surgery is required incision and drainage; when inflammation forms a cyst, ostomy is required if necessary; if urine leakage or fecal leakage is found at the same time, repair should be done in the relevant department in time.
Cervicitis:
If there is polyps in the cervix, polyps should be removed and polyps should be sent for pathological testing.
Pelvic inflammatory diseases:
Fallopian tube ovarian abscess, pelvic abscess, if the abscess is ineffective after antibiotic treatment (drug treatment continues to not drop or the mass does not disappear when the drug is treated 48 to 72 hours), or if the abscess is suspected to be ruptured (abdominal pain suddenly worsens, chills, high fever, nausea and vomiting, and toxic shock manifestations), surgical treatment is required in time. The surgery can be performed according to the specific circumstances, and percutaneous puncture drainage can be performed under ultrasound or CT guidance.
Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment:
mainly uses drugs that clear heat and detoxify, promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis , such as Yinqiao Jiedu Decoction, Zixue Dan, Angong Niuhuang Pill, etc.
Physical treatment:
is ineffective for repeated drug treatment, patients with chronic cervical mucositis with erosion-like changes in the cervix or contact bleeding can perform physical treatment, that is, laser, freezing, infrared , microwave and other methods can destroy the columnar epithelium of the cervical canal, so that squamous epithelium is reborn and re-cover the cervical canal mouth.
Summary:
There are many types of gynecological diseases. Once discovered, it is recommended to treat them as early as possible and try to treat them thoroughly. Otherwise, it will be prone to recurrence. It will not only disrupt everyone's normal life, but also become more and more difficult to treat. Therefore, everyone must pay special attention to it. Do not treat randomly, treat yourself or treat them indifferently.
