Uncle Zhang will retire in a few years, but recently he feels that his health is getting worse and worse. When the family eats at night, his daughter-in-law always asks him what's going on. He feels that he doesn't eat a lot every time. He says he doesn't know why he is always bored and always feels thirsty and wants to drink water, but it's very troublesome to go to the toilet at night.
His family felt that the symptoms of diabetic were similar to those of diabetic , so they accompanied him to the hospital and showed that it was really diabetes. The doctor prescribed him a metformin that lowers blood sugar and told him to take the medicine on time and dosage every day. However, after a period of time, his problem became more serious. It turned out that his method of taking metformin was wrong.
So what is the method to take metformin correctly? Let’s learn about it together below. If your family has suggestions for taking metformin, please learn about it.
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First understand what is metformin?
metformin is a biguanide antidiabetic drug . Its main function is to reduce blood sugar and inhibit liver sugar production. It inhibits the output of liver glucose in the liver, thereby reducing fasting and postprandial blood sugar. In addition, it includes muscles and fat in the peripheral area, which reduces blood sugar by using glucose extraction.
At present, metformin has gradually become more and more effective, including insulin resistance in patients with polycystic ovary. Metformin can improve insulin resistance and ovulation. Metformin has more and more preventive effects on tumor cardiovascular disease. The main effect is to reduce blood sugar. There may be enteric-coated tablets, ordinary tablets and sustained-release tablets on the market. In fact, no matter which type can be tolerated, it is a better drug to lower blood sugar.
This product is used in patients with type 2 diabetes who are not satisfied with dietary control, especially those with obesity and hyperinsulinemia. Using this medicine not only has the effect of lowering blood sugar, but also may reduce weight and hyperinsulinemia. It can be effective for some patients with poor efficacy of sulfonylurea , such as combined with sulfonylurea, small intestinal glycosidase inhibitors or thiazolidinedione hypoglycemic drugs, which is better than those used alone.
metformin is the most commonly used. Oral antidiabetic drugs belong to double melons, and mainly play a role in lowering glucose through the following mechanisms:
. Improve insulin resistance, increase insulin -mediated surrounding tissues, and use of glucose.
. Increase the utilization of basic glucose.
3. Reduce the production and output of liver glucose.
4. Activate AMP to activate protein kinase, metformin, which only plays a hypoglycemic effect when is hyperglycemia . When blood sugar is normal, it has no hypoglycemia, and rarely causes clinical hypoglycemia, so it is also called an antihyperglycemia drug.
is generally mainly absorbed in the small intestine after oral administration, and is completely absorbed in about 6 hours. The efficacy time is 6 to 8 hours. When 500 to 1500 mg orally, the absolute bioavailability reaches 50% to 60%, and the plasma concentration reaches its peak in two hours. It is not metabolized in the liver and body. It is excreted through the kidneys and urine.
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4 precautions to take metformin in mind, which may better control blood sugar! One article explains
. Medication time: Metformin has different dosage forms, including ordinary tablets enteric-coated tablets. For ordinary tablets, you can take them before, during or after meals, as long as the meal is not too long, if you need to take them on an empty stomach, you can quickly enter the intestine and exert effects.
. Pay attention to the amount you take: You cannot take a large dose from the beginning when taking metformin. You should start taking it once a day, 0.5 grams at a time. Do not increase the dose without authorization, and do not increase the dose infinitely. At most, do not exceed two a day. If you find that taking metformin does not better control blood sugar, you can add other hypoglycemic drugs to control sugar together.
3. Pay attention to adverse reactions: Metformin has a certain chance of adverse reactions, including nausea and diarrhea. When adverse reactions occur, you should respond to the doctor in time and take the medicine under the guidance of the doctor. If you have no discomfort when taking metformin before, you have felt weak and nausea in recent times, it may be lactic acid poisoning and you need to go to the hospital as soon as possible.
4. Be careful not to drink: Never drink alcohol when taking metformin, because alcohol is metabolized through the liver. When the liver metabolizes alcohol, it will reduce the ability to remove lactic acid, which may lead to lactic acid poisoning. Moreover, drinking alcohol is not a good thing for diabetic patients. Drinking alcohol can lead to hypoglycemia, and in the long run, it will increase blood sugar.
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How should diabetes be prevented in life?
Prevention and control of diabetes, it is necessary to do a good job in third-level prevention :
, first-level prevention : The goal is to control the risk factors of type 2 diabetes and prevent the occurrence of diabetes. In the general population, carry out health education, advocate reasonable diet , control weight, exercise appropriately, tobacco, limit alcohol and salt, and have a healthy life with a psychological balance, and improve the population's awareness of diabetes prevention and control.
, secondary prevention : The goal is to early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment, type 2 diabetes patients, among patients diagnosed with diabetes, prevent the occurrence of diabetes complications, and carry out disease screening, health, intervention, etc. among high-risk groups.
guides it to self-manage and strictly control blood sugar, which can significantly reduce the risk of diabetic microvascular lesions, myocardial infarction and death. It can lower glycemic and blood pressure according to the patient's condition, reduce low-density lipoprotein and use aspirin to prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular and diabetic microvascular diseases.
3. Third-level prevention: The goal is to delay the progress of diabetes complications that have occurred (such as non-proliferation stage, retinopathy microalbuminuria, etc.), reduce the disability rate, and improve the quality of life of patients. Actively provide specialized treatment for those with severe chronic diabetes complications that have already occurred.
