Summer is coming fiercely, and high temperatures are common across the country. In the persistent hot and muggy weather, there have been many cases of coma and even death due to "heat stroke" in midsummer this year.

The summer is coming fiercely, and high temperatures are common across the country. In the continuous hot and muggy weather, many cases of coma and even death due to "heat stroke" have occurred in midsummer this year.

High temperatures in summer can easily lead to heat stroke, and "heat stroke" is a severe form of heat stroke. Heat stroke is commonly defined as a severe heat stroke with a core temperature > 40°C and central nervous system abnormality. It is a type of heat stress caused by the action of heat on the body. fatal diseases. Therefore, we must pay attention and pay attention to prevention.

1. How to diagnose "heat stroke"?

At present, referring to the newly recommended diagnostic (suspected) criteria in the "Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Heat Stroke in China", the determination criteria are as follows:

(1) Medical history information: The patient is exposed to high ambient temperature and/or high humidity and engages in high temperature Intense exercise.

(2) Clinical manifestations: ① Central nervous system function damage (coma, convulsions, delirium , abnormal behavior); ② Core temperature exceeds 40°C; ③ Multiple organ function damage (≥2 organ function damage, including liver , kidney, striated muscle and gastrointestinal tract, etc.); ④ Severe coagulation or disseminated intravascular coagulation.

If the patient meets the medical history information and any of the clinical manifestations, and the symptoms cannot be explained by other reasons, heat stroke is considered.

2. "Heat stroke" can cause organ damage:

① Liver function damage: The pathological characteristics of heat stroke liver damage are degeneration and necrosis of liver lobules, accompanied by liver parenchymal damage. After the occurrence of heat stroke, intrahepatic blood flow decreases and disseminated intravascular coagulation occurs, and extensive microthrombi are formed in the liver, leading to ischemia and hypoxia.

② Bone damage: Exercise-induced muscle damage may lead to temperature regulation disorders and systemic inflammation, which may be a potential predisposing factor for exertional heat stroke.

③ Kidney damage: The pathogenesis of acute kidney injury due to heat stroke involves multiple mechanisms. Renal hypoperfusion caused by severe dehydration, myocardial edema and myocardial dysfunction is one of the causes of kidney injury. Rhabdomyolysis often occurs after heat stroke, which may be accompanied by myoglobinuria, leading to renal insufficiency . In addition, thermal injury may also directly affect kidney function.

3. July, August, and September every year are the periods of high incidence of heat stroke. The "dog days" are here. In the hot summer, let's take a look at how to reasonably prevent heat stroke.

1. Maintain adequate sleep and rest every day to relax the brain and body systems; be particular about drinking water. After sweating, drink mung bean soup, tea, or body fluids. Plain water may not help.

2. Eat a reasonable diet, eat more high-protein, high-vitamin foods, fruits and vegetables, to enhance the body's immunity; eat less high-oil and high-fat foods, and try to eat as light a diet as possible.

3. In hot weather, do not wait until you are thirsty before drinking water. Drink water in small amounts and frequently, and the water temperature should not be too high. After strenuous exercise or labor, replenish water in time, such as sports drink , etc.

4. Stay in a cool environment and try to stay indoors in hot weather.

. Pay attention to the prevention of high-risk groups: ① Infants: In hot weather, infants and children should wear cool, loose clothes, wear sun hats or use parasols, and do not leave infants or children alone in the car. inside. ② The elderly: There are gastroenteritis , chronic cardiopulmonary insufficiency and other diseases that can easily induce heat stroke, and they must be actively treated early. ③ Workers in high-temperature environments: Pay attention to maintaining ventilation. It is recommended to drink more water and supplement the inorganic salt components needed by the human body, such as calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, magnesium, etc., to avoid dehydration.

After the onset of heat stroke, the clinical progress is rapid and the mortality rate is high.Active prevention of heat stroke is still an important means to reduce the incidence.

References:

[1] Health open class. Traditional Chinese Medicine Yang Zhen

[2] Wang Ling, Jin Hongxu, Guo Junfeng, Ge Feng, Sun Xianglei, Wu Guanghao, Wang Beibei, Gao Yan. Progress in clinical research on heat stroke[J]. Trauma and Critical Care Medicine, 2022,10(02):81-82.