As human living standards continue to improve, tall buildings, highways and high-speed railways appear on the earth. However, as the climate warms, earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides and other natural disasters often appear in life. If an earthquake occurs, can the high-speed rail at full speed escape the disaster? It is reported that in 2004, an earthquake occurred in Niigata Prefecture, Japan, causing the operation of Uetsuki Shinkansen to directly derail.
In 2011, a magnitude 6.5 earthquake occurred in Tohoku, Japan, which also caused the Shinkansen train to derail during the test. It is not difficult to see that the occurrence of an earthquake can cause the normal operation of the high-speed rail, and even after an earthquake, it will bring huge difficulties to the emergency repair team after the disaster. The biggest reason for this situation is that ordinary high-speed rails are directly laid with gravel to increase buffering. If they encounter an earthquake, they can continue to use the twisted rails after they are retreaded. However, most high-speed rails are built on bridges. Once an earthquake occurs, the main structure of the bridge will be affected, and it is very likely that the bridge will need to be rebuilt. Take China's Guangzhou-Zhuhai Intercity High-speed Railway for example, the proportion of bridges reached 94.2%, and the proportion of bridges to the Beijing-Tianjin Intercity High-speed Railway also reached 87.7%.
The most important thing is that the average driving speed of high-speed rail is mostly around 200 kilometers to 300 kilometers per hour. Once an earthquake occurs, the front of the car is likely to derail. This causes the train to lose braking and even overturn. So many times, earthquakes have a great impact on high-speed rail at full speed. So why are China's high-speed rail never worried about being affected by earthquakes? That's because my country has added the earthquake warning system to the high-speed rail, and uses the P wave monitoring method to issue early warnings to the high-speed rail in operation. Moreover, this early warning system is not installed in the high-speed rail train, but is installed between two adjacent high-speed rail stations.
According to relevant data statistics, this system is equipped with a digital acceleration design, which can be monitored and reported in time after an earthquake occurs, and the entire process will not exceed 100 milliseconds. More importantly, in order to deal with tunnel landslides caused by earthquakes, when my country built a tunnel, it specially built an shock-proof with a length of about 40 meters. This is done solely during an earthquake that ensures that the tunnel is not seriously affected. In addition, when building high-speed rail bridges, my country also adopted a special bridge-tunnel structure, mostly mainly I-beam .
The advantage of using this structure is that the earthquake resistance level can reach 8 or above. Therefore, in order to ensure that the high-speed rail is not affected by earthquakes during operation, China has not only added an early warning system to protect it. At the same time, the infrastructure team had already taken everything into consideration in the early stages of construction, so all measures were enough to ensure that my country's high-speed rail was foolproof.
(text/Huaqiang)
