On November 25, 1950, Peng Dehuai, the commander-in-chief of the Volunteer Army, sent a top-secret telegram to the Central Military Commission. The telegram contained only a few hundred words, but Peng Dehuai took more than an hour to write it. During the period, he changed several telegrams. In the newspaper, Peng Dehuai choked several times, and a breath of grief enveloped the entire Volunteer Army headquarters. When the communications staff in charge of generating electricity knocked out the code of more than one hundred characters, they also interrupted several times, tears have already soaked the radio station in front of him. paper.
When the Central Military Commission received this telegram, it was also very embarrassed. Not only did it classify the content of the telegram as confidential, it also immediately convened a meeting of the Central Military Commission to discuss whether to report the content of the telegram to great men and who would report it. How to report. In the end, the Central Military Commission was unable to decide, or left this problem to Premier Zhou Enlai for decision.
Prime Minister Zhou was also very embarrassed when he got the news, his eyes were red and red, and finally decided to report the news to the great man: " Mao Anying was dropped by a UN bomber at around 11 am on November 25th. The bullet burned . "
Chairman Mao and Mao Anying took a photo
After hearing this news, the great man felt very sudden and very sad. At this time, the great man was 57 years old. The pain of the old bereavement made his health more and more serious. Oops, this is his saddest day since the Liberation War.
The death of Mao Anying shocked the world. No one would have thought that one of the founders of the People’s Republic of China, the first president of the People’s Republic of China, and the chairman of the Military Commission would send his 28-year-old son to the world of the Korean War. Going in a war that is not promising.
Now 71 years have passed since the sacrifice of Comrade Mao Anying. Many state-level classified documents have gradually been made public. After Mao Anying’s sacrifice, the telegram Peng Dehuai sent to the Central Military Commission is also made public. It is in this that we can find Mao An. Many details of Ying's death.
The drifting childhood cultivated a strong character
Mao Anying was born in Changsha, Hunan in 1922. At that time Chairman Mao was leading the labor movement in Changsha, Anyuan and other places. The revolution is in full swing. Chairman Mao was born after Mao Anying was born. I just met a few times in a hurry. In Mao Anying’s childhood, the impression of his father was only that " father is a tall man and is busy with major events. " On April 12, 1927, Chiang Kai-shek launched the four The "12" counter-revolutionary coup d'etat, the mass arrest and massacre of communists, Mao Anying, who was only five and a half years old, began an escape career with his mother and hid in Changsha Dongxiang Itakura with his mother and younger brother.
(Mao Anying's childhood with his mother Yang Kaihui and his younger brother Mao Anqing)
In 1930, Hunan warlord He Jian arrested Yang Kaihui, and Mao Anying, who was only eight years old, was also imprisoned with his mother. After his arrest, Yang Kaihui fought hard with the reactionaries in prison. Finally, in the struggle, he sacrificed heroically. Mao Anying witnessed the heroic sacrifice of his mother. This is an unforgettable scene in his life. Z5z is precisely why Mao Anying is determined to participate in the revolution and avenge his mother . After Yang Kaihui's sacrifice, Mao Anying's grandmother released Mao Anying and his younger brothers Mao Anying and Mao Anlong on bail, and was sent to Shanghai's uncle Mao Zemin the following year.
The situation of the revolution at that time was very severe. Shanghai was even the white terror center of the country. Mao Zemin had to send his three children to the Datong kindergarten run by underground party comrades. However, not long after the three brothers settled down, Mao Anying’s third brother Mao Anyong died. (There is also a sudden disappearance said). Only eight-year-old Mao Anying was left with his younger brother Mao Anying. The two brothers in the kindergarten were well taken care of. Every day, they were comrades of our party. Therefore, Mao Anying came into contact with communism very early. Originally thought that the life of drifting and displaced was over, but he did not expect that Gu Shunzhang's rebellion would once again change his life.
Gu Shunzhang
In 1931, because of Gu Shunzhang’s rebellion, my underground party was greatly damaged. Datong Kindergarten was also forced to disband urgently. Mao Anying and his brother Mao Anying had nowhere to go, and they were in danger of being arrested again by the reactionaries at any time, thanks to " "Red Pastor" Mr. Dong Jianwu took the two brothers home to . In 1933, because the Party Central Committee had moved to JiangXi Ruijin, the funding provided by the party organization was temporarily interrupted, Dong Jianwu's original wife's attitude towards the Mao Anying brothers gradually deteriorated, and the brothers were driven out of the house. Mao Anying took his younger brother to live a wandering life, at this time Mao Anying was only 11 years old.
After Dong Jianwu learned the news, they found the two again, because Dong Jianwu divorced his original wife. In 1936, as the struggle situation became more and more complicated, Dong Jianwu sent the two brothers to the Soviet Union to enter the International Children’s Home in Moscow under the guidance of General Li Du, the former Northeast Army general. Here, Mao Anying received systematic education and spent several years as a homeless life. And witnessed the deeds of countless communist fighters dedicated to realizing their ideals, which gave Mao Anying a firm revolutionary conviction.
In 1939, Mao Anying, who performed well in the International Children's Home, joined the Communist Youth League and served as the branch secretary of the International Children's Home of the Communist Youth League. In 1941, after the outbreak of the Soviet Patriotic War, Mao Anying took the initiative to request participation in the war. Because the Communist Party of China and the Soviet Union had an agreement not to allow Chinese children to perform military service, it was not approved at the beginning, but Mao Anying insisted on participating in the war and found the Soviet general The deputy director of the political department, although Mao Anying's request to participate in the war was agreed, he must first go to the military school to study.
Mao Anying
In 1943, Mao Anying graduated with honors from the military academy and was awarded the rank of lieutenant in the Soviet Red Army. He also joined the Bolshevism Party of the Soviet Union, and later returned to China to become a member of the Chinese Communist Party . Soon after, Mao Anying was elected to the Frunze Military Academy for advanced studies. During this period, Mao Anying served as the party representative of the Soviet Red Army Tank Company and participated in the Soviet Red Army’s march into Belarus, Poland and the Czech Republic.
In January 1946, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union sent a group of doctors to Yan'an. Only then did Mao Anying have the opportunity to return to the motherland after a ten-year absence, and fly back with these doctors. Before leaving, Stalin, the Supreme Leader of the Soviet Union, specially received Mao Anying and presented Mao Anying with a pistol. Mao Anying carried this pistol with him until he died.
(Mao Anying and Stalin)
After Mao Anying returned to China, the great man greeted him and the doctor sent by the Soviet Union at the airport in Yan'an. The father and son met again after more than ten years. Mao Anying is no longer the thigh holding his father. The child who wants candy, the great man is no longer a father with a strong back. According to the memories of the comrades who worked in the Ya'an organization at that time, the great man’s body improved a lot and his mood became happier. But two days after the father and son reunited, the great man asked Mao Anying to go to the office canteen to have a big stove with the staff, and he was famous at the time. Wu Man, a model worker in the Liberated Areas, had a family to learn farming, and Mao Anying never blamed his father for this. After the outbreak of the Liberation War, Mao Anying had been requesting to participate in the fighting, but was unanimously opposed by the Central Military Commission, and only allowed him to be responsible for land reform and propaganda work in the liberated areas. After the Liberation War, Mao Anying has been working at the grassroots level. He once served as the deputy secretary of the party committee of the factory and was responsible for the ideological construction of factory workers.
On October 15, 1949, half a month after the founding of New China, Mao Anying married Liu Siqi, the daughter of the martyr Liu Qianchu, with the help of the party organization. The great man personally attended the wedding of the two. In the spring of 1950, Mao Anying visited the Soviet Union with Li Kenong, Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs, and served as Li Kenong’s interpreter. After returning to China, Mao Anying returned to the grassroots to take part in work. He served as the deputy secretary of the Party branch of the Beijing General Machinery Factory, determined to continue working in the factory for ten consecutive years. work.
Chairman Mao and Mao Anying
"walked through the back door" to join the volunteers and became the first volunteers
On June 25, 1950, the Korean War broke out and the Korean People's Army quickly defeated the South Korean army and the US troops in South Korea. As of July 31st, the Korean People’s Army had broken through Jinju and surrounded the U.S.-South Korea coalition forces in the narrow and long area of Busan. During this period, the UN Security Council successively passed three resolutions: " condemns the North Korean government's act of launching war ", " imposes a military embargo on North Korea" and " sends UN troops to implement military assistance to South Korea " and appointed MacArthur, the top commander of the United States in Japan, served as the commander-in-chief of the United Nations army and was responsible for leading all tasks of the United Nations army in the Korean War. On September 15, 1950, United Nations Commander-in-Chief MacArthur carried out the Incheon ascentPlan Lu cut off the waist of the Korean People’s Army, and the Korean People’s Army was quickly defeated and forced to withdraw to the north of the 38th parallel.
On October 1, 1950, the United Nations Army and the Korean Army ignored my country’s warning that "If you cross the 38th Parallel, China will send troops to war", they sent troops to North Korea for large-scale military activities. The United Nations Army also issued " never in history. There is a clear statement that the Yalu River is the border between China and North Korea, and has carried out bombing of the Dandong area of our country, and sent the Seventh Fleet into the Taiwan Strait in an attempt to interfere in our internal affairs. At this time, the central leadership of our country did not reach an agreement on whether to send troops to North Korea. It was not until October 8, 1950, that the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee confirmed the decision of to send troops to North Korea, and mobilized the people of the whole country to prepare the Chinese people. Volunteer army.
Volunteers entered the North Korean war
At this time, Mao Anying was still serving as deputy secretary of the Party branch at the Beijing General Machinery Factory, and was ordered by the party committee to mobilize the masses. While performing his tasks, Mao Anying secretly made up his mind to join the volunteers and went with Uncle Peng Dehuai. The North Korean frontline defends its home and country. But at that time he was already the deputy secretary of the Party branch of the machine factory, and all transfers had to be applied to the superiors. The situation at that time was already very urgent. It would take a certain amount of time to apply through procedures, and the approval of the superiors was another. In the end, Mao Anying decided to join the volunteer army through the "back door".
Mao Anying's most direct "back door" channel is to ask his father to transfer himself to the volunteer army, but this will not affect his father, so he first "ventilates" with Chairman Mao and explains to Chairman Mao that he is participating in the volunteer army. Intentions and concerns, and proposed the idea of "going through the back door". Chairman Mao was very happy that Mao Anying had such thoughts, which showed that his son was not a coward who would only hide behind in a war. Such a "back door" is worth walking, and he is willing to go for his son. Such a backdoor.
So when Chairman Mao discussed with Peng Dehuai on the details of sending troops to North Korea, he asked Peng Dehuai to stay for lunch and let Mao Anying accompany him. During lunch, when Peng Dehuai asked about Mao Anying’s work, Mao Anying said that the work of mobilizing the people to support the Volunteer Army was very smooth recently. Peng Dehuai was very happy. Mao Anying then put forward his idea of joining the Volunteer Army. Peng Dehuai asked what the great man meant. The chairman stated that this was a matter between their uncles and nephews. Peng Dehuai understood that Chairman Mao supported Mao Anying's participation in the Volunteer Army, so he gladly accepted Mao Anying's request and said that Mao Anying was the No. 1 volunteer of the Volunteer Army. Z6z Mao Anying then flew to Shenyang with Peng Dehuai and assisted Peng Dehuai in reorganizing the Northeast Frontier Army into a volunteer army.
(Photo of Mao Anying in military uniform)
On October 19, 1950, Mao Anying followed the Volunteer Army Headquarters across the Yalu River and entered North Korea. He served as a confidential secretary and Russian translator for the Volunteer Army Headquarters, and was appointed by the Party Committee as Party Branch Secretary because of Mao Anying. The identity of Mao Anying was kept secret by the party. Only a few senior leaders of the Volunteer Army Command knew Mao Anying’s true identity, and none of the others knew it. Mao Anying also insisted on eating and living with colleagues and comrades, and refused to take special care of him. Therefore, almost no one in the country knows about Mao Anying's participation in the volunteer army to send troops to Korea.
On October 25, Peng Dehuai commanded the Volunteer Army to launch the first battle. The Volunteer Army’s 40th Army 118 Division took back Wenjing in just over an hour. The United Nations and the Korean Army did not realize that the Volunteers participated in the war. At that time, I thought that this was just a volunteer team from China. In addition, the 38th Army miscalculated the enemy’s situation, lost its fighter planes to annihilate the United Nations, and failed to completely complete the goal of annihilating the enemy in the first campaign, and the United Nations did not understand The actual combat power of the volunteers, but the United Nations troops also fully retreated to the area south of the Chingchuan River. Z2z
commanded the operation of Peng Dehuai
. Although the first battle of
did not have the expected effect, it was also victorious and initially reversed the situation on the Korean battlefield. So the Volunteer Army Headquarters immediately began planning for the second battle. Volunteer Army Headquarters After research, it was decided to launch the second battle on November 25 and reported to the Central Military Commission. After obtaining the approval of the Central Military Commission, the volunteers quickly began to prepare for the second battle.
NovemberOn the 25th, the Volunteers faced the "Christmas General Offensive" of the United Nations and decided to launch a counterattack at dusk. However, just as the Volunteers were preparing for the second battle in full swing, a tragedy occurred.
In order to rescue confidential documents, Mao Anying unfortunately sacrificed
On the morning of November 25, 1950, the Volunteer Army Headquarters had moved into a safe cave. Mao Anying and three other staff members were still sorting out documents in the original temporary wooden hut of the Volunteer Army Headquarters. . At 11 o'clock in the morning, there was a roar of planes flying at low altitude over the wooden house. Mao Anying, who had been fighting in North Korea for a month, immediately realized that the U.S. bomber was coming, and hurriedly ran out of the wooden house to hide with the three people in the house. As soon as the enemy bomber passed by, Mao Anying and three other staff officers rushed back to the wooden house and rescued the plane’s documents. At this time, another group of UN bombers passed by and bombed the wooden house again. People outside the house hurriedly shouted , Let them run out quickly.
Two of the staff members shouted and ran out of the wooden house, but Mao Anying and the other staff officer Gao Ruixin had no time to run out of the wooden house. The bomber formation of the United Nations once again dropped the incendiary bomb, and the wooden house instantly became a sea of flames. Mao Anying and Gao Ruixin Suddenly swallowed by the merciless fire , the Volunteer Commander-in-Chief Peng Dehuai picked up a telegram with grief and walked into his room after receiving the news. According to the staff at the time, Peng Dehuai picked up the telegraph. After the newspaper entered the room, they could hear Peng Dehuai's strong crying outside the house. They didn't know Mao Anying's true identity at the time. They didn't know that they ate and lived with them until the end of the second battle. , The secret secretary who seems to be inconspicuous is Mao Anying, the son of the great man.
Of the two staff officers who rushed out of the cabin at that time, one of them was Xu Muyuan. The volunteers worked together when they were still in the country. On October 16, 1950, they took a photo together, but they didn’t. Thinking that this is the last image left by Mao Anying in China, the photo was regarded as a treasure by Xu Muyuan and kept with him until November 9, 2020, the 20th of the documentary "Resistance to U.S. Aid Korea, Defend the Country" broadcast by China Central Television. Episode: Remember the history of , only then made this photo public with the telegram Peng Dehuai sent to the Central Military Commission that day.
(Mao Anying’s last photo in China)
Peng Dehuai wrote in the telegram:
Mao and the two senior comrades were burned to death by incendiary bombs
Military Commission, Gao He
We entered the air raid shelter at 7 o’clock today, and Mao Anying was in the house with three staff officers. At 11 o'clock, when the four enemy planes passed by, the four of them had come out. After the enemy plane passed by, the four of them returned to the house. Suddenly four enemy planes came and dropped nearly a hundred incendiary bombs and hit the house. At that time, two staff officers ran away. After leaving, Mao Anying and Gao Ruixin were burned to death before they could run out, and there was no other loss. Z6z
Zhisi
Peng Dehuai sent a telegram to the Central Military Commission
This telegram of more than 100 words, Peng Dehuai wrote for more than an hour, the grief can hardly be described in the form of , this highly secret telegram was sent to the Central Military Commission. Immediately ordered the content of this telegram to be kept confidential, and held a meeting to discuss whether to report this matter to the great man, who will report this matter, and how to report this matter. In the end, the Central Military Commission passed the problem to Premier Zhou. Premier Zhou decided to report this matter to the great man. If it takes a long time to tell the great man, the damage to the great man will be even greater. Premier Zhou calmed his heart and walked into the room of the great man with red eyes. The great
saw Premier Zhou’s red eyes and realized what had happened, but he did not expect that it would be news of Mao Anying’s sacrifice on the front line. According to the great man's guard at the time, Li Jiaji recalled: Chairman
suddenly took and threw the cigarette there. Turning around, he lit his cigarette again. Originally the matchbox was in front of him, he didn't know it, but he was still looking for it in his pocket. It was teary, but it was not obvious to you to see that he was crying, but we were very clear in our hearts. He had more tears than us, and it hurts. That is his dearest son.
The pain of losing a son is incomprehensible to ordinary people, not to mention that Mao Anying has not been around a great man since he was a child, and the reunion of father and son only took more than 4 yearsMao Anying's sensibility is even more popular with great men. For wars such as the Korean War, which is extremely unequal and extremely dangerous, Mao Anying took the initiative to ask for it. It is precisely because of this that Mao Anying is the favorite child of great men, but it happens to be because of North Korea. The war made Mao Anying sacrifice, and Mao Anying was only 28 years old when he died.
Up to now, Mao Anying’s tomb is still in North Korea and it has become the best testimony of the friendship between China and North Korea. Mao Anying is not only the son of a great man, but also the No. 1 volunteer of the Chinese People’s Volunteers. There have been several proposals to move Mao Anying’s tomb back to China, but As the great man said: loyal bones are buried everywhere in the green hills, why should the horse leather shroud be returned?
