Preface
On September 10, 1955, Xu Guangda suddenly received a call.
phone number was called by Peng Dehuai. As soon as the phone was answered, Peng Dehuai said angrily on the other side of the phone, "What are you doing? Isn't this a nonsense?"
Xu Guangda was very calm, "General Peng, you have appointed me as a general. It's too high. I'm not qualified at all. I have already reported to Military Commission ."
"I saw the report, I gave you three words, I don't agree." Peng Dehuai directly rejected Xu Guangda.
"If you don't agree, then I will send another report to Chairman Mao."
Hearing Xu Guangda say this, Peng Dehuai told him, "You don't need to hit the report anymore, come and report it to me directly."
front line of life and death
Why did Peng Dehuai firmly oppose Xu Guangda's downgrade? This has to be said from the beginning.
Xu Guangda was an old revolutionary. In 1925, he joined the Communist Party of China in Changsha.
was the period of cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China, so Xu Guangda was selected to study at Whampoa Military Academy.
In early 1926, Xu Guangda entered the Whampoa Military Academy to study artillery major. In addition to studying military affairs, Xu Guangda also actively received ideological education for the Communist Party.
In May, Chiang Kai-shek's wolf ambitions began to be exposed. He proposed a "Case of Rectification of Party Affairs" to restrict the Communist Party and forced Communist Party members in the school to re-fille the form to register their party members. On Xu Guangda's registration form, he solemnly wrote, "Don't quit the Communist Party."
In August, Xu Guangda joined the Nanchang Uprising troops in Ningdu . During the Sanheba battle, he, who had already served as the company commander of the rebel army, was seriously injured and forced to leave the army. After recovering from the injury, Xu Guangda searched everywhere for the lost party organizations and troops. It was not until 1929 that Xu Guangda finally found the revolutionary base in western Hubei led by He Long. 930, Red Second Army was established. He Long served as the commander-in-chief and in charge of the Red 3rd Army and the Red 6th Army. Xu Guangda was the commander of the 17th Division of the Red 6th Army. Under He Long's command, Xu Guangda made many achievements. He Long praised this handsome general and gave a thumbs up as soon as he lifted it up.
There is no doubt that the troops suffered heavy casualties. When they retreated to the Yanglin Temple area, the troops were surrounded by three enemy troops. At this critical moment, Xu Guangda's 17th Division resisted the fierce attack of the enemy and successfully covered the evacuation of the Legion Command.
On December 17, the Kuomintang army organized three brigades to launch an attack on the 17th Division. After the 49th Regiment commander died, the position was broken by the enemy. In order to regain the position, Xu Guangda ordered all the staff of the division headquarters to organize to defeat the enemy and regain the position. After the incident, the army leader praised the 17th Division, "This time, Xu Guangda saved us."
In December 1932, Xu Guangda encountered a very difficult battle - the Battle of Wamiaoji. Although the Red Army killed more than 2,000 enemies by , it suffered heavy casualties, and several strategic areas were also lost one after another.
At this time, Xu Guangda, who was then the commander of the 25th Regiment of the Red 3rd Army, quickly led his troops into the middle of the enemy, trying to divide the enemy. But the enemy soon discovered Xu Guangda's intention and turned to defense and resisted to the death.
battle lasted until January 1933, when the enemy reinforcements gradually approached. If the enemy in Wamiaoji could not be eliminated as soon as possible, the Red Army would be in danger of being wiped out.
Xu Guangda was anxious. He took off the file package and telescope on his body and handed it to the chief of staff, "You are here to command it, it is difficult for the second battalion, I will go to the second battalion."
Then, he rode his horse and whipped it, and came to the front line position. Seeing that the soldiers of the second battalion were pressed down by the dense bullets, Xu Guangda hurriedly commanded the second battalion commander, "Take a platoon and detour from the side of the enemy..." Before he finished speaking, Xu Guangda was shot in the chest by a row of bullets. He was unconscious on the spot and knew nothing.After the battle of
, Xu Guangda, who was seriously injured, was sent to the Red Army Hospital in Qujiawan, Honghu, . The commander Duan Dechang also rushed over after hearing the news. He held the dean's hand and begged to the other party, "Xu Guangda is rare, you must do your best to save him!"
was talking, when a 20-year-old doctor named Yang Dingcheng came over. Although he is not very old, he is a very authoritative doctor in the Soviet area.
He told Duan Dechang the truth, "Don't hold too much hope. The bullet is too close to the heart. It is very dangerous to use a knife. If you don't use a knife, your life will be gone soon."
Duan Dechang was so anxious that he was sweating, "What are you waiting for? Get surgery quickly!"
"How to do it? There is no drop of anesthetic. Such a major operation, the intestines and stomach are broken. If there is no anesthetic, you will not hurt people to death!"
Duan Dechang didn't know what to do. At this time, Xu Guangda opened He spoke, "It doesn't matter if there is no anesthetic, it hurts inside and outside."
Duan Dechang turned around in the voice and saw Xu Guangda awakening. He grabbed Xu Guangda's hand, "You wake up!"
Xu Guangda was still thinking about the battle, "Has the artillery tower been knocked out?"
"Liuzhiji has been defeated, and the Wamiaoji has been defeated too!"
Xu Guangda finally breathed a sigh of relief, and in an instant, he fell into a coma again.
After Xu Guangda fell into a coma, the hospital conducted a detailed examination for him again. The bullet was only 10 cm away from the heart. The situation was urgent and we could not delay it any longer.
The doctor and nurse were busy preparing the tools and medicines needed for the operation. Because there was no anesthetic, the doctor gestured several times but couldn't bear to take the surgery.
Xu Guangda stared at his eyes, "Doctor, I can hold on, you can take the knife." After that, he stuffed a towel into his mouth.
The surgeon gritted his teeth and cut the scalpel into Xu Guangda's flesh. The young nurse next to her was crying and blood flowed all over the pot, but Xu Guangda didn't say a word.
hours later, the operation was not over yet. The bullet was embedded too deep, and the cut hole could not remove the bullet at all. The doctors could only continue to cut a knife on the stitching edge, but they still failed. followed by the third time, but unfortunately it failed the third time. He Long saw that his love general was in danger, he made a quick decision and sent someone to send Xu Guangda to Shanghai.
Just as Xu Guangda's stretcher was about to be carried on the ship, the chief of staff of the 25th Regiment came on horseback. On behalf of the commanders and fighters of the entire regiment, he saluted Xu Guangda a standard military salute.
Xu Guangda looked at him, and tears were unconsciously filled with tears in his eyes.
After going to Shanghai, the situation was still not optimistic, and the Kuomintang is stepping up its search for Communists. There was no way, the Party Central Committee had to send him to the Soviet Union.
In May 1932, Xu Guangda went to Moscow. Five months later, he entered the Chinese class of the International Lenin College of Moscow.
In the autumn of 1934, Xu Guangda transferred to the Oriental University advanced training class and systematically studied military theory and military technology.
In February 1935, because Xu Guangda was well aware of the language and national conditions of China and the Soviet Union, he was sent to Xinjiang by the Soviet delegation to mediate conflicts between local separatist forces.
A year later, Xu Guangda, who completed the task, returned to Moscow. Later, he went to the car training class held by the Oriental Workers Communist University. What I learned here is connected with Xu Guangda's major in Huangpu . In addition to the structure and operation of automobiles and tanks, Xu Guangda also learned tank offensive and defensive tactics, marching, camping, reconnaissance, and alerting.
937, after the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, Xu Guangda returned to China and arrived in Yan'an in 1938.He was appointed as the Minister of the Training Department of the Anti-Japanese Military and Political University, and later served as the Director of Education.
Here, in addition to focusing on the revolution and education, Xu Guangda also had an unexpected surprise, that is, he was reunited with the "Tao Girl" he had not seen in ten years.
Yan'an Reunion
"Tao Meizi" was originally named Zou Jingze, and later changed its name to Zou Jinghua. She is the second daughter of Xu Guangda's mentor Zou Xilu.
925, when Xu Guangda was studying at Changsha Normal School, Zou Xilu saw that he was talented and worked hard to improve, so he betrothed his beloved daughter Zou Jinghua.At that time, Xu Guangda was 14 years old and Zou Jinghua was only 9 years old. Naturally, he didn’t know what love was. In 1928, they became husband and wife in a daze.
Ten days after marriage, Xu Guangda, who was already a Communist Party member, was betrayed by a traitor. There was no way, so Xu Guangda had to leave his wife and run away. The two of them have not seen each other for ten years after leaving
. At first, there was no news between them, and they didn't even know whether the other party was dead or alive.
Since Xu Guangda asked her to study, Zou Jinghua started studying night school and learning culture as he said. A few months later, Zou Jinghua lost Xu Guangda news again. She was upset and worried that Xu Guangda would have any accidents. At this time, she received a letter from the Soviet Union.
Xu Guangda attached ten small notes to the letter, with the receiving address written in Russian, and told her that every time she wrote the letter, she would receive the notes on the envelope.
However, because the Kuomintang's relations with the Soviet Union deteriorated, the postal routes on both sides were cut off, and the two lost contact again.
Many people chased him to introduce him to his partner, and some bold and beautiful girls took the initiative to approach Xu Guangda, but Xu Guangda only cared about his wife.
He wrote a letter to Zou Jinghua, but the letter from the base area to , the Kuomintang-controlled area could not be sent at all. He also often read the roster of anti-United University students, especially those from Hubei. Xu Guangda also went to ask people if they knew Zou Jinghua, but he never found anything.
Someone advised Xu Guangda, "You and Tao Mei Zi have been separated for ten years, and the wars are in chaos. She may not be alive for a long time. Then wouldn't you wait in vain?"
Xu Guangda replied,
"No, I have to wait. If she is not dead, wouldn't it be heartbroken to see me marry someone else? After so many years, she has struggled on the line of life and death, doing so much for me, hoping to reunite with me. Even if she is really dead, I will go to her grave and add a handful of soil, otherwise I will not marry again."
At this time, Xu Guangda could not imagine that the "Tao Mei Zi" he had been thinking about day and night would soon come to Yan'an.
Just like that, Zou Jinghua and his sister Xu Qiliang arrived in Yan'an together, and it was August 1938.
A few days later, a young soldier came to Zou Jinghua's dormitory, "Who are you calling Zou Jinghua?"
Zou Jinghua walked forward, "Who is looking for me?"
"We are the chief of education."
"Who are your chief of education?"
"Xu Guangda."
After hearing this name, Zou Jinghua was stunned. Xu Guangda couldn't wait to walk in from outside the door and hugged his wife who was already in tears.
How did Xu Guangda learn that Zou Jinghua came to Yan'an? Thanks to Lin Boqu for this matter.
It turned out that Zou Jinghua had asked Lin Boqu in Xi'an about Xu Guangda's whereabouts. Later, Lin Boqu sent Xu Guangda a telegram, telling Zou Jinghua about his preparations to go to Yan'an.
Xu Guangda was surprised and happy after receiving the telegram. He did not expect that Zou Jinghua was not only alive, but also prepared to come to Yan'an to participate in the revolution.
He immediately replied to Lin Boqu, saying that he welcomed Zou Jinghua to Yan'an. However, before Zou Jinghua received this telegram, she had already arrived in Yan'an by car.
For a time, their love story was rumored to be a good story. Zou Jinghua was the backing of Xu Guangda in every detail, so that he could fight the enemy with all his heart and soul.
Peng Dehuai's favorite general
942, Xu Guangda applied to the central government to request that he be able to work on the front line of the anti-Japanese war. He was subsequently transferred to the 2nd Independent Brigade of the 120th Division of the Eighth Route Army as brigade commander. 1, Xu Guangda served as the commander of the Second Division of the Jinsui Military Region. During the anti-"sweeping" in the autumn of 1943, the second division carried out 148 battles of all sizes, regaining a large area of land occupied by the Japanese army.In November 1946, Xu Guangda was appointed commander of the Third Column of the Jinsui Field Army. In August 1947, Xu Guangda received an order from the Central Military Commission to cross the west of the Yellow River and participate in the key attack of smashing the Kuomintang reactionaries under Peng Dehuai.
In fact, Xu Guangda learned about this from He Long half a month ago. At that time, he also assured He Long, "I will go to the Northwest battlefield to fight a big battle, fight a good war, this is my pursuit."
Hi Long laughed, "Okay, this is a military order. If you can't fight, I'll hit your butt."
On August 4, Xu Guangda's Independent 2nd Brigade and Independent 4th Brigade crossed the Yellow River. At that time, Peng Dehuai's instructions were very clear. On August 6, each column began to clear the battles outside of Yulin at the same time, and no delays were allowed.
In response to this, Xu Guangda said at the combat meeting, "We must fight the first battle to enter the northwest and give General Peng a generous gift to the Jin Dynasty." On the evening of the 26th, the enemy had already established solid fortifications at the two strongholds of Qiaojiatan and Gaojiabao. The 17th Regiment responsible for attacking Gaojiabao fought fiercely with the enemy for a day without knowing it.
After Xu Guangda carefully analyzed the enemy situation, he changed his playing style and gave priority to concentrating his troops to attack Gaojiabao. After the intense battle, Gaojiabao was finally conquered.
On the morning of September, the combat section chief handed the prepared telegram to Xu Guangda. This was a telegram to be transferred to He Long and Peng Dehuai. It truthfully wrote the results of the Gaojiabao battle.
"A total of more than 200 enemies were killed and injured, and Zhang Ziying, the commander of Shaanxi Northern Security, and more than 1,400 people were captured..."
Xu Guangda proudly signed the report, "Send it immediately, this is a gift from Jin to President Peng. I don't know if General Peng is satisfied!"
Peng Dehuai was naturally satisfied with this gift from Jin, and the "report card" handed over by Xu Guangda later made Peng Dehuai deepen his love for him.
In October 1947, Xu Guangda received an urgent telegram from Peng Dehuai, saying that he ordered that Qingjian City be captured and the enemy's 76th Division commander Liao Ang and enemy's 24th Brigade commander Zhang Xinhan must be captured alive. All preparations must be completed at 16 o'clock on the 5th.
Xu Guangda was thinking about the dangerous terrain that was easy to defend but difficult to attack. In addition to a large number of defending enemies, there were also various obstacles made of mines and barbed wire mesh. How can we complete these two tasks that are not easy to complete?
html At dawn on the 27th, the battle began. Xu Guangda first sent people to seize the inverted hanging liu in the west of the city and the east of the city. Unfortunately, the enemy was not so easy to break through. After fighting for a day and a night, the two commanding heights were still not captured. htmlEarly on the morning of the 29th, Peng Dehuai sent a telegram saying that the 5th and a half brigade of the 29th Army of Liu Kan had arrived to support him, and now it is only one day away from Qingjian City.At the moment, there is no other way except to fight quickly. So, Xu Guangda reorganized the attacking force, concentrated the firepower of the entire column, and took down the storm. Then, Bijia Mountain was also captured.
Just as Xu Guangda was preparing to capture Qingjian City, the 29th Army rushed over. Peng Dehuai sent a teaching regiment to cooperate with the New Fourth Brigade to fight against Liu Kan. Xu Guangda, as the front-line commander, must shorten the combat time.
After thinking about it, Xu Guangda decided to write a letter to Liao Ang, who is also a Huangpu student, to persuade him to surrender. At first, Liao Ang was very panicked. Later, he heard that reinforcements had arrived, so he became tough and refused to surrender.
At 9 pm, Xu Guangda issued an order to siege the city, and he also specifically instructed the 76th Division to capture Liao Ang alive.
After a fierce battle day and night, the enemy was defeated, Qingjian City was conquered, and Liao Ang was also captured alive.
In addition to this, Xu Guangda's troops also played a crucial role in Yiwa Battle .
In February 1948, the Northwest Field Army organized the siege and attacking aid under the command of Peng Dehuai.
Xu Guangda's troops were responsible for besieging Yichuan City. In order to lead the enemy reinforcements to "be obediently" into the pockets of our army, Xu Guangda specially deployed a "strange" strategy of playing:
starts to attack fiercely, forcing Yichuan to defend the enemy to ask for help from Hu Zongnan . When Hu Zongnan's reinforcements moved, our army would deal with them flexibly according to the speed of reinforcements. If reinforcements come quickly, we will fight lightly. If reinforcements come slowly, we will fight hard.
As expected, the enemy took the bait. Four brigades and eight regiments that came to rescue entered the Wazi Street pre-subsid area and were completely wiped out by our army after the emergency call for help from the enemy defending the enemy in Yichuan.
Then, Xu Guangda launched a general attack and took Yichuan in one fell swoop. At this point, the Yiwa Battle won a complete victory. After
, Xu Guangda also participated in major battles such as Shaanxi Central, Fumei, and Lanzhou, making important contributions to the liberation of the Northwest.
After liberating Lanzhou, Peng Dehuai came to Lanzhou in person and inspected Xu Guangda's Second Corps.
He held Xu Guangda's hand, "You are fighting very well. When fighting Yichuan, I praised your 2nd Brigade. This time I will praise your Second Corps."
Xu Guangda smiled and said, "President Peng, you should praise Yang Dezhi's Corps. They fight better than us. This time when we entered the city, some troops still made some mistakes. If you praise me, I will feel even more uncomfortable."
"What happened? Haven't you done a check? You can't praise you, but you have no right to stop me from praising the soldiers!"
The next day, Xu Guangda summoned the cadres above the division to have a "victory rice" with Peng Dehuai.
After so many years of getting along, Peng Dehuai has the most objective understanding of Xu Guangda's ability to fight and character. So Peng Dehuai lost his temper after knowing that Xu Guangda had voluntarily proposed to demote, because he believed that Xu Guangda could fully afford this general.
At the same time, he also recommended Xu Guangda to Mao Zedong. It was in 1949. Mao Zedong looked at the tanks passing by during the military parade and suddenly realized that our country urgently needed an armored force .
At that time, Peng Dehuai recommended Xu Guangda to Mao Zedong. After hearing this name, Xu Guangda thought for a while,
"Graduated from the Artillery Department of the Whampoa Military Academy and received tank training in the Soviet Union. He is indeed the most suitable candidate."
In this way, Xu Guangda took on this stamina. In June 1950, the armored troops were officially established, and Xu Guangda was appointed as the commander of the armored soldiers .
Peng Dehuai also specifically instructed Xu Guangda, "You must get the armored soldiers up." After hearing the instructions, Xu Guangda nodded firmly, "I will give it to the armored soldiers in the next half of my life."
