Definition and Characteristics of Fault Anatomy
Fault Anatomy (seCTional anatomy) is a science that uses fault method to study the normal morphological structure and its basic functions of the human body. Its basic task is to explore the changes of various structures in continuous faults, and provide clinical disciplines with the basis for morphology .
Compared with system anatomy and local anatomy , tomographic anatomy has the following characteristics:
1. It can keep the structure in situ;
2. The whole can be reshape by tomography;
3. It is closely integrated with clinical practice.
History and current status of fault anatomy
First stage 16th to 18th centuries
At the beginning of the 16th century, Italian painter da Vinci ( da Vinci ) drew a median-sagittal section of male and female trunks. This is the earliest record of fault anatomy. A. Vesalius studied transverse tomography of the brain.
In the 17th century, several scholars made cross-sections of the brain, eyes and genitals.
In the 18th century, Camper engraved a longitudinal sectional view of the basin, while Scarpa used the section of the basin to express the method of stone extraction surgery.
In the 16th to 18th centuries, an important factor hindering the development of fault anatomy was the lack of methods to harden the corpse.
Stage The 19th century to the 1960s was an important period for the development of fault anatomy.
First, the fault anatomy method was improved: Riemer (1818) took the lead in preparing fault specimens using the freezing method. Gerota (1895) perfused the cadaver with 5% formalin and then frozen sections, thus perfecting the fault dissection method.
Second, published many important maps:
1.1852-1859, Pirogoff of Russian prepared fault specimens by natural freezing method, and published a landmark human fault anatomy masterpiece, including one volume of eight volumes of descriptive materials (796 pages in total) and four volumes of extremely large half-folded versions containing 213 cross-sectional views.
2. 1872 , Braune, Germany, published a fault anatomical map containing three basic sections of the human body, reprinted twice, and was translated into English and widely circulated.
3. In 1885, Dalton of the United States published anatomical map of the transverse, angular and coronal tomography of the brain, a total of three books.
4. In 1911, Eycleshymer and Schoemaker of the United States selected materials from 50 corpses after nine years of hard work and published a beautiful anatomical map of the transverse fault of the human body.
stage Since the 1970s, a period of great development in fault anatomy.
has opened up a new era of tomographic anatomy research due to the clinical application of tomographic imaging technologies such as ultrasound, CT, and MRI, and has gradually formed a new system of tomographic anatomy .
In short, , tomography anatomy is born as needed and develops in applications. It is necessary to adapt to the objective requirements of modern medicine, introduce various high-tech technologies, root in the basics, and serve clinical practice. Continuously looking for topics from disease diagnosis and treatment, and in turn, promote the improvement of clinical diagnosis and treatment level. As long as we are good at grasping the development trajectory of modern medicine, combine anatomy , imaging, information science and materials science, etc., and carry out multidisciplinary joint research, fault anatomy will definitely have a bright tomorrow.
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