There are four earthquakes in Guizhou that you know?
Guizhou Province's four major earthquake fault zones are the Yadu-Ziyun fault zone that passes through Weining to Ziyun, extending from Songtao County to Dushan County , from Kaiyuan, Hunan to Kaiyuan-Pingtang fault zone in Pingtang County, Guizhou Province, and the east-west-way Guizhou deep fault zone in central Guizhou. The other dense small lines are small earthquake faults.
There was only earthquake record in Guizhou in 256 AD
Earthquake is a natural disaster, and earthquake forecasting is a scientific problem. At present, the short-term earthquake forecast has not passed. When the earthquake forecast has not passed, the most effective and direct way is to do a good job in seismic defense of buildings and houses are resistant to earthquakes. When the earthquake occurs, there will be no casualties or property losses. "Guizhou's historical earthquake records are very limited. There were only records of related earthquakes in 256 AD. It is unknown whether there were major earthquakes before. However, no earthquakes have been recorded, which does not mean that there has been no earthquake, nor does it mean that there will be no earthquakes in the future.
Guizhou Province Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture Jianhe County 30 magnitude 5.5 earthquake occurred on the 430th. Preliminary statistics show that the earthquake has caused more than 2,200 households and 13,000 people in Jianhe County to be affected. According to Guizhou Provincial Earthquake Bureau Data shows that this magnitude 5.5 earthquake that occurred in the morning was the largest magnitude earthquake in Guizhou in more than 60 years since the founding of New China.
Guizhou belongs to the karst mountainous area, and most earthquakes are shallow-source earthquakes. Even lighter vibrations can easily cause rock collapse. The rocks in the geological structure of karst landforms are more clastic rocks, and the soft and hard are intersecting, and the earthquake will aggravate the collapse of the mountain.
2010, Guizhou Zhenfeng , Guanling , Zhenning ht The earthquake at the junction of ml4 caused 6 deaths and 9 injuries. Although the magnitude is not large, it also knocked down a mountain. The Yiliang earthquake was 5.7 magnitude, which is not a major earthquake, but it caused 81 deaths, nearly a thousand injuries, and more than 700,000 people were affected.
earthquake distribution in the west and weak east
Research data shows that between 1308 and 2011, Guizhou recorded 120 earthquakes of magnitude 3 or above, including 79 magnitude 3 to 3.9 earthquakes 79
. The earliest record of the earthquake in Guizhou was in Tongren Shiqian in 1305. In the past century since 1819, there have been three earthquakes above magnitude 6, namely, the magnitude 6.0 earthquake in 1819, the magnitude 6.5 earthquake in Luodian in 1875, and the magnitude 5.8 earthquake in Weining in 1948.
experts from the Provincial Earthquake Bureau based on the differences in the distribution of the earthquake plane and the structure of the earthquake control in Guizhou. The seismic plane distribution is divided into three areas: Area A is Weining-Qinglong District, B
District is Zunyi -Guiyang District, and Area C is Tongren -Rongjiang District. The boundary between Area A and Area B1
is Yadu-Ziyun Fault (Belt), and Area B and Area C is Songtao-Dushan Fault (Belt). The two boundary faults (Belts) are inverted "eight" shapes on the plane.
80% of the earthquakes since records in Guizhou are located in about the territory of Guizhou. Area A, which has a total of about 20%, is mainly distributed in Weining, Shuicheng , Qinglong , Liuzhi , Panxian , Xingyi , Zhenfeng, Luodian and other areas. The magnitude 5.8 (some scholars believe it should be determined as magnitude 6.0) earthquake occurred in western Weining. There were many earthquakes above magnitude 5 near Qinglong, and the Yadu-Ziyun fault also passed here. 1875 The
6.5-magnitude earthquake that occurred on 8th on 18th was in Luodian County, which was close to Ziyun County and Wangmo County.
B area accounts for about 60% of Guizhou's land area, and about 15% of the earthquakes recorded in Guizhou are distributed in this area. The most typical of these is the magnitude 6.0 earthquake that occurred in Guiding on September 14, 1819.
C area accounts for about 20% of Guizhou's land area, Guizhou About 5% of earthquakes have occurred in this area since records began. There has been no earthquakes above magnitude 6, but some scholars believe that there is a geological background for medium and strong earthquakes in the area.
Director Wang Shangyan of the Provincial Earthquake Bureau said that the earthquake distribution in Guizhou is characterized by "weakness in the west and weak in the east". The earthquake distribution in the province is relatively dense and intensified in the western and southwest, followed by the central and northern regions, and relatively weak in the eastern and southeastern regions. The records of earthquakes in the province for hundreds of years have provided reliable evidence for today's research and analysis of earthquake laws.
earthquake monitoring and difficult forecasting
Provincial Earthquake Monitoring Station Center has 16 monitoring stations distributed throughout the province. Once these monitoring stations detect seismic waves, they will immediately transmit the signal to the center of the network. Therefore, as long as the engineers at the Taiwan Network Center find the smooth and orderly waveform on the computer screen and suddenly increase the amplitude, it means that an earthquake may occur.
"But monitoring and forecasting are completely different things." Wang Shangyan, director of the Provincial Earthquake Bureau, said that, including developed countries such as the United States and Japan, they dare not say that they have the ability to predict earthquakes. An "accurate" earthquake forecast must include three major elements: basically accurate time, location, and magnitude. After the 2011 Japanese 3.11 earthquake, he went to Japan for inspection. Fukushima breakwater on the east coast of claims to have set a Guinness world record, and can fight against the tsunami caused by the magnitude 8 earthquake - a five or six-meter-high wave cannot cross the breakwater at all. In fact, the actual wave caused by the tsunami caused by the "3.11" earthquake is as high as 12 meters, far exceeding the expectations.
Since earthquakes are difficult to predict, how to minimize disasters has become the highlight. Wang Shangyan said that in addition to establishing monitoring sites to monitor earthquake situations, another focus of work is earthquake prevention and disaster reduction. Relevant statistics show that in earthquakes on land, more than 95% of people died due to building collapse. Therefore, my country's emphasis on engineering earthquake resistance is increasing. For major projects and key projects such as airports, reservoirs, oil reservoirs, large bridges, special institutions related to "life" such as blood stations and hospitals must undergo earthquake safety evaluation and be issued by the Provincial Earthquake Safety Assessment Committee.
earthquake monitoring and difficult forecasting
Provincial Earthquake Monitoring Station Center has 16 monitoring stations distributed throughout the province. Once these monitoring stations detect seismic waves, they will immediately transmit the signal to the center of the network. Therefore, as long as the engineers at the Taiwan Network Center find the smooth and orderly waveform on the computer screen and suddenly increase the amplitude, it means that an earthquake may occur.
"But monitoring and forecasting are completely different things." Wang Shangyan, director of the Provincial Earthquake Bureau, said that, including developed countries such as the United States and Japan, they dare not say that they have the ability to predict earthquakes. An "accurate" earthquake forecast must include three major elements: basically accurate time, location, and magnitude. After the 2011 Japanese 3.11 earthquake, he went to Japan for inspection. Fukushima breakwater on the east coast of claims to have set a Guinness world record, and can fight against the tsunami caused by the magnitude 8 earthquake - a five or six-meter-high wave cannot cross the breakwater at all. In fact, the actual wave caused by the tsunami caused by the "3.11" earthquake is as high as 12 meters, far exceeding the expectations.
Since earthquakes are difficult to predict, how to minimize disasters has become the highlight. Wang Shangyan said that in addition to establishing monitoring sites to monitor earthquake situations, another focus of work is earthquake prevention and disaster reduction. Relevant statistics show that in earthquakes on land, more than 95% of people died due to building collapse. Therefore, my country's emphasis on engineering earthquake resistance is increasing. For major projects and key projects such as airports, reservoirs, oil reservoirs, large bridges, special institutions related to "life" such as blood stations and hospitals must undergo earthquake safety evaluation and be issued by the Provincial Earthquake Safety Assessment Committee.
