The full text has a total of 5896 words | It takes 13 minutes to read
Gu Hongming Who is this? Many viewers may think that the name looks familiar, but they don’t understand exactly what they do. It doesn’t matter. It’s enough to know that this person is one of the most important literati and scholars in the Republic of China.
年0年官网彩票彩彩
Gu Hongming's special thing is that he is a very popular "mixed-race boy" nowadays. He is the son of a Chinese who lives in Malaysia . His mother is from Portugal and he also recognizes a British "adoptive father". In addition, when he was a child, he had a local Malaysian and Filipino servant at home. Gu Hongming not only has a mixed blood, but his temperament and character are also mixed with the flavor of different cultures.
When Gu Hongming was ten years old, he came to the UK with his adopted father and began to receive Westernized education. He quickly showed extraordinary talent and mastered nine languages, including English, French, German, including Latin and Greek, which are known for their complexity.
23 years old, Gu Hongming returned to his hometown in China. At the end of the 19th century, it was the era when world culture collided wildly in China. Gu Hongming had Chinese roots and foreign aura, and his unignorable talent, and soon became popular in the Chinese and foreign circles. The Germans even believe that there are two representatives of Eastern culture, one is Tagore and the other is Gu Hongming.
年0年合彩票彩票彩彩彩
geniuses always have quirks, and Gu Hongming's monster may also be outstanding among geniuses. In terms of specific manifestations, one is to have braids and the other is to be afraid of his wife. I am afraid that my wife is not uncommon in the circle of literati, and it can even be said to be a relatively alternative "cute point". Why is Gu Hongming particularly happy to be afraid of his wife? Because in his own opinion, although he received many years of Western education, he still had serious feudal machismos, advocated polygamy and did not look down on women. But as soon as the man at home spoke, he instinctively turned into a turtle with his head. Do you think it's fun? After being bullied by his wife, Gu Dazi likes to run to Huajie and Liuxiang. After all, prostitutes are absolutely docile and do not make trouble. Once he recommended to a foreign friend that to learn real Chinese culture, he had to go to the Eight Hutongs (famous fireworks in Beijing), and only they had a little Chinese traditional dignity and shyness left!
There is also a braid left. After the 1911 Revolution, the ideological liberation was great. After entering the 20th century, perhaps only two celebrities still had braids: one was braid warlord Zhang Xun , and the other was he Gu Hongming. When the student asked about this, he replied with a smile: "My braid is hung behind the head, so I can cut it at any time if I want to cut it; on the contrary, those of you who stare at my braid all day long have a braid growing inside your head, which is even more difficult to cut!" This remark was a bit Zen, and it seemed a bit unreasonable. If Gu Hongming was born in modern times, he might be a big joke player with countless fans.
1924, the auditorium of the University of Tokyo, Japan was crowded with people.
The person who gave a speech on stage was an old man in his seventies, wearing a long gown and jacket, a melon-skinned hat, and a long, shiny braid was particularly conspicuous.
China has been revolutionizing for more than ten years. I heard that there are not a few such braids left in the whole of China.
listening to his speech is expensive, so the students who came listened very carefully.
"You may be surprised what I said below. In fact, even the Japanese are not real Japanese. It should be said that today's Japanese are real Chinese!"
As soon as the old scholar said this, the Japanese students were in an uproar - this Chinese is too unstable to please Japan, right?
He continued: "The Japanese were Chinese in the Tang Dynasty. The spirit of China at that time continued in Japan today, but it has been lost in China..."
At this point, he couldn't help but curse, "Bastard!"
This time, he scolded all the Chinese.
1
Gu Hongming has no one he dares to scold in his life.
Cixi celebrated her birthday, and he wrote a couplet: "The emperor has been for thousands of years, and the people spend money."The people are suffering";
Yuan Shikai "dead", and the whole country mourned for three days. He invited a opera troupe and sang three heavenly meetings at home;
Hu Shi As the youngest professor at Peking University, he recited poems in English, he said: "The pronunciation of the inferior people in the UK".
swears, he is professional!
He scolded Tang Shaoyi as the "Tujia Shangshu", Zhang Jian as the "Tumama Shengsheng", and he also wanted to kill Yan Fu and Lin Shu "to thank the world ", as if all Chinese people were maggots from the sauce jar.
But Gu Hongming was not a person who admired foreigners and pretended to be foreigners. He was even more cruel.
The Duchess from France criticized her for being uneducated and read foreign newspapers backwards;
A Scotchman in the cinema, and he asked someone to take a cigarette pot for him;
Even the famous Ito Hirobuki came to visit him, he would sarcastically sarcastically, making people speechless.
After Gu Hongming's reputation spread to the West, a popular saying among foreigners: "You can go to China without looking at the three halls, you must look at Gu Hongming. "It's quite a bit like not looking at the mountains when the Five Mountains return.
Foreigners come to talk to him and be his students, and he scolds people one by one.
At that time, China was in the rise of reform and learning from the West. Foreigners were living Bodhisattvas offered to him, but Gu Hongming was disdainful.
Spit on the stars cannot be wasted, he also charged a swearing person, and the ticket was two yuan, no Bargaining.
年合大学情
Mei Lanfang
At that time, Mei Lanfang, the most popular actor in the capital, only sing a play for one yuan or two cents. Listening to Gu Hongming's speech is more expensive than this, but it is still full.
He gave a speech in English at the Six Kingdoms Hotel in the Embassy District of Dongjiaomin Lane. "The Spirit of the Chinese People” (he translated it as " Spring and Autumn Day "), cursing the British, French, American, Portuguese, and even cursing them in their native language, which is more authentic than anyone else. Legend has it that Gu Hongming knows the foreign language of nine countries.
Someone asked: Who does Mr. Gu like in this life?
He laughed: "There is really one. ”
年0年合彩票彩彩
Cai Yuanpei
When teaching at Peking University, Gu Hongming said to the students: “Now there are only two good people in China, one is Mr. Cai Yuanpei and the other is me. Why do you say so? Because after Mr. Cai ordered Hanlin, he refused to become an official and wanted to go to the revolution, and he is still in revolution. And what about me. Since becoming an official in the Qing Dynasty with Zhang Wenxiang ( Zhang Zhidong ), he is still maintaining his royal family. "
says it is to praise others, but in the end it is to praise yourself.
Whether it is to maintain the reform or to the current, there is never a lack of people who are brave enough to advance or go against the current. What is lacking is to stick to their true intentions.
Gu Hongming is a royalist, and many people know this, so when Cai Yuanpei was about to resign from Peking University, Gu Hongming said: "The principal is the emperor of our school and must be kept. "
was so scared that Cai Yuanpei was sweating coldly, and he was about to resign if he was beaten to death.
Gu Hongming saw it, OK, I'll quit with you too!
Chinese culture reading
2
The Republic of China was in a stir, everyone cut their hair and revolutionized, and there were only three braids left in total.
a nightmare that led to the restoration of the empire, and became a joke for the whole of China;
a circled on the Kunming Lake in the Summer Palace, and tied a knot firmly;
and Gu Hongming, the ropes were used to pull the intersection of Eastern and Western civilizations.
l3
Strictly speaking, Gu Hongming is not a Chinese who grew up reading sages.
If he is as grateful to Zhang Xun and Wang Guowei , he has been deeply grateful to the emperor. He has been bathed in ethics since childhood. It is not surprising that he will continue to be an old orphan after Xinhai Revolution , but Gu Hongming's growth trajectory has nothing to do with the dusk of the Forbidden City.
He is a mixed-race overseas Chinese born in Malaysia, and his ancestors moved to Southeast Asia far away from the mainland and accumulated a wealthy family. His father is a British rubber garden manager, and his mother is a blonde and blue-eyed Westerner.
Gu Hongming has been in English and Portuguese since his novels, and he knows nothing about Chinese. At most, he can speak two Minnan dialects.
As for cultural influence, he was considered an adopted son by the rubber plantation owner Mr. Brown when he was very young, and he read Shakespeare and Bacon.
年合大学情文文
1867, the Browns brought the 10-year-old Gu Hongming to the most powerful British Empire in the world at that time. His father Gu Ziyun told him before leaving: "No matter where you go, no matter whether you are British, German or French, don't forget that you are Chinese."
Unfortunately, there is a world of varied life outside and the characters are unrestrained. As soon as Gu Hongming arrived in the UK, he threw his father's words to the sky.
He immediately cut off his braids and put on a suit, looking like a foreign style.
At this time, was still during the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty. The Reform Movement of 1898 and 1895 War were all things that happened decades later. As for cutting braids, it was simply unimaginable in China at that time.
Gu Hongming at that time was the person who was at the forefront of the reform.
After studying abroad, Gu Hongming studied Western science eagerly, from the UK to Germany, from the University of Edinburgh to the University of Leipzig . He has mastered nine languages including English, German , French, Latin, and Greek, and obtained a master's degree in literature.
(The biography of Gu people says that he has 13 doctoral degrees, but it is actually impossible to verify. Gu Hongming always claimed to be a master's degree when writing the article, and never publicly stated that he was a doctoral student.)
Gu Hongming is a genius. During his study in the West, he showed extraordinary talent. Carlisle, the president of the University of Edinburgh and the famous philosopher, admired him very much. He made an impromptu speech at Bismarck's 100th birthday, which won applause and has been praised by the Germans.
When Cai Yuanpei went to Leipzig to study at the University of Leipzig, Gu Hongming was already a very well-known scholar. 40 years later, when Lin Yutang came to Leipzig, Gu Hongming's works had become a designated must-read book for the school.
Gu Hongming was the first Chinese scholar to gain reputation in the West, and at that time, he was only 24 years old.
His unruly character was undoubtedly revealed when he was studying abroad.
At that time, the British looked down on yellow people and were not willing to ride next to each other on the bus. When Gu Hongming was on the bus, he took out a Times. When the British saw it, they sarcastically said: "Look at this yellow-skinned country bumpkin, he obviously couldn't understand English, but he insisted on pretending to be a cultural person. The newspaper was taken down!"
Gu Hongming smiled coldly, and just read the words in the newspaper upside down, which shocked the whole car of British people.
3
24 years old, Gu Hongming finished his study and returned to his hometown of Nanyang. At this time, he was already a scholar who was proficient in Western learning and quite famous, and he had a job in the British colonial government.
A year later, he met Ma Jianzhong, a diplomat of the Qing government. He had a long talk with him for three days. He felt that the vastness of Chinese culture was completely different from Western learning. His thoughts were greatly shocked, so he immediately resigned to study Chinese culture.
1883, he began to publish a series of Chinese studies articles in English in newspapers. Since then, he has been out of control and embarked on the path of mocking Western learning and praising middle school, and has kept his cut braids again.
Gu Hongming is very talented in language and is completely self-taught in Chinese. During those years, he devoted himself to translating works such as "The Analects of Confucius", "The Doctrine of the Mean", "The University", etc., spreading Chinese culture overseas.
1885, he finally came to the mainland of China where he was longing for his heart, and worked as a foreign secretary under Zhang Zhidong, and later taught at Ziqiang School (the predecessor of Wuhan University ).
Gu Hongming is famous abroad. When Ito Hirobuki visited China, he came to visit him specifically.
Gu Hongming sent him an English translation of "The Analects of Confucius". After reading it Hirobuki, he said, "I heard that you are proficient in Western academics. Isn't it clear that Confucius' teachings can be practiced more than two thousand years ago, but not today in the 20th century?"
Gu Hongming retorted without hesitation: "The method Confucius taught people is like mathematicians' addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Thousands of years ago, the method was 33 to get nine. Now in the 20th century, the method is still 33 to get nine, and it is not 33 to get eight."
年合大学文
Ito Hirobuki
Although he was an aide under the Huguang Governor Zhang Zhidong, he was unwilling to flatter his superiors at all, and openly made fun of the two governors of Huguang: "Wenxiang (Zhang Zhidong) is arrogant, so his subordinates are mostly hypocrites; Wuqiao (successor Governor Duan Fang) is floating, so his subordinates are mostly real villains. "
Even so, his official career is pretty good, and he has been the Left Chief of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs all the way.
However, the good times did not last long.
A gunshot in the Revolution of 1911, the Qing Dynasty was destroyed.
Gu Hongming lost his official job and was invited by Cai Yuanpei to teach at Peking University .
Chinese studies and culture intensive reading
He lectured on the English Chinese literature, injected his own book "The Great Meaning of the Spring and Autumn Period" (also translated as " The Spirit of the Chinese ") into the minds of students. In the book, Chinese culture is written with passionate brushstrokes, which is the beacon to save the world, and criticize Western civilization as worthless.
Gu Hongming claimed to be a royalist, but from beginning to end, he had never seen the emperor's face, and was not a corrupt scholar who kowtowed when he saw the tablet.
Zhang Xun celebrated his birthday, and he specially sent a couplet: "The lotus is gone without a rain cover, and the remaining chrysanthemums still have branches of frost. "
"Rain Rain Cover" is the big hat of the Qing Dynasty officials, and "Ao Frost Branch" refers to the braid behind his head.
It is said that both of them are "like-minded people" who still do not cut their braids since the Republic of China. But Gu Hongming looked down on this braid and thought that what he did was useless to seek fame.
But did Gu Hongming himself also seek fame? Perhaps it was.
In the past, everyone had braids, but he cut them alone;
Now it is the Republic of China. The braid order was issued over and over again, but he firmly refused to cut them.
This is not how loyal he was to the Qing Dynasty, but he just wanted to be a new and noble person.
In that new era where everyone advocates Western civilization In the country, Confucius and Mencius's teachings were denounced as pedantic, loyalty, righteousness, benevolence, filial piety was laughed as stupid, young people were self-deprecating, thinking that China is inferior in everything, and foreign affairs are noble.
Gu Hongming, a foreign "half foreigner", stood at the forefront, telling the world: Sino-Cultural culture has never been inferior to others!
He firmly defended the dignity of Chinese civilization and preserved the last spark of traditional culture.
Which students at Peking University are not prosperous advanced intellectuals? Gu Hongming's Chinese level is far inferior to his native English, and often misses strokes when writing on the blackboard. When he turned to write, the students laughed at his braids.
He turned around seriously and retorted: "The braids on my head are tangible, and the braids in your heart are invisible. "
Chinese Culture Reading
Tagore (middle) Gu Hongming (front right) Xu Zhimo (second from left)
4
As a firm conservative, Gu Hongming insisted that men should ask for more wives, believing that this is the basis of social stability, and proposed the famous "tea pot theory": men are teapots, women are tea cups, and a pot must be With a few cups.
So he not only had a dignified and elegant wife, but also married several concubines.
In his heart, all the old culture is a good culture. He stubbornly loved women's feet, and even had to drink with three-inch golden lotus embroidered shoes, believing that this way he could think about his thoughts.
Kang Youwei In order to satirize him, he wrote a letter "Satisfied and happy" to give him, but he smiled and accepted it, and said, "Kang Youwei knows my heart very well. "
There are many people who Gu Hongming despises. Basically, no professor at Peking University doesn't get scolded by him, among which Hu Shi was scolded the most.
Essential reading of Chinese culture
In "The Great Cause of Founding of the Party", Gu Hongming and Hu Shi and others launched a "defense between China and the West"
Hu Shi is the leader of the New Culture Movement and insists on the theory of "total Westernization". In Gu Hongming's eyes, this is simply "total nonsense".
A speech, Hu Shi read Homer's poem in English, and he was ridiculed for "the accent of the inferior British people";
Hu Shi wrote a short article in the newspaper, and Gu also published a criticism the next day and had to sue him in court.
Chinese Culture Reading
Hu Shi
Hu Shi has always advocated vernacular improvement, but Gu Hongming caught his little braid: "People nowadays, including those self-righteous text professors, cannot use words and essays. For example, "improvement", people in the past said "good", and there is only the word "good" in the dictionary, which refers to prostitutes abandoning evil and following justice, but not "improvement". "Improvement" makes me puzzled. Since you are already "good", what else can you change? Do you need to change "good" and go back and return to "prostitute"?"
Hu Shi was so amazed and cried about this and fought back repeatedly, but how was Gu Hongming a talented and witty person?
The skill of verbalizing is really unmatched.
However, Lao Gu is dozens of years older than Hu Shi, and he can't fight, he can afford to wait!
Gu Hongming died at the age of 72. Hu Shi, who was still in his prime, also wrote a special article "Remembering Gu Hongming - My knowledgeable enemy is here", and took out all the unreasonable little things of Old Gu to laugh at him.
When cultural people fight, they don’t see any blood. The swords and swords are all in the pen, and they can only stop fighting until death.
Perhaps, this is what is called talent worthy of one's heart and ability to support one's temper.
年0年官网彩彩彩彩彩彩彩
5
From the Republic of China to today, Gu Hongming has been a person with mixed reputations. Those who like him say that he is true to his true nature and talent, while those who don’t like him call him a corrupt scholar.
The thing that got scolded the most was probably when he blurted out when he gave a speech in Japan in his later years, "The Japanese are the real Chinese."
Because of this sentence, people denounced him as a lackey in the Qing Dynasty and a crazy slave in the old society.
But is that true?
In fact, Gu Hongming did say this, but it was taken out of context.
First of all, he is a very firm Chinese cultural center. Even if he keeps the Qing Dynasty braids and wears the Qing Dynasty costumes throughout his life, he does not think he is a Qing Dynasty person, but a "Chinese".
年0年合彩票彩票彩票
This speech was published in 1924. Japan was eyeing China. Gu Hongming was well-educated in Chinese and Western learning and was familiar with the overall political situation. He had long had a strong sense of crisis.
So he pointed out at the beginning of his speech: China is the soil for cultivating Japanese culture. Without China, Japan, which has devoted itself to Western thoughts and has been Westernized every day, can only be a rootless flower that will wither quickly.
He praised Japan, saying that it was "the only nation among the countries in East Asia that was not trampled by Europeans", and that it retained the intact spirit of Chinese civilization.
As a foreign race, Japan has learned and carried forward our culture. On the land of China, countless knowledgeable people are doing a total Westernization. They want to shatter all the five thousand years of civilization. How can it not be shocking?
Chinese people were not born to be slaves, and Chinese civilization was never inferior to any Western civilization. If Chinese people continue to ignore their own advantages, underestimate themselves, and blindly doubt the past, then decades later, Chinese culture can only be found in Japan!
Gu Hongming said: "Many people laughed at me for being loyal to the Qing Dynasty, but my loyalty to the Qing Dynasty is not just loyal to the royal family that has received the emperor's kindness from my family - it is loyal to China's politics and religion, that is, it is loyal to China's civilization."
Although thousands of people are pointing their fingers, they are unshirkable!
年0年0年0年0年0年0年0年0年0年0年0年0年0年0年0年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00年00�
But in fact, it was him who translated the ancient Chinese books into foreign languages and spread the world; it was him who neither humble nor arrogant in front of Westerners, who returned to nature to defend the way of Confucius and Mencius, and established the self-esteem and confidence of Chinese civilization.
Three-foot-sized micro-life, a scholar, everyone says he is a "Confucian", but I say he is a hero, a madman with evil spirits and loneliness and arrogance.
This old monster who opposes China's modernization is very similar to the Huang Yaoshi on Peach Blossom Island under the Jin Yong . He is rebellious and rebellious, and looks at the cold-eyed world with a smile.
You see that he used his own strength to stop the spread of Western learning from the East, and was foolish, so how could he understand his courage to not retreat and sing generously?
Let the world trend be vast. If you follow it, you will prosper; if you go against it, you will perish. So what if
dies?
You have a mace, I have a spirit cap!
-END-
intensive reading of Chinese studies and experience the charm of classic Chinese studies!
In the next few issues, we will launch special issues of Chinese scholars with huge influence and strong readability during the Republic of China period. I don’t know if you have any scholars you like to read. You can leave a message in the comment section below. We will choose the characters to publish based on your opinions. Thank you everyone~
