original Kang Youpeng
Zhou Bo
In the great achievements of Emperor Gaozu of Han Liu Bang to pacify the world and establish the Han Dynasty, he can be said to be a master of counselors and generals, and their merits and heroic reputation have long been recorded in history. However, these famous Conglong Wenwu faded out of politics after the founding of the Western Han Dynasty. However, Zhou Bo, the Marquis of Jiang, who was "a man of a kind man" and was not as good as Zhang Liang in terms of strategy and was inferior to Han Xin, eventually became a minister of the pillar of the Western Han Dynasty with his tenacious, loyal, simple and steady personality. Before his death, Emperor Gao told Empress Lü and the prince: "Zhou Bo is very generous and honest, but those who are safe in Liu must be Bo, and he can be appointed as the Grand Marshal." Especially after Empress Lü's death, Zhou Bo joined forces with Prime Minister Chen Ping to destroy the Lu in one fell swoop, and welcomed the King of Dai Liu Heng to ascend the throne, making immortal contributions to the Han Dynasty. Zhou Bo and Zhou Yafu, father and son, served as generals and grand lieutenants, and were granted marquis and ministers, which was influential to the court and the country. However, the general's decisive battle was not just on the battlefield...
"The Wooden Shrub is a sturdy and honest" is a major event - Zhou Bo
"Jianghou Zhou Bo is a native of Pei. He first rolled up people and moved to Pei. Bo made a living by weaving thin songs, often playing flutes for funerals for people, and the genius officials (preparatory soldiers of Qin and Han Dynasties) led the strong (pulling a strong bow)." ("Records of the Grand Historian: The Family of Zhou Bo") Records of the Grand Historian outlined in a very simple stroke. The ancestors of Jianghou were from Yuanyang, Henan, and later moved to Pei County. In his early years, Zhou Bo made a living by weaving silkworm utensils, and often bought funerals and played elegies for others. He was also a reserve soldier who could pull a hard bow. People in the world sighed: "Don't ask the source of heroes", which shows this!
1. Follow Emperor Gao and make repeated military achievements
After Liu Bang raised the anti-Qin banner in Pei County, Zhou Bo followed Pei Gong as a close servant, conquered cities and plundered the land, and lived and died. He often climbed the city first and charged and fought. He successively fought with famous Qin generals Zhang Han, Li You, , , Wang Li, Zhao Ben and others, and won many meritorious achievements. He was awarded the title of five major officials and served as the Tiger Ben Order. In 205 BC, Zhou Bo followed Pei Gong to attack the Qin capital Xianyang and overthrew the Qin II dynasty. After Liu Bang was granted the title of King of Han by Xiang Yu, he followed him to Hanzhong and was awarded Weiwuhou and was appointed as the general.
During the reign of the Three Qins and the Chu-Han competition for hegemony, Zhou Bo followed Han King Liu Bang, defeated the two major forces, Zhang Han, Zhang Han, and Xiang Yu, the Western Chu King, and won the best military achievements many times. Especially after the Battle of Gaixia eliminated the Chu army, Zhou Bo led his troops alone to attack Sishui in Chu, Donghai County , etc. At that time, when King Zang Tu of Yan rebelled again, Zhou Bo followed Liu Bang to the north again and defeated the Yan army in Yishui, Hebei. According to historical records, Zhou Bo "should the rebel king Zang Tu from Emperor Gao, and defeated him. The soldiers who were generals should be promoted to the road. They were given titles and marquis, and they should not be eliminated in the past. They ate 8,180 households in Jiang (now Shanxi Houma) and were named Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marquis of Marqui After the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty, the parallel system of counties and states was adopted, with eight princes and kingdoms under the jurisdiction of the central government, and eight princes and kingdoms of different surnames that were gradually formed in the dispute between Chu and Han and were enfeoffed by Liu Bang. There are many kingdoms that have dozens of cities, and the few have three or four counties, accounting for more areas than counties under the jurisdiction of Han. The princes and kings held heavy troops and dominated the country. They were nominally ministers of the Han vassals, but in fact they were independent of the kingdom, posing a serious threat to the unification of the Han Dynasty. Emperor Gao first seized the title of King Han Xin of Chu for his crime of plotting against him and demoted him to the Marquis of Huaiyin. Subsequently, the princes of other surnames who had rebelled were gradually eliminated, leaving only the Changsha King Wu Rui, who was small in territory and good at showing weakness. At the same time, the national policy of enfeoffing the children of the Liu family and the royal family as kings was implemented, and attempted to consolidate the Han Dynasty in this way.
am among the kings of different surnames who were confronting rebellion, Zhou Bo followed Emperor Gao to take the lead and made many achievements. In October of the seventh year of Emperor Gaozu of Han (200 BC), Emperor Gao learned that Han Wangxin (the same name as the "military god" Han Xin) rebelled against the Han Dynasty and surrendered to the Xiongnu. He personally led a 320,000 army to fight back. Although he defeated the Korean army, he encountered the "Bai Deng siege" and was surrounded by the 400,000 cavalry of the Xiongnu. Fortunately, Chen Ping escaped with the plan.At that time, Zhou Bo followed the emperor as a general and attacked from a long range. He defeated the Korean army and defeated the fierce Hun cavalry many times, recovered Taiyuan County and Mayi City (now Shuo County, Shanxi), and was promoted to Taiwei for his military achievements. In the autumn of the eleventh year of Emperor Gaozu (196 BC), Xiahou of Daiyang, Chen Xi, had elite troops in the world, stationed in the border area of Dai Zhao, shouldering the important task of preventing the Huns. For some reason, he rebelled against the Han Dynasty and proclaimed himself the King of Dai, which caused shock to the court and the country. Emperor Gao led his troops from all over the country to attack Dongyuan (now east of Shijiazhuang, Hebei); Taiwei Zhou Bo led his troops to enter Dai through Taiyuan, massacred the city of Mayi, defeated Chen Xi, captured Yanmen, Yunzhong County Governor, Prime Minister and others, pacified the seventeen counties of Yanmen County, twelve counties of Yunzhong County, and nine counties of Dai County, and later killed Chen Xi in Lingqiu (Datong, Shanxi). In February of the 12th year of Emperor Gaozu (195 BC), as a junior, classmate and most trusted King of Yan Lu Guan, Lu Guan, was bewitched by Chen Xi and the Xiongnu. In a rage, Emperor Gao, who was seriously ill, secretly ordered Zhou Bo to replace Fan Kuai as the prime minister and lead his army to suppress the rebellion. The army captured Jixian (now Jinjizhou District), slaughtered Hundu County (now Datong, Shanxi), defeated Yan army and chased the rebels to the Great Wall. Historical records: Zhou Bo "dian twelve counties in Ding Shanggu, , 16 counties in Beiping, 29 counties in western Liaodong, and 22 counties in Yuyang; most (of) from Emperor Gao got one prime minister, two prime ministers, three generals and two thousand stones each; (in addition) Pojun two (two armies), three Xiacheng three, five Dingjun, and seventy-nine counties, and one prime minister and one general." ("Records of the Grand Historian: The Family of Zhou Bo in Zhou Bo") Taishi Gong detailed the military achievements of Zhou Bo, which shows that the Marquis of Jiang was deeply trusted by Emperor Gao, and also shows that he made immortal contributions to consolidating the Western Han Dynasty.
2. Keep your strength and keep your low profile. Kill Lu An and Liu
Zhou Bo quelled the rebellion in Yandi and returned to the court. At that time, Emperor Gao was already sick. So he assisted Emperor Xiaohui as a marquis. According to historical records, "Bo is a strong and honest man, and Emperor Gao thought it could be a major event. Bo is not good at literature, so he summons all the students to talk about scholars and sits eastward and blames him: 'The interesting (quick) to speak for me!' His slogan (simple) is like this." ("Records of the Grand Historian: The Family of Zhou Bo in the Family of Jiang Hou") It can be seen that although Jiang Hou was a man and lacked culture, Emperor Gao explained to Empress Lü before his death: "Chen Ping had more wisdom, but it was difficult to be alone. Zhou Bo was heavy and generous, but those who were at peace with Liu must be Bo, and he could be appointed as the Taiwei." ("Shi Ji: The Basic Annals of Emperor Gaozu") In the sixth year of Emperor Xiaohui (189 BC), the court established the position of Taiwei, and Zhou Bo was appointed as the Taiwei.
After Empress Dowager Lu was in power, she planned to make Lu kings. First, he asked the right prime minister Wang Ling and replied, "Emperor Gao executed the Baima Alliance and said, 'It is not the Liu family, but the king, and the whole world attacks it.' Now the king, Lu family, is not an agreement." Empress Lu was very unhappy. Then he asked the left prime minister Chen Ping and the Marquis of Jiang Zhou Bo, and replied: "Emperor Gao governs the world, the prince is the son, and the empress dowager is now the ruler, and Wang Kun is the younger brother of Lu, and everything is impossible." ("Records of the Grand Historian: The Family of Empress Dowager Lu") The empress dowager was overjoyed. After the court discussion, Wang Ling blamed Chen Ping and Zhou Bo: "'The first time to have a bloody alliance with Emperor Gao, you are not in evil? Now that Emperor Gao collapses, the heroine of the empress dowager, want to be the king, Lu family, you will break the promise, how can you see Emperor Gao underground? Chen Ping and Jianghou said: 'If you fight for the court now, the ministers are not as good as the king; if the whole country is determined, the king is not as good as the ministers.'" ("Records of the Grand Historian: The General Annals of Empress Dowager Lu") Wang Ling was speechless. In a fit of anger, he resigned on the grounds of being sick and kept his door closed. The Empress Dowager took the opportunity to proclaim Wang Ling as the Grand Tutor of Emperor Hui, but in fact she was exiled. He died seven years later. Chen Ping was promoted to the right prime minister, and the Marquis of Piyang was appointed as the left prime minister, and was in charge of the affairs of the palace. Because he was favored by Empress Lü, the court officials had to make decisions through him.
During the reign of the reign of the dynasty, Empress Dowager Lu adopted the attempt to confer the nobles of Lu, and first conferred the heroes of Emperor Gao or the royal family of the Liu family, and through the marriage of Liu and Lu, a huge Lu family group was formed. Prime Minister Chen Ping, Jiang Hou Zhou Bo and other meritorious officials were either flattered or silent. When Empress Lu was seriously ill, King Zhao Lu Lu was appointed as the general, commanding the Northern Army, and King Lu 3 Lu Chan 4 led the Southern Army. The Empress Dowager warned them: "The ministers were dissatisfied with the title of the Lü family as king.Don’t go to the funeral after I die. You must stay in the camp to command the imperial guards, so as not to be controlled by others! ” He also left a last word: he was amnesty in the world, and appointed Lu Chan as the prime minister, and appointed Lu Lu's daughter as the queen, and the left prime minister Shen Shi was the tutor of the young emperor. History records: “(Zhou) Bo was the magistrate, and he was not allowed to enter the military gate; Chen Ping was the prime minister, and he was not allowed to serve. "("Records of the Grand Historian: The Family of Zhou Bo in Jiang") The Lu wanted to cause trouble, but because he was afraid of court officials and relatives of the Liu family, he did not dare to act rashly. At that time, Liu Zhang, who was living in the capital, heard about his plan because he married Lu Lu's daughter as his wife. He was constipated by Shang's brother, King Qi, and Liu Xiang, contacted the princes and raised troops to attack Lu and tried to become emperor. When Lu Chan heard the news, he sent the Marquis of Yingyin, Guanying, to lead the army to fight. Guan Ying led his army to Xingyang, and discussed with his subordinates: send someone to inform the King of Qi and the princes , agreed to unite with each other, waiting for the Lü family to rebellion and kill him together. When Lu Lu and Lü Chan were afraid of Zhou Bo, the Marquis of Jiang, Liu Zhang, and others in the court, and were afraid of heavy troops from the kings of Qi and Chu royal family, and were afraid of Guan Ying, who was outside, who was outside, was afraid of the heavy army of Guan Ying, who was outside, was still afraid of the chess outside, and before he decided to make a decision, the Grand Mars of Zhou Bo and Prime Minister Chen Ping planned to send someone to hijack the elderly and sick Hou Zhou Li Shang, and let his son Li Ji tell Lu Lu by deception: "Emperor Gao and Empress Lu jointly rule the world, the nine kings established by Liu, and the three kings established by Lu family are all the discussions of ministers, and they have already announced the princes, and they all think it is appropriate. Now that the empress dowager died, the emperor was young, and she wore the seal of King Zhao. She was guarding the country without any haste. She became the general and kept the troops here, which was suspected by the ministers and princes. Why not return to the seal and belong to the Taiwei? Please ask King Liang Return to the seal of the prime minister and the country, and the country will be abdicated with the ministers. The military will be dismissed. The ministers will be at peace. The king will be at peace. The king will be at peace for thousands of miles. This is the benefit of the whole world. "("Records of the Grand Historian: The Basic Annals of Empress Dowager Lu") After hearing the "strategy" offered by his close friend Li Ji, Lu Lu wanted to hand over the army to the commander of the Grand Marshal Zhou Bo, so he sent someone to inform Lu Chan and the elders of the Lu family, and agreed to hesitate with the opponents. At this time, Lu Lu asked Li Ji to go out hunting together, and went to see his aunt Lu Xi (Empress Lu and Fan Kuai's wife). Lu Xi was furious: "As a general, how can you leave the camp to hunt easily? Lu's family will have no place to live! " He took out all the pearls and jade and treasures in the house, threw them into the hall, and said, "Don't guard these things for others! ” It can be seen that Lu Xi knew that he had accumulated a lot of grievances and had become a frightened bird.
Zhou Bo wanted to enter the Northern Army camp, but was blocked and could not enter. The Hou Jitong of Xiangping was in charge of the Emperor 号 . Zhou Bo ordered him to hold the ritual and falsely claim to be the emperor's order and allow the Taiwei to enter the Northern Army; he also ordered Li Ji and Dianke Liu Jie to persuade Lu Lu first: "The emperor appointed the Taiwei to take charge of the Northern Army command and ask you to go to the country. Immediately hand over the seal and say goodbye to the country! Otherwise, woe will happen! "Lu Lu firmly believed that Li Ji would not lie to him, so he removed the general's seal and handed it to Dian Ke, and handed it over to the command of the Northern Army. When Zhou Bo entered the Northern Army, Lu Lu had already left. Zhou Bo immediately ordered: "Those who support the Lu family exposed their right arm, and those who support the Liu family exposed their left arm! "All the soldiers in the army exposed their left arms. Zhou Bo obtained command of the Northern Army in this way. However, the Southern Army was still not controlled. Chen Ping summoned Zhuxu Marquis Liu Zhang to assist the Grand Marshal. Zhou Bo ordered Zhuxu Marquis Liu Zhang to guard the military gate, and ordered Pingyang Marquis Cao Zhu (Cao Shenzi) to tell the commander of the palace gate that the guard guard said: "The Prime Minister Lu Chan is not allowed to enter the palace gate! "Lu Chan did not know that Lu Lu had left the Northern Army, so he entered Weiyang Palace , preparing to cause rebellion. Lu Chan came to the gate of the palace and was unable to enter, and was wandering outside the hall. The Marquis of Pingyang was afraid that it would be difficult to stop Lu Chan from entering the palace, so he rode his horse to tell the Grand Marshal. Zhou Bo was also afraid that it would be difficult to defeat Lu, so he did not dare to publicly claim to eliminate the Lü family, so he said to Zhu Xuhou: "Enter the palace immediately to defend the emperor! "Zhu Xu Hou asked to send troops to go with him, and the Grand Marshal assigned him more than a thousand soldiers. Zhu Xu Hou entered the Weiyang Palace gate and saw Lu Chan in the court. It was almost evening, Zhu Xu Hou quickly led his troops to attack Lu Chan, and Lu Chan fled in a hurry. Suddenly, the wind was strong in the sky, and the gangsters led by Lu Chan were panicked and did not dare to fight. Zhu Xu Hou and others chased Lu Chan and killed him in the toilet of the Langzhong Mansion. Seeing this, the young emperor Liu Hong sent a messenger to comfort Zhu Xu Hou. Zhu Xu Hou wanted to seize the Emperor's Day but the guest refused, so he took a car with him, drove with the emperor's talisman, and killed the Changle Weiwei Lu Gengshi (a member of the Lu Hou tribe).Then he returned to the Northern Army and reported to the Grand Marshal. Zhou Bo stood up and congratulated Zhu Xuhou, "The most worrying Lu Chan was finally killed, and the world is settled!" So the Grand Marshal sent people to arrest all men and women of the Lu family separately, and all the young and old were executed. On Xinyou (the 11th), Lu Lu was captured and killed Lu Lu with a whip stick. He also sent someone to kill King Lu Tong of Yan, and abolished King Lu Zhang Yan (Embroidered by Empress Lu). A thrilling elimination of the chaos of , , finally came to an end.
3. Welcoming Emperor Wen, walking on thin ice,
After Zhu Lu was exterminated, he sent Zhu Xu Marquis Liu Zhang to inform King Liu Xiang of Qi and asked him to withdraw his troops and return to Qi. Guan Ying, the Marquis of Yingyin, also led his army to leave Xingyang and returned to the capital. At this time, the court minister said: "Shao Emperor Liu Hong, Liang King Liu Tai , Huaiyang King Liu Wu, Changshan King Liu Chao (Note: Because they both lived in the capital and did not go to their fiefdoms), they were not the real sons of Emperor Xiaohui. Empress Lu used fraudulent means to bring other people's sons, kill his mother and raise them in the harem, and let Emperor Hui recognize him as his son, make him heirs, or be granted the princes to strengthen the power of the Lü family. Now that the Lü has been destroyed, if the people they established are kept, after they grow up and take power, we will suffer the disaster of extermination. Now a wise prince king should be selected to support him as emperor." Someone suggested: "Qi Daohui King Liu Fei is the eldest son of Emperor Gao, and now the King of Qi Liu Xiang is his eldest grandson, and he can be made emperor." The ministers opposed: "The Lü family committed evil with the autocratic power of the foreign relatives, almost destroying the Liu family's world and harming the heroes and virtuous officials. The uncle of the Queen of Qi, Sijun, is a villain and cannot repeat the same mistakes." If Liu Chang (the youngest son of Emperor Gao), he felt that he was too young and his grandmother's family was also very vicious. Finally, they agreed: "The Emperor Gao of Dai saw his son, and he was the oldest, and he was kind and filial. The Queen Mother's family was cautious and kind. He also established the eldest son and obedient, and was known to the world with benevolence and filial piety, so he was the best." ("Records of the Grand Historian: The General Records of Empress Dowager Lu") Therefore, Prime Minister Chen Ping, Taiwei Zhou Bo and others secretly sent envoys to summon Dai Wang Liu Heng to the capital.
Daily officials were quite shocked by the incident in the capital city, and there were many different opinions and no consensus. The doctor, Zhang Wu, and others, suggested that the king pretended to be sick and did not go to the capital to observe the changes in the situation; while the lieutenant, Song Chang, analyzed the general trend of the world, and believed that the elimination of the Lu clan and the establishment of the king as emperor was the will of the people, and it was recommended that the king of destiny should not be doubted. Later, after divination, King Dai sent his uncle Bo Zhao to the capital to meet with Marquis Jiang. After learning about the intention of embracing the Dai King, Bo Zhao returned and reported: "The situation is true and there is no doubt." So, accompanied by Song Chang, Zhang Wu and others, the Dai King Liu Heng took his entourage to the capital in six postcars. When he arrived at Gaoling, he stopped and sent Song Chang to Chang'an to observe the situation first. Song Chang arrived at Weiqiao, and officials below the prime minister came to greet him. After returning to the report, King Dai drove to Weiqiao, and the ministers all came to pay their respects and called themselves ministers. At that time, King Dai got off the car and replied. When the Taiwei Zhou Bojin saw this, he said, "I hope to report it to the king alone." Song Chang replied, "If what the Taiwei said is for public affairs, then he will speak publicly. If what the Taiwei said is for private affairs, the king will not suffer from personal affairs." The Taiwei immediately knelt down and presented the emperor's seal and talismans. The King of Dai resigned and said, "Go to the official residence of Dai Kingdom to discuss." All the ministers bowed to the ground at the residence of Dai, and worshiped the emperor's jade seal, asking King of Dai to inherit the throne. The King of Dai repeatedly refused, and then he made a move to the west three times, then he made a move to the south twice, and finally agreed to ascend the throne of Emperor. That night, Dongmu Hou Liu Xingju (third brother of King Qi) and Taipu Xiahou Ying completely cleared the palace and drove away the young emperor Liu Hong. However, when the imperial chariot welcomed Liu Heng to the Weiyang Palace, ten commissars asked at Duanmen with halberds: "The emperor is still here, who are you going in?" The King of Dai asked the Grand Marshal Zhou Bo to check it out, and the commissar then put down his weapons and left. In order to strengthen the guards in the palace, "I worship Song Chang as the general of the guard at night and polite the northern and southern armies. I took Zhang Wu as the doctor and went to the palace." ("Records of the Grand Historian: Xiaowen") Also on that night, the officials in charge went to the Shao Emperor Liu Hong, King Liang, King Huaiyang, and King Changshan, and killed them respectively.
After Emperor Wen of Han ascended the throne, he rewarded Zhou Bo, the Taiwei who was extremely rewarded by Liu Ju, the most: he was given 5,000 jin of gold and 10,000 households with fief.At that time, Chen Ping resigned from the prime minister on the grounds that Marquis Jiang was more merit than him. Later Emperor Wen appointed Zhou Bo as the right prime minister, and changed Chen Ping to the left prime minister, and Guan Ying, the Marquis of Yingyin, was the Grand Marshal. The other meritorious people were rewarded and pardoned the world.
According to historical records, "Mr. Jiang was the prime minister. After the court was removed from the court, he was very willing to go out. He often gave him the respect of the emperor. Ang: 'If the prime minister has a arrogant look, Your Majesty will be humble, and the lord will be rude. It is said that Your Majesty will not take it. 'The Later Dynasty went to Yizhuang, and the Prime Minister became more and more afraid." ("Records of the Grand Historian: Biography of Yuan Ang Chaocuo") Zhou Bo was satisfied in the court last year, and the scene of Emperor Wen of Wen was seen by the Zhonglang Yuan Ang , thinking that the monarch and ministers were both disrespectful and suggested that Emperor Wen did not have to be humble. Then the emperor went to court to become more solemn, while Zhou Bo was more afraid. More than a month later, someone advised Zhou Bo: "After the king was killed and the king of Dai, he was powerful in the world. He was highly rewarded and placed in a noble position and favored him. After a long time, the disaster would be caused." ("Records of the Grand Historian: The Family of Zhou Bo in Jianghou") After hearing this, Zhou Bo was very afraid and felt in danger.
Not long after, Emperor Wen was quite familiar with national affairs and asked the right prime minister Zhou Bo: "'How much is the one-year prison sentence in the world?'Bo thanked and said, 'I don't know.'Question: 'How much money and grain are there in the world?'Bo thanked and didn't know, sweating and feeling ashamed." ("Records of the Grand Historian: The Family of Prime Minister Chen") The emperor asked the left prime minister, and Chen Ping replied: "There is a supervisor." The emperor asked: "Who?!" Chen Ping said: "There are court guards in the prison, and money and grain are the inner historians of the governance of millet." The emperor asked with a serious expression: 'Then what do you care about? ! ＇ ” Chen Ping said calmly: “The prime minister assisted the emperor, regulated yin and yang, followed the four seasons, cultivated all things, and slaughtered the four barbarians and princes outside, and attached themselves to the people inside, so that the ministers and officials would perform their duties. " After hearing this, Emperor Wen praised him repeatedly. Zhou Bo was ashamed of himself and knew that his talent was not as good as Chen Ping, so he resigned soon afterwards because he was sick. The emperor also approved his request.
More than a year later, Prime Minister Chen Ping passed away, and the emperor asked Zhou Bo to serve as Prime Minister again. About ten months later, the emperor said: "A few days ago, I ordered all the marquis to return to their fiefdoms, but some people have not left yet. Prime Minister, you are a person I value very much. I hope you can take the lead in seizing the country. "So, Zhou Bo was removed from the position of prime minister again and returned to his fiefdom - Jiang County, Hedong County.
Zhou Bo returned to his fiefdom for more than a year. Whenever the county magistrate and the county magistrate inspected each county, he would worry about being killed, so he often put on armor and magistrates, and also asked his family to meet with the county magistrate and magistrate with weapons. Later, someone wrote a letter to inform Zhou Bo of planning to rebel, and the emperor handed the matter over to the Tingwei. The Tingwei was also handed over to the criminal prison officer of Chang'an City , and the criminal prison officer arrested and interrogated Zhou Bo. Zhou Bo was very afraid and did not know how to defend. The prison officer Gradually bullied him, Zhou Bo took out a thousand gold medals and gave them to him. The prisoner wrote a letter on the back of the wooden slip and reminded him: "Let the princess testify for you." The princess is the daughter of Emperor Xiaowen and the wife of Zhou Sheng, the eldest son of Zhou Bo, and the prisoner taught him. Zhou Bo once gave all the rewards obtained from the additional seal to the Empress Dowager's younger brother Bo Zhao. At the critical moment of this case, Bo Zhao pleaded with the Empress Dowager, and Empress Dowager Bo also believed that Zhou Bo would not rebel. One day, when Emperor Wen came to see the Empress Dowager, Empress Dowager Bo grabbed the headscarf and threw it at the emperor, and reprimanded: "The Marquis of Jiang tied the emperor's seal and led his troops to the Northern Army. He did not rebel at this time. He is now living in a small county, and he wants to rebel! "("Records of the Grand Historian: The Family of Zhou Bo in Jiang Hou") Emperor Wen had read Zhou Bo's confession and knelt down and thanked him, "Just as soon as the prison officer found out the matter, he was about to release him out of prison. "So, the emperor sent an envoy to pardon Jiang Hou with Fu Jie and restored his title and fief. Zhou Bo once said with emotion: "I have once commanded a million troops, but how can I know the value of the prison officers! ”
A famous general, a founding hero of the three dynasties, and a founding hero of the Han Dynasty, Zhou Bo, finally returned to his fiefdom after being rehabilitated in an unjust prison. He spent seven or eight years of long and lonely years of his old age and silently completed his life journey. In the eleventh year of Emperor Wen of Han (169 BC), Zhou Bo passed away with the world and was posthumously named Wuhou.
Zhou Yafu Li Fengshan drew
"Real General" of Xiliu Iron Camp-Zhou Yafu
After the death of a famous general of the Han Dynasty, Zhou Shengzhi inherited the throne.Shengzhi married Princess Wen of Han. Later, the couple had a disagreement and killed people due to crimes, and the marquis' fief was removed. A year later, in order to envoy the Marquis of Jiang, Emperor Wen appointed his son Zhou Yafu, the governor of Henei County, as the marquis of , and marquis of . However, Zhou Yafu, who was never expected to be a marquis, not only created an example of the "Xiliuying" and strict military administration, but also helped Wu and Chu to maintain danger and became famous all over the world in the pacification of Wu and Chu. He was promoted to Taiwei and became prime minister. Unexpectedly, this storm figure who was at the peak of the sky later "starved to death" in prison, what are the little-known secrets that allow us to travel through time and space to see the leopard...
1. Goddess and Fairys predict good and bad luck
According to historical records: Zhou Yafu was the governor of Hanoi before he was granted the title of marquis, and he was also unknown. In his spare time, he invited a female minister to look at the court. The minister said, "'The king was three years old and the marquis was a general and prime minister at the age of eight. He was the ruler of the country and was of no importance to the ministers. After nine years old, the king starved to death.' Yafu smiled and said, 'My brother has already replaced his father, Marquis, and is like a soldier. How can Yafu say that he is a marquis? However, since he is as noble as (for ah) to bear words, why should he starve to death? Instruct me.'" (Records of the Grand Historian: The Family of Zhou Bo of Jiang) The female minister pointed at Zhou Yafu's mouth and said, "There is a vertical pattern on your face that enters your mouth. This is the face of starving to death." It seems to be imagined how the county magistrate's state of mind will not be turbulent at this moment.
Three years later, Zhou Yafu's brother Zhou Shengzhi was expelled from the marquis for murder. Emperor Wen thought that Marquis of Jiang was a founding father of the country and wanted to select a wise man from his son, so everyone recommended Zhou Yafu. Therefore, Emperor Wen appointed him as Tiaohou (now Jing County, Hebei) and allowed him to inherit the title of Marquis of Jiang. However, the cycle of reincarnation in history is as if the female accuser said. This is one of the gods that are well-known in later generations recorded in official history. As a rigorous historian, Sima Qian records this mysterious physiognomy legend in detail. So, who is this female beauty?
According to legend, Xu Fu 's father was named Xu Wang, who was the magistrate of Wencheng County, Henei County, and was highly valued by Qin Shihuang . When Xu Fu was born, his palm print looked like a jade ring, and the Bagua pattern appeared. When the emperor heard this, he thought it was a good omen and gave him 200 taels of gold, hoping to raise his daughter well. In order to thank Qin Huang Long's name, Xu Wang named his daughter "Mo Ku". Girls can speak for a hundred days and have special abilities: if they see different people in the cradle, they may cry or laugh. Anyone who sees them will encounter bad luck, and those who see them will be laughing at the same time. As she gradually grew up, she insisted on changing her name "Mo Kui" to "Qi". After the fall of the Qin Dynasty, his father realized something, and no one at that time could argue. In order to make his daughter stand out, his father searched for scholars who were well-educated. Because of the talent of a daughter, young children can read thousands of words in fashion. If the teacher asks me for a brief explanation, they can instantly understand it. Later, he wanted to worship the teacher of Yingchuan Hermit Huangshi Gong . Xu Wang visited many times, but the dragon saw its head but not its tail, and had no chance to meet. Huang Shigong was moved by his sincerity and presented his own book "The Secret Issue of the Heart". Xu Fu got a book like a treasure, he studied it deeply and made great progress in physiognomy, and soon became famous.
It is said that Liu Bang and Xiao He and others went to the Qin capital Xianyang, and went to Hanoi County to visit Xu Wang. When Xu Fu saw Liu Bang, he was astonished as a god. He believed that he would be the future "true dragon emperor". He followed Xiao He and others, all of whom had a noble appearance, so he advised his father to follow Liu Bang. Liu Bang knew it and smiled but said nothing. After the establishment of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Gao fulfilled his promise. According to "Chun Han and Spring and Autumn", Emperor Gao appointed Xu Fu as "Mingxi Tinghou" and was known as "the first goddess in history." From this we can see that as early as , in the Han Dynasty not only had female ministers, but also had female fiefs. In addition to predicting the ups and downs of Tiaohou Zhou Yafu's life, her other god prediction was even more shocking: "When the princes (rebelled) Qin, Wei Bao was appointed as the King of Wei, and Wei's daughter was in the Wei Palace. Xu Fu's appearance was for Bo Ji, and he said he would give birth to the emperor." ("Records of the Grand Historian: Family of Foreign Relatives") As early as when Bo Ji was the wife of King Bao of Wei, her mother asked someone to look at the palace and predicted that Bo Ji would give birth to the emperor. According to this, King Bao of Wei rebelled many times, thinking that he was the true dragon emperor. Later, when the King of Wei was destroyed by Emperor Gao, Bo Ji became the concubine of the King of Han, gave birth to his son Liu Heng, and later became the emperor of the Han Dynasty.
2. Governing the army and suppressing the rebellion of the seven kingdoms
In the sixth year of the Houyuan period of Emperor Wen of Han (158 BC), the Xiongnu military minister Shanyu refused the marriage agreement and launched a war against the Han Dynasty. Tens of thousands of cavalry attacked Gaonu and Yunzhong County on a large scale, burned, killed and looted people, and the border between the Han Dynasty was in crisis. In addition to defending the northern border areas and sending troops to fight back, the imperial court appointed three generals to station heavy troops in the east, northwest and southwest directions of Chang'an City. Once, Emperor Wen personally went to the garrison to comfort the army. When he arrived at the Bashang and Jimen military camps, the atmosphere was peaceful and warm. Soldiers walked straight in, and the barracks all rode horses to welcome and see them off. Not long after, the emperor came to Xiliu Camp again. The officers and soldiers were wearing armor, their weapons were shining with sharp light, their crossbows were ready to go, and their bows were covered with strings. The camp was vigilant and the atmosphere was solemn and solemn. The emperor first arrived at the camp gate, but was unable to enter. "The pioneer said, 'The emperor is here!' The military commander said, 'The general's order said, 'The general's order was heard in the army, but he did not hear the emperor's order.'. Nothing was left, but he was not allowed to enter. So the emperor sent an envoy to hold a ritual to the general: 'I want to enter the army to work hard.' Yafu then rumored that the wall gate (camp gate) was opened. The military officials said to their subordinates: 'The general's order, the army should not be driven.'" (Records of the Grand Historian: The Family of Zhou Bo in Jiang) It can be seen that even if the emperor enters the camp to work hard, he must abide by the strict access control system.
When the emperor and his party were about to enter the camp, the minor officials guarding the camp said to the chariot and horse followers: "The general has set rules, and horses are not allowed to drive them in the military camp." According to historical records, "The emperor then followed the bridle (reins of the horse). When he arrived at the camp, the general Yafu held the army and bowed and said, "The men of the army will not bow, please see them with military rituals." The emperor moved and changed his style to Shi (the cross-border tree in front of the chariot). He asked people to thank him: "The emperor respects the general." ("Records of the Grand Historian: The Family of Zhou Bo of Jianghou") The general meaning is: After hearing the instructions of the guards, the emperor also tightened the reins and walked forward slowly. When he arrived at the camp, General Zhou Yafu bowed his hands with his weapons and said, "The soldiers wearing armor are not convenient to kneel down. Please allow me to pay homage to Your Majesty with my army." The emperor was moved by the general's actions, and his expression immediately became solemn, and he leaned against the crossbar in front of the car to salute the soldiers. He sent someone to thank Zhou Yafu and said, "The emperor respectfully came to comfort the general." After completing the military service etiquette, the group followed the emperor. History records: "After leaving the army, all the ministers were shocked. Emperor Wen said: 'Alas, this is a true general!'" ("Records of the Grand Historian: Zhou Bo Family of Jianghou") Then the emperor said with emotion: "The scenes seen at Bashang and Jimen are like children's plays. How could those generals not be attacked and captured by the enemy? As for Zhou Yafu, how could the enemy invade him!" Emperor Wen praised Zhou Yafu for a long time. He was later appointed as lieutenant.
Han Emperor Wen warned the prince when he was dying: "If there is a critical situation in the future, Zhou Yafu will be the one who can truly take on the heavy responsibility of leading the army." After Emperor Wen's death, Emperor Jing appointed Zhou Yafu as the general of the chariot and cavalry.
000 19th year of Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty (154 BC), the "Seven Kingdoms Rebellion" initiated by King Liu Bi of Wu posed severe challenges to the unification of the Western Han Dynasty. Liu Bi was the nephew of Emperor Gaozu of Han, with a very fierce and brave personality. At the age of twenty, he was named King Wu of Wu as a cavalry general, followed Emperor Gao to quell the rebellion of King Yingbu of Huainan. According to historical records, "The emperor was worried that Wu and Kuaiji were so fierce that there was no Zhuang king to fill it (in the capital). The young men made the name of Pei as the King of Wu, and the king had 53 cities in three counties and fifty-three cities." After the title of the king, Emperor Gao saw that his nephew had a "reverse" and was also regretful in his heart, so he turned his back and warned him: "Why would there be chaos in the southeast in the fifty years after the Han Dynasty? However, the same surname was a family in the world, be careful not to rebel!" Liu Bi immediately bowed and said, "My nephew would never dare!" ("Records of the Grand Historian: Biography of King Bi of Wu") During the reign of Emperor Wen, the rule of , Huang Lao was pursued, and the power of the kings of the Liu family grew stronger and more arrogant and self-reliant. Once, the Crown Prince of Wu went to Chang'an to pay tribute, but was beaten to death by the Crown Prince Liu Qi for playing chess. From then on, the King of Wu also said that he was sick and refused to court. In order to calm the situation, Emperor Wen gave Liu Bi a cane and was spared from going to the capital for his old age. The King of Wu used the benefits of Yuzhang and Kuaiji to make money and boil salt, which was the best in the world. In order to win people's hearts, Liu Bi exempted the people from taxes, and sent soldiers to serve and paid Servant money, and used a large amount of money to gather talents from counties and states, keep the desperate people in the world, continuously expand the separatist forces, and intend to usurp the throne.After Emperor Jing of Han ascended the throne, in order to strengthen centralization, he adopted the "Strategy for Reducing the Vastrous Powers" of the Censor Chao Cuo, and successively issued edicts to cut off the fiefs of the vassal states such as Chu and Zhao. At this time, King Liu Bi of Wu, with the power of burning his boats, regardless of his 62-year-old age, gathered more than 40 years of accumulation. With the age of himself and his youngest son, he recruited soldiers from the 14 to 62-year-olds of the counties and states, and joined forces with seven royal princes including the Liu family, including Chu, to launch a rebellion in the name of "please punish Chao Cuo and to clear the king." The momentum was fierce, and the government and the country were shaking. In order to prevent the situation from deteriorating, Emperor Jing followed the advice of Minister Yuan Ang and beheaded Chao Cuo, who was wearing court uniforms in Dongshi against his will, but the rebels did not give up. When the Han Dynasty was in danger, Zhou Yafu was promoted from lieutenant to the Grand Marshal and was ordered to be in danger. Historical records: "The seven countries reported that the emperor had heard of the rebellion of the emperor. The emperor gave the Taiwei Tiaohou Zhou Yafu to general thirty-six generals to attack Wu and Chu." ("Records of the Grand Historian: Biography of King Bi of Wu") When the Taiwei Zhou Yafu arrived at Bashang (now the eastern suburbs of Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province), he met a scholar Zhao Shexian's suggestion: In order to prevent the rebels from attacking halfway, it was recommended to take a detour to Lantian and leave Wuguan and quickly arrive at Luoyang. Then he went to the Xingyang front line and gathered various armies to avoid the real and wait for the opportunity to counterattack. Zhou Yafu followed his plan and reported to the emperor's plan to defeat the enemy according to the enemy's situation: "'The Chu army is light and it is difficult to compete with you. I hope that Liang (the State) will entrust it to the food route, and then it can be controlled.' The emperor agreed." (Records of the Grand Historian: The Family of Zhou Bo of the Marquis of Jiang) At that time, more than 300,000 troops of Wu and Chu were attacking the Liang Kingdom, capturing cities and plundering land, and killing tens of thousands of people. The situation was extremely critical. Liang State asked the Taiwei for rescue, but Zhou Yafu led his army to the flank of the rebels and the northeast to attack Changyi City (now Juye, Shandong), digging deep into the city, and unable to stand out. Liang State sent envoys to ask for help every day. The Taiwei believed that sticking to the Han army was beneficial to the Han army and refused to go to rescue. Historical records: Helplessly, "The Liang wrote a letter to Emperor Jing, and Emperor Jing sent an edict to rescue Liang. The Taiwei did not obey the imperial edict and did not stand firm, but allowed the light cavalry, Gong Gaohou and others to cut off the esophagus of the Wu and Chu soldiers." ("Records of the Grand Historian: The Family of Zhou Bo of Jiang") The Wu army was very hungry due to the lack of food and challenged the Han army many times, but the Taiwei Zhou Yafu never stood firm. Late one night, an armed battle occurred in the Han camp, and the soldiers attacked each other and disturbed each other, making a huge noise, and even made a noise under the lieutenant. However, Zhou Yafu was still unable to get up. After a while, the barracks returned to stability.
A few days later, the rebels of the Wu Kingdom rushed to the southeast corner of the Han army camp, and the Taiwei ordered the soldiers to be careful in the northwest direction. Soon, the elite troops of Wu did rush to the northwest corner, but failed to invade. The Wu soldiers were already trapped in the crowd, so they retreated one after another. At this time, the Taiwei sent elite troops to pursue him, and the Wu army was defeated. King Liu Bi of Wu fled in panic, and thousands of elite cavalry followed closely and fled to the Dantu of Jiangnan (now under the jurisdiction of Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province), and temporarily held on their own protection. So, the Han army took advantage of the victory to pursue all the rebels, forced them to surrender, and then offered a reward of 100 million yuan to buy the head of the King of Wu. More than a month later, a Yue man cut off the head of King Liu Bin of Wu and came to report. The attack and defense of the two armies took three months, and the rebellion between Wu and Chu was quelled. At this time, the generals finally realized that the strategy of the Taiwei Zhou Yafu was very correct. However, King Xiao of Liang (Empress Dowager Dou's beloved son and Emperor Jing of Han) formed a grudge with the Taiwei because of this.
3. The general's decisive battle is not just a battlefield
Zhou Yafu quelled the "Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms" of Wu and Chu in a triumphant manner, and was highly treated and welcomed. The emperor re-established the Taiwei Officer. In the fifth year of Emperor Jing of Han (152 BC), Zhou Yafu was promoted to prime minister, and the emperor valued it very much. However, can the invincible general who wins the battlefield show his ambitions in the new battlefield? Waiting for history to tell the world...
According to historical records: "Emperor Jing deposed Prince Li, and the Prime Minister fought for it, but he could not. Emperor Jing dismissed it from this. However, King Xiao of Liang often talked with the Empress Dowager about the shortcomings of the Marquis." ("Records of the Grand Historian: The Family of Zhou Bo of Jianghou") It seems that the emperor wanted to abolish Prince Li Liu Rong, but although Prime Minister Zhou Yafu tried his best to dissuade him, it still failed, but it also caused Emperor Jing's estrangement from this. Whenever King Xiao of Liang came to Beijing to pay his respects to the emperor, he always made a "small report" to Empress Dowager Dou and told him about the shortcomings of the marquis.
Mrs. Dou once said to the emperor: "You can make Wang Xin, the elder brother of the Queen (Liu Che's mother), a marquis." Emperor Jing refused and said, "At that time, the Marquis of Nanpi Dou Pengzu (nephew of Empress Dowager Dou) and the Marquis of Zhangwu Dou Guangguo (ephew of Empress Dowager Dou) were not granted marquis by the former emperor, and they were not granted marquis until I ascended the throne. It is not the time to sign a king and a marquis now. " Empress Dowager Dou said: "Those who are monarchs act according to their specific circumstances at that time. Dou Changjun (Brother Dou) was unable to be granted a marquis while he was alive. After he died, his son Dou Pengzu became a marquis instead. This made me very regretful. Your Majesty, please sign the king and write a letter to the marquis! " Emperor Jing said: "I have to discuss this matter with the Prime Minister. " Emperor Jing discussed the matter with the Prime Minister, and Zhou Yafu said: "Emperor Gao made an agreement that the king would not be granted unless the Liu family was not granted, and that the marquis would not be granted unless the Liu family was made. It’s better to make an appointment, and the whole world will fight it together’. Although I am now in the queen, I have no merits, so I am not a promise. "("Records of the Grand Historian: The Family of Zhou Bo in the Marquis of Jiang") After hearing this, Emperor Jing was speechless. He had to give up this matter.
Later, the Xiongnu King Wei Xu Lu and five others surrendered to the Han Dynasty. Emperor Jing planned to make them marquises to encourage later people. History records: "Prime Minister Yafu said: 'If you bear the lord and surrender to Your Majesty, your Majesty will surrender to you, why would you blame the ministers for not being upright? ＇ Emperor Jing said: 'The Prime Minister's proposal is not available. Ｒ" (Records of the Grand Historian: The Family of Zhou Bo of the Marquis of Jiang) Zhou Yafu raised doubts on the grounds that he could blame his ministers who were not ethical, but was denied by Emperor Jing. Therefore, he appointed Xu Lu and others as marquis. Zhou Yafu said that he had been sick and retired to his home. In the third year of Zhongyuan of Emperor Jing (147 BC), Zhou Yafu was removed from the position of prime minister due to illness.
Once, Emperor Jing held a banquet in the palace to entertain guests, and Zhou Yafu, who had been exempted from the presidency, was also invited. Only a large piece of meat was placed on several cases, neither chopped nor chopped. The Marquis Tiao was dissatisfied and turned his head to ask the official in charge of the banquet to bring chopsticks! Emperor Jing saw his behavior from afar and smiled and said, "Can't you meet your needs yet? ” Tiaohou felt rude and took off his hat to apologize. After the banquet, the emperor had just stood up, Tiaohou also took the opportunity to retreat quickly. Emperor Jing looked at his figure and said thoughtfully: "How can a person like this who expresses dissatisfaction when encountering troubles be the subject of the young master..."
Not long after, Tiaohou's son bought five hundred sets of armor and shields for his father from the official office that made court supplies. Carry these tools It was very hard to hire a worker, but Tiaohou's son did not pay the wages. The hired worker knew that he had secretly purchased the utensils used by the emperor, and in anger, he sued Zhou Yafu's son for attempting to rebel. This matter naturally involved Tiaohou. The report was reported to the emperor, and Emperor Jing handed the matter to the officials under his command to investigate. The officials questioned Tiaohou according to the content of the document, but Tiaohou refused to answer. Historical records: After reporting this situation to the emperor, "The Emperor Jing scolded him and said, 'I don't need it! ＇ summoned to the court lieutenant. "("Records of the Grand Historian: The Family of Zhou Bo in Jiang") Emperor Jing scolded him for not appointing Tiaohou, and ordered Zhou Yafu to be handed over to the Tingwei for handling. The Tingwei asked Zhou Yafu: "Do you really want to rebel? "Zhou Yafu said: "The tools I bought are burial tools. What is anti-evil? The official said: 'Even if the king and the lord do not turn against the ground, he will turn against the ground. Ｒ" (Records of the Grand Historian: The Family of Zhou Bo in Jiang) The prisoners were forced to force more and more. At first, when the prisoners came to arrest Tiaohou, Zhou Yafu planned to commit suicide, but his wife stopped him and was imprisoned. So, Zhou Yafu did not eat for five consecutive days, and finally vomited blood and died. As the female prime minister Xu Fu said, Tiaohou was indeed "starved to death". A generation of famous generals fell down like this, and Emperor Jing signed the king's envelope as Gaihou, and Tiaohou's seal The land was also removed.
In order to continue the sacrifice of Zhou Bo, a year later, Emperor Jing changed Zhou Bo's third son Zhou Jian to the Marquis of Pingqu, and died nineteen years later, with the posthumous title of Gonghou. Emperor Wu of Han also granted his son Zhou Jiande to inherit the throne of marquis. Thirteen years later, Jiande became the crown prince's tutor. Due to the poor quality of the gold offered by the sacrificial sacrifice, he was found guilty in the fifth year of Yuanding (112 BC) and his fief was removed.
