Recently, Hainan, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Fujian and other southern provinces have successively issued influenza epidemic warning messages.
Source: Weibo screenshot
Test data from the China Influenza Center shows that This time, influenza virus is mainly composed of A (H3N2) subtype influenza virus.
2022 Week 25, monitoring data showed that the positive rate of influenza virus tests in southern provinces continued to rise this week, and some provinces entered the summer high period, mainly A (H3N2) subtype influenza virus (the red line is this year's data). [1]
Source: Test data of China Influenza Center
The ILI% reported by sentinel hospitals in southern provinces was 7.5%, higher than the previous week's level (7.0%) and higher than the same period from 2019 to 2021 (4.2%, 3.3% and 4.0%). [1]
Some people may wonder, isn’t flu all appearing in spring and winter? Why is it suddenly active in the south this time?
Usually, the larger national flu outbreak period is concentrated in the spring and winter. But in humid and hot areas, influenza may actually occur throughout the year.
Why is influenza worthy of vigilance? Are you really familiar with the influenza and flu vaccination?
Flu ≠ Common cold
is highly contagious and more serious
—
Some people despise the flu and think that "it will be fine if you last a few days", "take some cold medicine", "drink more hot water ", "Just cover your sweat"...
is actually not the case!
Treating influenza as a common cold will only delay treatment and aggravate the condition. Influenza and the common cold have essential differences. Find out the following 5 points to easily identify the flu.
1. Different causes: influenza is caused by influenza viruses such as type A H5N1, H7N9, H1N1, while the pathogens of the common cold are caused by rhinovirus , coronavirus, etc.
2. Different manifestations: flu is often accompanied by high fever above 39 ℃, mostly sudden attacks, accompanied by systemic symptoms such as chills, chills, headache, muscles, joint pain, extreme fatigue, and loss of appetite; while common colds mostly do not have fever or are accompanied by low fever , which have symptoms of nasal congestion and pain.
3. Different infectivity: influenza is much more contagious than common colds, and the common incubation period is 1 to 4 days (average 2 days).
4. The high incidence period is different: influenza has obvious seasonality, mostly from November to March of the following year, and summer off-seasonal influenza will also occur in some southern regions; while common colds do not have obvious seasonal characteristics and may occur throughout the year.
5. Different complications: Common cold rarely experiences complications, while influenza may induce severe complications such as pneumonia , myocarditis , meningitis, etc. [2]
Flu death
mostly stems from complications
—
Data shows that every year due to influenza, the world will increase by 3 million to 5 million severe cases and 290,000 to 650,000 deaths from respiratory diseases. [3]
Influenza is not just a fever or cough. It is different from the common cold. is a viral infection that may cause death.
Especially for the elderly and children, those who sit for a long time and do not exercise, and have poor physical resistance, the flu should be treated in a timely manner to avoid the following 5 serious complications. [2]
1. Pneumonia
Pneumonia is one of the most common complications of influenza. Generally, the condition worsens 2 to 4 days after onset, and cough, chest pain, , sputum, fever, difficulty breathing, etc. In severe , respiratory failure may even occur.
2. Otitis media
Symptoms of ear pain, fever, and hearing abnormalities occur.
Source: Visual China
3. Heart damage
such as myocarditis, pericarditis or even heart failure . can manifest as palpitations, chest tightness , fever, asthma, edema, etc.
4. Neurological damage
such as encephalitis , meningitis, myelitis , etc., which can be manifested as headache, nausea, fever, stiff neck, unclear consciousness, abnormal limb sensation, limb paralysis, etc.
5. Myositis
is more common in children and manifests as obvious muscle pain (most commonly found in the muscles of the legs), vomiting, confusion in consciousness, etc.
Once complications occur, it means that the condition is serious and you should seek medical treatment immediately.
is vaccinated early, and people who are not afraid of off-season flu
≥ 6 months old can be vaccinated with
↓↓↓
-advertising-
influenza vaccine
do a good job in preventing
—
preventing influenza. Vaccination is one of the effective means. There are 3 influenza vaccines approved for marketing in my country:
❶ Trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (injection type)
❷ Quadrival inactivated influenza vaccine (injection type)
❸ Trivalent live attenuated vaccine (nose spray type)
❸ Trivalent live attenuated vaccine (nose spray type)
These three vaccines, can effectively prevent the main influenza strain in this influenza - H3N2 virus.
Among them, quadrivalent influenza vaccine can prevent more than trivalent influenza virus strain subtypes (as shown below).
Source: TuChong Creative
Influenza vaccine is still a non-immunization program vaccine, and is voluntarily vaccinated at its own expense; however, some provinces or local governments have used influenza vaccine as local immunization program vaccines to carry out free vaccination for specific groups.
For example, Zhejiang Province has been using the elderly over 70 years old as free vaccination targets for influenza vaccines since 2020, and Beijing has also been vaccinating influenza vaccines for free for children of appropriate age for many years.
But one thing to emphasize is that the influenza vaccine can only prevent influenza caused by influenza virus , and cannot prevent common cold .
Because there are many pathogens that cause the common cold, there are viral infections, bacteria or other pathogens, infections, but common cold cannot be prevented by influenza virus vaccine.
Who can be vaccinated?
—
If there are no vaccination contraindications, ≥ 6 months of age can receive influenza vaccination every year. People below are given priority for vaccination:
1. Medical staff: such as clinical staff, public health staff and health quarantine personnel;
2. Participants and security personnel in large-scale events;
3. Vulnerable groups and employees in places where people gather: such as nursing homes, long-term care institutions, welfare homes, etc.;
4. People in key places: such as childcare institutions, primary and secondary school teachers and students, prison detention center personnel, etc.;
5. Other high-risk groups: such as 60 years old and above, children aged 6 months to 5 years old, patients with chronic diseases, 6 Family members and caregivers of babies under the age of age, pregnant women or women preparing to get pregnant during flu season. [4]
is vaccinated early, and people who are not afraid of off-season flu
≥ 6 months old can be vaccinated
↓↓↓
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can be vaccinated different
—
The "Technical Guidelines for Vaccination of Influenza Vaccination (2021-2022)" issued by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention proposed: For people who can receive different types and manufacturers of vaccine products, recipients can voluntarily choose to receive any influenza vaccine, and has no priority recommendation.
At the same time, there is no difference in safety between tetravalent and trivalent, domestic and imported brands influenza inactivated vaccines, and there is a slight difference in contraindications between live contraindications of trivalent nasal jet influenza, but it is also safe.
comprehensively considers the following age ranges:
6-35 months of age infants: can receive trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine or tetravalent inactivated influenza vaccine (0.25 mL dosage form); there is no essential difference between each brand, please choose one of them to be vaccinated in time.
htmlChildren and adults over 53: can be vaccinated with trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (0.5 mL dosage form) or tetravalent inactivated influenza vaccine (0.5 mL dosage form).
Although tetravalent than trivalent can prevent one more virus type, it is even more important to get vaccinated in time before the high-influenza season arrives.
htmlChildren and adolescents aged 53-17: can also choose to receive the live attenuated vaccine for trivalent nasal jet influenza (0.2 mL dosage form).Is
suitable for vaccination now?
—
Usually, after 2 to 4 weeks of influenza vaccine, antibodies with protection levels can be produced. The protective antibodies produced after vaccination generally last for 6 to 8 months, and the protective effect will gradually weaken over time.
Therefore, if you receive a new flu vaccine every year, you can gain continuous immunity. To ensure that recipients receive immune protection before the high flu season, it is best to complete immunization by the end of October.
but re-inoculation, no need to be separated from the previous injection 1 whole year!
For example: I was vaccinated with the flu in November 2021, and I can still get the flu vaccine in July 2022.
is vaccinated early, and people who are not afraid of off-season flu
≥6 months old can be vaccinated
↓↓↓
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-
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-acceptance vaccine is made on Dingliu Doctor platform. has not been cancelled and is refunded at any time. There is no handling fee for (return time is 1 to 3 working days).
If you are in your city, there are two other ways to try it -
1. Click "Arrival Notification" to subscribe, and there will be real-time notifications after arriving in the seedlings.
2. Join the Dingxiang Community, we will notify everyone in the group as soon as possible after arriving at the Miaoshu to avoid missing out.
How to get the flu vaccine?
Is the local community arriving?
Assistant answers questions online, scan the code below to enter the group
↓↓↓
Review expert Wang Xi
Shanghai Minhang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Deputy Chief Physician of Public Health
Reference
[1] China National Influenza Center, Weekly Report on Influenza Testing Week 25, 2022 Total No. 706 (June 20, 2022-June 26, 2022).
[2] Ge Junbo, Xu Yongjian, Wang Chen. Internal Medicine[M]. 9th edition. People's Health Publishing House, 2018.
[3] "Technical Guidelines for the Prevention of Influenza Vaccination in China (2020-2021)".
[4] National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. Influenza Diagnosis and Treatment Plan (2019 Edition).
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