has entered the flu season again. Whoever gets a little hot will be very nervous. Will you get influenza? Should I observe at home or go to the hospital as soon as possible? What medicine should I take?
Today, I would like to ask Chief physicians of the Department of Infectious Diseases in Beijing Ditan Hospital Chen Zhihai and Jiang Rongmeng to tell you what to do if you have influenza?
Chen Zhihai
Beijing Ditan Hospital Infectious Disease Department Chief Physician
Jiang Rongmeng
Beijing Ditan Hospital Infectious Disease Department Chief physician
First of all, we should distinguish between flu and cold
Common cold , generally has mild or no fever, and the systemic symptoms are mild, while runny nose, sneezing, nasal congestion, sore throat and other symptoms are obvious . The duration is short and there are few complications.
Flu is caused by influenza virus, mainly manifested as high fever, accompanied by obvious systemic symptoms such as headache, fatigue, and general muscle aches, while sneezing, nasal congestion, runny nose, and sore throat upper respiratory tract symptoms such as . A few patients with influenza may show gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, abdominal pain, etc.
Patients with mild influenza generally last for 5-7 days. In severe cases, viral pneumonia may be complicated by high fever, cough, dyspnea and cyanosis, and even respiratory failure.
Look at the following self-examination table and you will understand better
Symptoms Flu Cold fever fever typical symptoms, often high fever (39-40℃), may be accompanied by chills. does not have fever or mild or moderate heat, no chills fever duration 3-5 days
1-2 days systemic symptoms
obvious headache, fatigue, whole body muscle ache
mild
upper respiratory tract symptoms sometimes accompanied by runny nose, sneezing, 4 Nerve congestion, sore throat Chest discomfort, cough common, sometimes severe mild to moderate dry cough complications can be combined with otitis media, pneumonia, myocarditis, meningitis or encephalitis
rare epidemic very strong infectious
epidemic status very infectious weak infectious
What should I do if I have influenza or cold?
I have influenza, Please take leave to rest at home to avoid infection to colleagues. If you have mild fever, eat normally and have normal physical strength, you can take care of yourself at home.
However, if the symptoms persist, the symptoms are serious, such as cough and sputum, diarrhea, headache and dizziness, palpitations and even difficulty breathing, you should go to the hospital in time.
html Elderly over 165 years old, children under 5 years old, pregnant women, and people with underlying diseases have flu-like symptoms. Do not bear it, and go to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment in time.
Influenza is treated with antiviral drug . There is evidence that the earlier you use anti-influenza virus drugs, the better the effect. It is recommended to take medicine within 48 hours, which is the best effect.
If it is common cold , symptomatic treatment is required. should take some cold medicine appropriately, Western medicine and Chinese patent medicines are fine.
At the same time, You should also pay attention to the method to rest at home, so that the disease can be cured quickly:
Pay attention to rest: routine work and rest, go to bed early and get up early.
Light diet: Drink more white rice porridge
Drink more water: Normal adults generally drink 1500ml-2000ml per day. The amount of water here does not only refer to the water you drink, all the water intake of the body is included, drink more 5 during illness 00ml of water, that is, the amount of a bottle of mineral water of an ordinary size
Pay attention to isolation from family and colleagues
Pay attention to cough etiquette: When coughing, should not be covered with hands, but should be covered with forearm or tissue. Because there are more items in contact with hands, it is easier to spread the virus.
In addition, had influenza last year, and this year it may also get again. Because there are several types of influenza viruses that are prevalent every year, I got influenza last year and may have developed a certain degree of immunity to a certain influenza virus, but this year I may also be infected with other influenza viruses. Moreover, there are also differences in the influenza virus epidemic every year, so the influenza virus vaccine requires vaccination every year.
What medicine should I take if I have influenza?
I have influenza, will it work if I take antibiotics?
Antibiotics have certain efficacy in bacterial infections, but influenza is a viral infection. Taking antibiotics not only cannot treat influenza, but may also bring side effects.
I have influenza, will it work if I take antipyretics?
Some people don’t pay attention to the high fever caused by influenza and think that it’s enough to take some antipyretics at home. In this regard, Chen Zhihai said that antipyretics cannot cure influenza, but can only reduce the body temperature and make people feel more comfortable. Many patients take antipyretics, and after a while, they get back to fever and take antipyretics. Repeated use of antipyretics will not only have great side effects, but will also cover up the real progress of the disease. Patients with persistent high fever should seek medical treatment in time.
I got influenza, how is the infusion good?
When many people hear that they have influenza, they think they should have an infusion as soon as possible, so that they can get better quickly. In fact, most influenza patients have mild symptoms, just take anti-influenza virus drugs, rest at home, and pay attention to isolation. For some patients with severe cases such as pneumonia caused by influenza and even respiratory failure, they need supportive and symptomatic treatment such as infusion and oxygen inhalation.
What is the efficacy of oseltamivir, an anti-flu “magic drug”?
Some people are worried that the "anti-flu" magic drug oseltamivir, which has been circulating on the Internet, has no obvious effect and has great side effects. Chen Zhihai said that oseltamivir is very effective and is best taken within 48 hours. As for side effects, this medicine can be taken for up to 5 days, and it can also be taken by pregnant women and children who have been born for more than 14 days, so it is very safe.
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Flu prevention needs to be known, vaccination is the most effective
Military patients stay at home, coughing, sneezing, covering their noses and mouths
Safety distance is more than one meter, and the outer mask must be worn
Old and child diseases, if infected, please seek medical insurance as soon as possible and healthy
Source: Taiyuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention
