Hainan Province Influenza epidemic season is generally from November to March of the year, and some years last until July.
01
What is influenza?
Influenza is the abbreviation of influenza . It is a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by influenza virus .
Among them, influenza A and B viruses that cause human infection and are seasonal prevalent are mainly influenza A and B viruses. The antigenicity of influenza viruses is variable and spreads rapidly. Every winter and spring are the epidemic season for respiratory infectious diseases such as influenza.
02
How does influenza spread?
Influenza patients and hidden infections are the main sources of infection for seasonal influenza. The transmission route of influenza is mainly droplet transmission, and it can also be transmitted directly or indirectly through mucosa such as the mouth, nasal cavity, and eyes. Clustered epidemics are prone to occur in densely populated places such as schools, childcare institutions and nursing homes.
03
How did you find out that you have flu?
The symptoms of influenza are as follows:
The disease suddenly occurs, and there will be symptoms such as high fever, pain all over the body, fatigue, bronchial inflammation, etc., but the respiratory symptoms are mild. After the baby suffers from influenza, his appetite decreases or has no appetite, and has symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, etc., and has poor mental state and no energy to play.
04
Influenza ≠ Common cold , these symptoms should be paid attention to!
Influenza is not a common cold. Although the two sound or look very similar, the flu is far more contagious than a common cold, and may cause serious complications and cause death. When children experience "cold" symptoms, many parents are stupid and can't tell the difference between flu and cold, and are often at a loss.
One picture to understand their main differences↓
Although most of the flu are mild, it will get better after taking anti-flu medicines or just carry them yourself. However, influenza may also cause serious complications, which may be life-threatening at these times! If you have the following symptoms, you must pay attention to the treatment immediately!
05
What are the susceptible people?
The entire population is generally susceptible to influenza viruses and gains immunity to homogeneous viruses after infection, but the duration is short, and there is no cross-immunity between various types and subtypes, which can cause repeated diseases. Children, the elderly, pregnant women, and chronic patients are high-risk groups of influenza, and it is even more serious after influenza infection. What should I do if I have flu symptoms?
01
Go to the hospital in time for treatment. Patients and accompanying staff need to wear masks to avoid cross infection.
02
Try to avoid entering and leaving public places and reduce close contact with people around you. If you really need to go out, you should wear a mask. Use a handkerchief or tissue to cover your mouth and nose when sneezing or coughing to reduce the spread of the disease.
03
After flu symptoms occur, pay attention to self-isolation and protection, open windows for ventilation, cover your mouth and nose with tissues, towels, etc. when coughing and sneezing, and wash your hands frequently with soapy water and hand sanitizer to disinfect items contaminated by influenza virus in a timely manner.
07
How to prevent influenza?
1. The most effective way to prevent the vaccine: Get vaccinated
Vaccination with influenza is the most effective way to prevent influenza and can significantly reduce the risk of influenza and serious complications for vaccinated people.
About influenza vaccine
There are these things you need to know! Both types of vaccines
can prevent influenza infection. There is no priority recommendation. You can voluntarily receive any influenza vaccine.
2. Wash your hands frequently
Wash your hands frequently is one of the easiest and most important measures to prevent the spread of influenza. Wash your hands in time after going home, after contacting public goods, after sneezing, blowing your nose, touching your mouth, nose, eyes, before and after meals, etc.
Correct Hand washing way:
Try to use running water and hand sanitizer/soap to wash your hands;
Use disposable tissues or disposable small towels after washing your hands, avoid using public towels;
When washing your hands in public places, you can use a tissue to pad and turn off the faucet to avoid secondary pollution caused by contact with the faucet.
3. The most direct prevention: Avoid contact with people with influenza-like symptoms
Influenza patients are the main source of infection. If someone at home is infected with the flu, it is recommended to isolate as much as possible, especially reduce contact with children and the elderly. When you have to contact, you can wear a mask to reduce the risk of infection.
During the flu season, try not to go to densely populated areas. It is best to wear a medical mask when you have to.
08
What medicine can I take for mild influenza?
09
How to do influenza prevention and control?
It is recommended that children's care institutions and schools do the following:
1. Do a good job in morning and afternoon inspections
Students who find flu-like symptoms such as fever, runny nose, cough should notify their parents in a timely manner and should not go to school. Excessive fatigue and intense exercise may cause viral myocarditis and even cause death, so be sure to let students rest at home. Classes can only resume 48 hours after the student's body temperature returns to normal and other flu-like symptoms disappear. Schools should reasonably arrange the make-up lessons, make-up exams and other work for students absent due to illness to eliminate concerns between students and parents.
2. Do a good job in cleaning and disinfection
Schools should use wet mops to mop the floor every day, and often clean and disinfect classroom door handles, tables and chairs, etc. Clean the air conditioner and centralized air conditioner ventilation systems regularly. If there is a disease in the classroom, use chlorine-containing disinfectant (such as 4 disinfectant ) to wipe the patient's desk and chair, rinse the rag with running water, wash it, soak it in the disinfectant for 30 minutes and then use it again.
3. Keep the classroom air circulating
Open the windows at least twice a day for 10 to 15 minutes each time. The ventilation time can be selected during class, during lunch break and after school. Pay attention to ventilation to prevent students from catching cold.
4. The teacher is isolated and rested by the flu
If a teacher has influenza or has flu-like symptoms, the teacher should be arranged to be isolated and rested by the home and should not attend class with illness. Because teachers have a large range of activities, they can easily spread the flu virus, which can easily cause flu outbreaks and epidemics.
5. Develop good hygiene habits
Schools should provide necessary hand washing facilities such as tap water and hand sanitizer to educate students to wash their hands frequently and develop good hygiene habits. When coughing or sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with tissues, elbows, etc., wash your hands after coughing or sneezing, and try to avoid touching your mouth, nose or eyes with your hands.
6. Vaccination
Vaccination with influenza is an effective measure to prevent influenza. It is recommended that school teachers and students get influenza vaccination every year.
7. Report
When the number of influenza cases in schools increases significantly, it should be reported to the local community health service center (health center) and other places in a timely manner.
Reprinted from: Hainan Disease Control WeChat official account
Source: Hainan Daily
