In recent years, residents in the Yangtze River Delta region have always been at the forefront of their pursuit of high-quality, healthy and nutritious life. The emergence of fresh corn has injected a heart-warming agent into the diversification of the local dietary structure. Located in the hinterland of the Yangtze River Delta, it is a transitional area between the warm temperate zone and the subtropical zone. The climate in Anhui is relatively suitable for the growth and development of fresh corn. The self-cultivated varieties in the province have gone from scratch, and the planting area has been rising steadily. The fresh corn industry in Anhui Province has broad prospects.
takes one step at a time, and self-cultivated varieties emerge
"For Anhui, the biggest change this year is that the amount of sweet corn planting in exceeds glutinous corn ." Deng Jiacai, chairman of the Caiyun Agricultural Products Production and Sales Professional Cooperative in Wuwei County, Anhui, told reporters. At present, the sweet corn planting area in Anhui Province has climbed from 40% last year to 70%, and the glutinous corn planting area has dropped from 60% to 30%.
From the initial glutinous corn cultivation to the mainstream, to the current sweet corn has successfully taken over, the fresh corn industry in Anhui Province is seeking change while maintaining the pace of consumption step by step. From the early Su Yu Nuo series varieties to the current "Wannuo 2000", "Caitian Nuo No. 6" and Tai Tian series, the varieties in Anhui Province are relatively chaotic and relatively single, most of which are quoted from other places, and the market share of self-cultivated varieties in the province is relatively low.
"Anhui Province began to grow corn on a large scale since the early 1990s. By 2000, fresh corn gradually formed industrial ." Wang Shiji, director of the Cultivation Office of the Corn Research Center of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, introduced. As one of the main fresh corn production areas in Anhui Province, Wuhu City is one of the best early planting bases in the country. From its forward steps, we can see the trend of fresh corn varieties in the province.
992, "Su Yunuo No. 1" and "Su Yunuo No. 2" were the first to develop in Wuwei County. This series of varieties produced by Jiangsu Grain have long dominated the Anhui market. It was not until 2001 that the Jingke Nuo series was born. As a milestone in my country's fresh corn industry, the Jingke glutinous series is constantly updated and more suitable varieties are constantly emerging. "Anhui Province has fresh corn, weak scientific research strength, less project and capital investment, coupled with scarce germplasm resources, poor variety resistance and poor quality, there are not many good varieties on the market." Yu Haibing, professor at Anhui University of Science and Technology, mentioned. Breeding started late, and all scientific research institutions in Anhui Province, including Anhui University of Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, , Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, etc., have not dared to relax.
In 2005, the " Fengnuo 2146" independently selected and bred by Anhui University of Science and Technology passed the national review and began to be widely promoted. "'Fengnuo 2146' has outstanding output and quality performance, and has thin skin and good glutinousness. " said Yu Haibing. "Fengnuo 2146" was bred by Liu Zheng, a professor at Anhui University of Science and Technology. He was the first breeder in Anhui Province to engage in glutinous corn breeding in the country in the late 1980s. The first glutinous corn hybrid in Anhui Province, " Anban No. 5 ", has filled the gap in the province's self-bred varieties of fresh corn.
" Until now, "'Fengnuo 2146' is still the test-based control variety in Anhui Province's fresh corn area. "Yu Haibing said that as a member of the corn science and technology innovation team of Anhui Academy of Sciences, Yu Haibing inherited Liu Zheng's corn business and was determined to work hard in the research and development of local varieties in Anhui Province. This advantageous innovation team in the field of corn breeding in Anhui Province has continued to breed a series of new corn varieties such as Wanyu No. 8, Wanyu No. 13, Fengnuo 2146, Fengnuo 2004, Fengnuo No. 1 , etc., and researched for the fresh corn seed industry in Anhui Province The development has laid a good foundation.
At present, these three scientific research forces in the province each perform their duties in the fresh corn chain and jointly contribute to the fresh corn industry in Anhui Province. Anhui University of Science and Technology mainly carries out hybrid breeding mainly glutinous corn; Anhui Agricultural University conducts research on variety selection and comprehensive utilization of corn resources; Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences conducts research on fresh corn planting and processing technology and industrialization comprehensive development.
Now, in the fresh corn planting in Anhui, sweet corn is mainly grown in Xiantian No. 5, Jinzhongyu, Xiawang, Antian 210, Yuetian No. 16, Yuetian No. 27, Green Superman, Guangtian No. 5, etc.; glutinous corn is mainly grown in Su Yunuo No. 5, Su Yunuo No. 11, Jingke Nuo No. 2000, Wannuo 2000, Fengnuo 2146, Antian 5, etc.; sweet and glutinous corn varieties are mainly Caitian 6, etc.
area has steadily increased, and the base planting
variety is the core. Backed by the constantly optimized fresh corn varieties, the planting area of fresh corn in Anhui Province has maintained a steady and increasing development trend. The development bases mainly include Wuhu , Bengbu , Suzhou , Bozhou , Fuyang , Anqing , Anqing , Chizhou , Huangshan, etc. According to Li Nengshuan, the head of Xinyuan Village, Baitu Town, Wuwei County, 70% of the 4,700 acres of arable land in the village are now replaced by spring corn, and summer corn is then planted later. In addition, Wang Shiji also mentioned, "Now, the number of wheat sarcoids in south of the Huai River has increased. Coupled with the adjustment of the planting structure, the wheat planting area has been greatly reduced. There are more idle fields in winter, and the fields used to grow fresh corn naturally have increased ."
Under the environment of the integration of the first, second and third industries, the total promotion area of the province has exceeded 2 million mu; in the Jiangnan areas such as Chaohu, Anqing, Wuhu, Chizhou, and Huangshan in Anhui Province, the total promotion area has exceeded 1.6 million mu. "Fresh corn in Anhui Province is circulated all over the country and Southeast Asia." Deng Jiacai said.
"The planting area of fresh corn in Anhui is increasing year by year, but it is still mainly based on decentralized planting at one household." Yu Haibing said, "Now, various large-scale planting models are slowly emerging." In Wuwei County, the main production area of fresh corn in Anhui, relatively large-scale production and operation can be achieved. In the production area, there are many cooperatives such as Anhui Wuwei County Caiyun Agricultural Product Production and Sales Professional Cooperative, which mainly operates by the cooperative in the form of "seeding" + "acquisition", providing one-stop services from seed selection, planting management to sales. "The base is matched according to the variety of market demand, and farmers' planting standards are guaranteed," said Deng Jiacai.
In addition, models such as city surrounding markets + farmers, tourist attractions + farmers... are also slowly emerging. From new varieties to new models to exploration, Anhui Province’s fresh corn industry can bring new surprises at every stage.
is on the market and has many difficulties in the development of the industry
With the continuous development of the fresh corn industry in Anhui Province, the planting area has expanded year by year, and many contradictions in the industry have gradually emerged. "There is a big problem now that seasonal listings are crowded. The planting time is unreasonable, the listing season is uneven, and the market embarrassing situations of 'peak seasons are rotten and the off-season is interrupted' occur from time to time." Deng Jiacai pointed out.
It is understood that the harvest and market time of fresh corn in Anhui Province is concentrated from early June to mid-August. During this period, it is mainly supplied by Hainan, Guangdong, Yunnan and other places. During the peak market period, there is often a "roller coaster" phenomenon. Nie Weibao, head of the maintenance and vegetable wholesale department of Zhougudui Agricultural Products Wholesale Market in Hefei, told reporters that the purchase price of fresh corn can reach 2.7-2.9 yuan/jin around May this year, and when local fresh corn is on the market in June, the price will drop. "Although sales don't need to worry about, the price in the peak season is too low, and we trade at a loss every day," said Nie Weibao.
fresh fruit ears are cheap when they are on the market, and the depth of extension of the industrial chain and the degree of industrial integration are insufficient, resulting in the problem of "high yields but no bumper harvests, no bumper harvests but no added value" among local growers. "Now, the entire industrial chain in Anhui Province has not yet formed a scale, and the degree of standardization is generally low." Wang Shiji said. These are the bottlenecks in the rapid development of the fresh corn industry in Anhui Province.
reporters found that the yield and quality of fresh corn in Anhui Province have been greatly improved, but the preservation and processing of sweet and glutinous corn is relatively lagging, which is mainly attributed to the lack of leading industrial enterprises specializing in fresh corn processing. Most of the processed products in the province are purchased and processed by enterprises engaged in vegetable and meat processing, and there is no professional and technical guarantee. "The processed products sold on the market now mainly come from Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Jilin and other places." Deng Jiacai said.
At the same time, enterprises adjust the purchase volume at any time according to their own development and market conditions, or conduct price-lowering purchases, so that farmers' planting benefits will not be guaranteed; on the contrary, farmers will also decide on sales methods based on market conditions, resulting in the purchase and processing of fresh corn without raw materials, and the resource utilization and processing capabilities are low.
In addition, the supporting technologies for high-yield and efficient green cultivation are not yet mature and difficult to promote in production, lack of unified standards for disease and pest control, and lack of supervision on the use of pesticides, resulting in the low commodity quality and safety of its fresh bars. Some farmers still adopt extensive methods to grow fresh corn, which has also affected the yield, quality and benefits of fresh corn.
[Author] Ke Yueying
[Source] Southern Media Group Southern + Client Southern Rural News
