Beijing News sports news department.
"Practicing martial arts is the same as being a human being. The principle of boxing is the principle of being a human being." Wu Style Tai Chi (Beijing School) 4th generation successor, 81-year-old Zhang Quanliang recently said in an exclusive interview with a reporter from the Beijing News that Tai Chi "its big and has no outside, but it has no inside (the classic " Lushi Chunqiu ", which means that it is as big as everything, as small as small as small)". It is not only a movement of one punch and one kick, but also teaches you how to be a human being.
As a Tai Chi school that was born and raised in Beijing, Wu style Tai Chi has a deep mass base in Beijing. For more than a hundred years, famous Wu-style Tai Chi masters such as Wu Jianquan , Wang Maozhai , Yang Yuting , Wang Peisheng , and Zhang Quanliang have taught and solved doubts from generation to generation, and have adhered to this treasure of Chinese traditional martial arts . When talking about the inheritance and innovation of Tai Chi, Zhang Quanliang said that this is like cultivating seeds. Generations must be serious and constantly purified and strengthened.
81-year-old Zhang Quanliang is the fourth generation descendant of Wu Style Tai Chi (Beijing School). Photo by Wang Fei, reporter of Beijing News
Learn boxing
, ride a bike to and from 40 kilometers to listen to the class,
"I'm sorry to come late, I forgot to get my phone, and I went home halfway." One day in late June, when I met with a reporter from the Beijing News at the interview site, Zhang Quanliang was not like an old man over 80 years old. He jumped off his bicycle quickly and said sorry.
Zhang Quanliang has maintained the habit of riding a bicycle for most of his life. In his early years, Zhang Quanliang persisted in cycling twice a week from Daxing Construction Engineering Corporation to Xicheng District Youth Palace.
In the 1970s, in order to learn martial arts from Mr. Wang Peisheng, a famous Wu-style Tai Chi master, Zhang Quanliang, who lives in Daxing, would ride his bike to the Xicheng Youth Palace to attend classes two nights a week. "In that era, it was not easy to learn something."
Zhang Quanliang, born in 1941, practiced martial arts since he was a child. In the 1960s, he followed his senior brother and Mr. Zhang Xuchu to learn Tai Chi, Bajiquan, Piguaquan, , etc. In 1974, he learned to practice Bajizhong under the Baguazhang , and Li Ziming . Once, Zhang Quanliang was poisoned by pesticides while mixing cotton seeds and stayed in the hospital for more than 70 days. After being discharged from the hospital, Zhang Xuchu took Zhang Quanliang to practice the twenty-four Tai Chi styles, the five-star hammer, etc., and then introduced him to the Master Shu and the famous Wu-style Tai Chi master Wang Peisheng.
At that time, Wang Peisheng taught at the Children's Palace in Xicheng District two nights a week. At first, Zhang Quanliang chose to take the bus, but later found that he couldn't catch the last bus after class, so he had to ride a bicycle to and from. "It's past 9 o'clock after class. The brothers and sisters will be able to talk for a while and it's almost 11 o'clock. When they get home, it's usually past 12 o'clock."
From Daxing to Xicheng Youth Palace, more than 20 kilometers in one way, and Zhang Quanliang had to ride on it for more than 4 hours each time. "Later, the road was familiar, so I went to the alley from Guohua Shopping Mall. (one way) to get there in more than 1 hour."
Zhang Quanliang practiced the pusher with his master Wang Peisheng (right). Photo provided by the interviewee
At first, when riding a bicycle by Niujie , Zhang Quanliang would eat a bowl of Korean cold noodles , "It costs 2 cents a bowl, but after eating it a few times, I couldn't bear it. At that time, my monthly salary was only more than 30 yuan." Later, before each class, Zhang Quanliang would buy two steamed buns and a plate of pickles in the unit canteen, and after returning home, he would use hot water as a midnight snack. Every morning at 5 o'clock, Zhang Quanliang gets up on time to practice, so as not to keep up with the teacher teaching the new lesson.
In 1985, Zhang Quanliang officially became a disciple of Wang Peisheng, systematically learning Wu style Tai Chi, equipment, pushing hands, small exercises, etc. "The two mentors (Li Ziming and Wang Peisheng) are very good to me, saying that I have the longest journey, the most hardworking, and the spirit of enlightenment. They have taught me a lot without reservation."
Zhang Quanliang has been practicing martial arts since he was a child. He knows that there are not many people who truly make a living by martial arts. Teacher Wang Peisheng is one of the few, "Martial arts is his life, and in the eyes of martial artists, there is nothing more important than martial arts."After being wrongly imprisoned during a special period, Wang Peisheng spent the martial arts he had learned before, especially Wu-style Tai Chi moves, in his mind, which not only improved his memory, but also learned a lot from it. After a few years, he not only did not lose his skills, but he further enlightened his wisdom. After being released from prison, Wang Peisheng organized and summarized what he thought and gained from prison one by one, and began a teaching journey of combining martial arts, physical and practical peers, enlightenment and educating people, and practicing both civil and military.
In Master Wang Peisheng, Zhang Quanliang saw tenacity and learned the learning method of practicing both physical and brain and concentrating on his mind. "The master always said that the things that predecessors exchanged for their lives and blood cannot be lost to me. "Zhang Quanliang said that learning traditional martial arts requires you to work hard like Mr. Wang Peisheng, not afraid of difficulties or setbacks. "Practicing martial arts is the same as being a human being. The principles of boxing are the principles of things, and the principles of being a human being. "
Zhang Quanliang believes that the traditional teaching methods of Tai Chi should keep pace with the times. Photo by Wang Fei, Beijing News reporter
Teaching boxing
"Once you collect money, the taste will change."
After retirement in 2001, Zhang Quanliang focused on the promotion of Wu style Tai Chi. "Although Wu style Tai Chi originated in Daxing, Beijing, it is difficult to see in Daxing after 1949. "In 2005, Zhang Quanliang founded the Mingshengliang Martial Arts Research Association. So far, there are 32 different names of teaching units and more than 100 tutoring stations across the country. The number of practitioners in Daxing area alone has grown from dozens of people to more than 100,000, and at home and abroad to more than 100,000. During this period, Wu-style Tai Chi has successively won the title of municipal and national human intangible cultural heritage.
for 70 years of martial arts practice, Zhang Quanliang said that as a symbol of Chinese traditional culture , Tai Chi is a good fitness event, which does not hurt people or harm harmony, and has the effect of enlightenment and enlightenment. "Tai Chi is not only a punch-and-pin exercise, but also teaches you how to be a human being. It has no outside, and its small has no inside. It can be said that its cultural connotation is very rich and its extension is infinitely broad. "
At present, Tai Chi practitioners are mostly traditional and modern. One way is mainly folk practice traditional routines, and the other is mainly the competition routines promoted by the official. In Zhang Quanliang's view, compared with Chen style Tai Chi and Yang style Tai Chi, Wu style Tai Chi is relatively difficult to practice. Its movements are more delicate and focus on the cultivation of spirit. In addition, in the past, it was more conservative and unwilling to be spread. The number of people practicing is less than other schools. It has been slightly better in recent years and the situation has also developed.
has been devoted to popularizing and promoting Tai Chi for decades. Zhang Quanliang admitted that most Tai Chi practitioners nowadays mainly focus on competition routines, and there are still a few people who pursue tradition and masters, which leads to many people who think that Tai Chi is It is the pusher. Zhang Quanliang introduced that traditional Tai Chi has six skills: "point, beat, hold, hit, throw, throw, and unload". It requires practicing acupoints, hitting, grab , unloading bones, etc., but now many things are no longer passed on or practiced.
talked about the development of traditional martial arts, Zhang Quanliang said that first of all, relevant state departments should pay attention to it, and treat the spread and development of modern martial arts equally. In addition, the traditional teaching methods of Tai Chi should keep pace with the times, and they should carefully summarize and absorb teaching methods of modern martial arts and external fighting techniques. The teaching methods have changed, and the idea of fame and fortune must also be changed. Before
, Zhang Quanliang's teaching was mostly public welfare, and he never charges money to teach boxing, "But now some students do not practice seriously, and they will not practice with you if they do not charge money. But once you collect money, you pursue fame and fortune, the taste will change. "Zhang Quanliang said that traditional martial arts are like cultivating seeds. Generations must be serious and constantly purified and strengthened to continue to grow and grow.
Zhang Quanliang practices with his daughter to promoters. Beijing News reporter Wang Fei Photo
scale
At least 100,000 people in Beijing practice Tai Chi
, Executive Vice President and Secretary-General of Beijing Wushu Sports Association and Vice President of Beijing Shichahai Sports School, introduced that Beijing's Tai Chi was originally practiced and spread with Chen-style Tai Chi as the main school. During this period, it has been inherited and developed by several generations, and has also been derived from Yang style, Wu style, Wu style, Sun style, Li style and other schools, presenting a trend of controversy among hundreds of schools. Among them, Wu style Tai Chi and Sun style Tai Chi can be said to be a school that was born and raised in Beijing.
The founder of Wu style Tai Chi is Quanyou . He once practiced martial arts with Yang Luchan and Yang Banhou . But what really made Wu style Tai Chi shape was Wu Jianquan, the son of Quanyou and his eldest disciple Wang Maozhai. At the end of 1912, martial artist Xu Yusheng initiated the establishment of the Peking Sports Research Society in Picai Hutong . This is the earliest martial arts teaching and promotion research organization established in Beijing in modern history. During this period, Wu Jianquan was invited by Xu Yusheng to teach with famous artists such as Sun Lutang (founder of Sun Style Tai Chi), Yang Chengfu (sun Yang Luchan), and Tai Chi began to enter the society and the public.
According to Zhang Quanliang, after Quanyou passed away in 1902, Wu Jianquan and Wang Maozhai practiced hard for more than ten years, summarizing and absorbing the characteristics of other schools of Tai Chi, changing some of the previous big opening and closing and jumping movements into a round, clever, central and comfortable, clicking, holding, falling, hair removal, etc., "There is a small posture, but the fitness and martial arts are stronger than before."
1924, Wang Maozhai's disciple Yang Yuting wrote a " Tai Chi Teaching Lecture Notes ", officially recording the Wu-style Tai Chi moves. In 1928, Wu Jianquan and his family went to Shanghai, and Wang Maozhai stayed in Beijing. Since then, the story of "King of Southern Wu and Northern" has been left behind in the history of Wu-style Tai Chi.
There are many schools in the history of Tai Chi development, and the various schools have a relationship of mutual reference and inheritance. It is precisely because of the blooming flowers that Tai Chi has become one of the most vital pieces of the Chinese martial arts boxing.
" Qi Baishi Mr. Qi Baishi said, 'Those who learn from me live, and those who are like me die'. It is not that everything is perfect like Qi Baishi. It is the most important to draw your own style on this basis." In Zhang Quanliang's view, martial artists are like bees collecting honey, learning the strengths of hundreds of schools of thought, and then summarizing and summarizing to form a unique style. This period has not been successful for decades.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Tai Chi has developed rapidly in Beijing. Nowadays, enthusiasts who practice Tai Chi can be seen everywhere in the park. According to Lu Xuefeng, the Beijing Wushu Association has professional committees of various schools of Tai Chi, through which they set up their respective counseling sites and centers to carry out popularization and promotion of Tai Chi.
"The Chen Style Tai Chi Professional Committee has a total of 58 tutoring sites across the city, and there are more than 50 Wu Style Tai Chi counseling sites." Lu Xuefeng introduced that the current Tai Chi in Beijing is mainly mainly Chen Style, Wu Style and Yang Style. It is conservatively estimated that at least 100,000 people have practiced Tai Chi for a long time.
1985, Zhang Quanliang (first on the left in the back row) officially became a disciple of Wang Peisheng (middle on the front row). Photo provided by the interviewee
inheritance
"Tai Chi is not an exercise for the elderly"
For a while, Zhang Quanliang was worried that traditional martial arts would one day "people will die in martial arts". He said that traditional martial arts are like a big pot of meat, the meat is fragrant and the soup is beautiful. If you take a lien , I take a scoop, but no one wants to add some meat or soup to the pot. "In the end, this pot of meat may be gone."
cannot change the status quo, so Zhang Quanliang started by changing himself. Over the years, he has been adhering to the ancestral teachings and carefully teaching Tai Chi. "We have a patriotism. Since we have followed this path, we must do our best to promote it." Fortunately, Zhang Quanliang has met many responsible and responsible disciples over the years. More and more young people have begun to learn and inherit Wu-style Tai Chi, and 26-year-old Zhang Zhen is one of them.
Zhang Zhen is currently studying for a doctorate at Tsinghua University . His father has been a disciple of Zhang Quanliang since he was a teenager. Through his experiences, Zhang Zhen has practiced martial arts with his father, uncle and uncle since childhood, and naturally embarked on the path of traditional martial arts. During college, Zhang Zhen entered the Capital Sports College to study martial arts and national traditional sports majors.
In the eyes of many young people, Tai Chi is like an elderly sport. Zhang Zhen smiled and said that this is because they do not understand traditional sports. "Tai Chi cannot be equated with the elderly's sports in terms of its connotation or actual practice." Zhang Zhen said that it is not difficult to get started with Tai Chi. There are ten and twenty-four poses suitable for public practice, but as long as you go deep into it, you will find that it is not an elderly exercise, nor is it an aerobics . It has many Chinese aesthetic connotations.
Around Zhang Zhen, there are many young people of similar age practicing Tai Chi, and everyone practices very well. "I think people who choose Tai Chi or Chinese martial arts like Chinese traditional culture and philosophy, and there are many philosophy in it, which is particularly interesting." Until now, Zhang Zhen still remembers a sentence that his predecessors often say, "The ancients spent their entire lives hard, and it was difficult to fulfill their mystery."
Zhang Zhen said that the culture and philosophy behind Tai Chi should be understood through physical practice, which will invisibly affect people's way of thinking and perspective on problems. "I have been a more 'monkey' girl since I was a child, and I can't sit still at all. After practicing Tai Chi, my whole body calmed down from the inside out." When practicing Tai Chi, Zhang Zhen would associate herself with the vigorous nature, and her mind and demeanor would be invisibly magnified. This has a great impact on her personal personality and life, allowing her to always maintain a calm mind when facing anything, and will not be able to think about it even when encountering difficult things.
Following the seniors to practice martial arts for more than ten years, Zhang Zhen saw persistence in them and a positive attitude towards life. "They have been immersed in it all their lives, treating martial arts as the ultimate support of life, constantly improving and deepening, which also makes them very positive and sunny people in life."
Chief Reporter of the Beijing News Sun Haiguang
Editor Wang Chunqiu
Proofreading Wang Xin
