"Girls aged 9 to 14 should be injected with the HPV vaccine , so that they can play their greatest role." April 25 is the 36th "National Children's Vaccination Day" in my country. The theme of this year's publicity is "Timely vaccination to ensure life and health." In response, provincial and municipal gynecological oncology experts and gynecological care doctors from maternal and child health hospitals called out: "Vaccination is the easiest, economical and effective means to fight infectious diseases at present. If you have a 'little cotton jacket' at home, you will get HPV vaccine as soon as possible, which will benefit a lot!"
The earlier a girl is, the better the better
1 cervical cancer is a major killer that causes female death. From a global perspective, the incidence of cervical cancer is second only to breast cancer . In 2020 alone, about 600,000 women worldwide were diagnosed with cervical cancer, and 340,000 women died. From the perspective of my country, there were nearly 110,000 new cases of cervical cancer in 2019 alone, and more than 50,000 deaths, accounting for 1/5 of the world. This means that every 10 minutes, 1 Chinese woman loses her life due to cervical cancer.
According to Tian Xiaofei, director of the Department of Gynecology of Shaanxi Cancer Hospital, HPV is human papillomavirus , with about 200 types, of which about 30 cause reproductive organ infection and other diseases. The primary factor in cervical cancer is the persistent infection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), among which HPV-16 and HPV-18 are at the highest risk of cancer induced. Usually, 80% to 90% of women will be infected with HPV throughout their lives, and most of them are low-risk types and can be automatically removed. Continuous infection of high-risk HPV may cause cancer. Vaccination with HPV vaccine is the most effective and irreplaceable primary prevention strategy for cervical cancer.
Why is the earlier a girl gets the HPV vaccine, the better? Tian Xiaofei said that with the development of the times, the younger age of adolescent sexual behavior has become a global phenomenon. According to a large-scale epidemiological study, the age of first sexual behavior in Chinese women is showing a tendency toward younger age, and the proportion of sexual behavior after the age of 15 has increased rapidly. Sexual behavior is the window for the transmission of HPV virus, which mainly spreads rapidly through sexual behavior. Since the existing HPV vaccine is a preventive vaccine, it can only effectively prevent unoccupied infections and cannot eliminate existing infections or treat HPV-related diseases. Therefore, if you receive HPV vaccine before the first sexual activity, you can block HPV transmission to the greatest extent. At present, the main target age group recommended for for is girls aged 9 to 14. Because only at this age can you start injecting HPV vaccines to maximize your effectiveness and get the greatest protection.
The quadrivalent and divalent HPV vaccines have the same efficacy
"At present, the most troublesome problem is that it is impossible to get an HPV vaccine at all, and some people even wait from nine-valent to quadrivalent, but they still can't get an approximate." Tian Xiaofei said that the bivalent HPV vaccine is mainly for prevention of HPV types 16 and 18 types. Domestic bivalent HPV vaccines also prevent persistent infection caused by HPV types 16 and 18 on this basis. It is suitable for women aged 9-45. Girls aged 9-14 will receive 2 shots for 0-6 months, and women aged 15-45 will receive 3 shots for 0-1-6 months. Girls aged 9-14 can get two shots in 0-6 months to achieve the preventive effect of 3 shots in adults. In terms of preventing cervical cancer, quadrivalents and divalents are actually comparable, and both can prevent 84.5% of cervical cancer. Due to the low awareness and insufficient awareness, many female friends blindly choose quadrivalent vaccines, which is a situation where "it is difficult to find a vaccine".
"In addition, some female patients are reluctant to spend money to get HPV vaccines themselves. If they are infected, they would rather take medicine to survive than get vaccinated. We have been using science over and over again to popularize the interests of preventing diseases than treating diseases." Tian Xiaofei said that at present, HPV vaccines are basically concentrated in various community health centers and health centers. She suggested that HPV vaccination can be placed in hospitals in the future, so that it is easier to observe treatment and rehabilitation, doctors can grasp the situation in the whole process, and the patient's awareness and vaccine penetration rate will also increase accordingly.
Our city implements the HPV vaccination plan for 13-year-old female students
"Different HPV vaccines are suitable for different ages, among which the bivalent HPV vaccine has the widest range of age, mainly for women aged 9-45. The age of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine is 20-45. The age of the nine-valent HPV vaccine is 16-26-year-old women." Wu Xiaohong, Department of Gynecology and Care Hospital of Xi'an Maternal and Child Health Hospital, told reporters that at present, in the prevention and treatment of major women's diseases, the "Plan" clearly states that it is necessary to promote the prevention and treatment of cervical and breast cancer in women, popularize the prevention and control knowledge of women's "two cancers", and encourage areas with conditions to gradually carry out free HPV vaccination for girls of appropriate age, and continuously improve the HPV vaccination rate. Continuously expand the scope of implementation of "two cancers" screening project and strengthen the quality of screening. Xi'an City has launched the implementation plan for the HPV vaccine project for 13-year-old female students in early April. Actively guiding the vaccination of cervical cancer vaccine (HPV vaccine) can effectively prevent cervical cancer, and vigorously popularize the vaccination of adolescent women with adolescents has a clear protective effect.
Wu Xiaohong said that taking advantage of the fact that the child is still young and has not had many opportunities to contact the HPV virus, getting the HPV vaccine in time can protect her in advance and prevent problems before it happens. In addition, after the child is vaccinated, he must stay in the hospital for observation for 20-30 minutes to prevent serious allergic reactions. At the same time, avoid taking a bath within 24 hours to prevent secondary infection. Drink more warm water to promote the excretion of metabolites in the body.
Xi'an Newspaper All-Media Reporter Wang Chao
