Novel coronavirus infection can cause pneumonia vaccines are very important! Influenza virus infection can cause pneumonia vaccines!
You may not know that the most fatal cause of human infection with various viruses may not be the virus itself, but is often secondary to pneumonia caused by bacterial infection
▲What is pneumonia?
Pneumonia is a type of lung infection that can cause cough, fever and difficulty breathing. It is common in infants, the elderly and people with other health problems. It is generally caused by bacteria, viruses and other pathogens. Among them, Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important pathogenic bacteria that causes diseases such as otitis media , pneumonia, bacteremia and meningitis.
▲What is Streptococcus pneumoniae?
Streptococcus pneumoniae, referred to as pneumoniae , is a bacteria with a capsular capsule arranged in pairs or short chains. It is transmitted by droplets and is often colonized in the nasopharynx. Infants and young children are their main hosts. Under normal circumstances, it will stay honestly in the nasopharynx and will not cause people to get sick. However, when the human body's immunity decreases, such as viral infection, malnutrition, old and weak, it will pass through the human body's mucosal defense system, causing various infections such as otitis media, sinusitis, , pneumonia, etc. Therefore, infants, the elderly and people with underlying diseases are the main targets of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
▲How to prevent pneumococcal infection?
of course is Streptococcus pneumonia vaccine (hereinafter referred to as "pneumonia vaccine")
WHO In the classification of diseases that can be prevented by vaccines, Streptococcus pneumonia disease and malaria are designated as diseases that require "extremely high priority" to prevent vaccines. At present, the pneumococcal vaccines approved for marketing in my country mainly include 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) and 13-valent polysaccharide binding vaccine (PCV13). What is the difference between
▲ What is the difference between 13-valent and 23-valent pneumonia vaccines?
The pathogenicity of pneumococcal is related to its serotype, and it contains more than 90 serotypes in total. Smart humans screen several serotypes that are often pathogenic and develop vaccines. Therefore, the "multiplevalent" in the vaccine refers to the "several" serotypes in pneumococcal. It should be noted that compared with the 13-valent vaccine, the 23-valent vaccine can prevent more pneumococcal serotypes, but it is not better if the 23-valent vaccine is. The 23-valent vaccine is a polysaccharide vaccine. Children under 2 years old have a weak immune response to polysaccharide antigens. In other words, the 23-valent vaccine cannot protect them, so , "the one that suits is the best" . 3-valent vaccine is suitable for the elderly and children with special diseases over 2 years old 3-valent vaccine is more suitable for infants and young children under 2 years old 3-valent and 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine compared with
▲How many injections do pneumococcal vaccine need to be given?
3 Valentine Polysaccharide Conjugation Vaccine (PCV13) Currently, the most suitable pneumonia vaccine for infants and young children under 2 years old. The vaccination plan is also different depending on the age of vaccination. See the table below for details:
3 Valentine Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine (PPV23) vaccinated for 1 dose.
▲Pneumonia vaccination site and method?
3 valent polysaccharide binding vaccine (PCV13) intramuscular injection. The first choice for infants at the vaccination site is the anterior and lateral thigh (lateral femoral muscle), and the upper arm deltoid muscle is the infant and children. 3Valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) is injected through the muscles of the deltoid muscles on the lateral upper arm or subcutaneously (preferred intramuscular injection).
▲Pneumococcal vaccine belongs to a first-class vaccine or a second-class vaccine?
pneumococcal vaccine is a non-immune program vaccine in most parts of my country, which is what people often call "class II vaccine", and is voluntary and self-paid vaccination.
▲Does the pneumonia vaccine need to be vaccinated every year?
does not need it. After infants and young children are vaccinated with the 13-valent pneumonia vaccine, they can produce long-lasting protective antibodies in their bodies, which can generally last for more than 5 years or longer. Therefore, healthy children do not need to receive the 23-valent or multiple 13-valent pneumonia vaccine after receiving the 4 13-valent pneumonia vaccine. Children with chronic diseases can receive another 23-valent pneumonia vaccine after receiving the 13-valent pneumonia vaccine, which can expand the immunity range. Please note that there is at least 8 weeks between the last 13-valent vaccine. It is generally recommended that people with immunosuppression (such as high-risk children >65 years old and ≥2 years old) be re-emission to the 23-valent pneumonia vaccine, which requires more than 5 years of interval.
▲After receiving the pneumonia vaccine, will you not be infected by pneumonia cocci?
NOAbove mentioned that pneumococcal contains more than 90 serotypes, and the pneumonia vaccine cannot cover all serotypes, but it only contains most serotypes that are prone to infection and serious consequences. Therefore, after vaccination with pneumonia vaccine, it can greatly reduce the risk of pneumococcal disease in infants, young children, the elderly and high-risk infections.
▲I have had pneumonia, so don’t you need to get the pneumonia vaccine?
NOpneumonia is not necessarily caused by pneumococcal. Even if it is caused by pneumococcal, pneumococcal contains more than 90 serotypes. First, it is unclear which serotype was infected before. Second, it is only immune to one serotype after infection and still has no immunity to other serotypes. Therefore, it is still recommended to get vaccinated for babies under 5 years old, elderly people >65 years old and people at high risk of infection.
▲Who are the people at high risk of infection?
Chronic liver disease, cirrhosis Chronic heart disease, chronic lung disease, including COPD , emphysema , and 19-year-old patients with asthma have had diabetes cochlear html html html html diabetic cochlear html html 2. Infiltration or waiting for this surgery. Cerebrospinal fluid leakage. Spleen function defects or spleen resection immune insufficiency (such as HIV infection, leukemia , congenital immunodeficiency, receiving immunosuppressive treatment, etc.) Organ or bone marrow transplantation. Chronic renal failure or nephrotic syndrome. Smokers and alcoholics. 19 years old and older.
▲What are the contraindications for vaccination of pneumonia vaccines?
. Allergic to any component in the vaccine, pneumonia vaccine is not recommended; 2. For moderate or severe acute diseases, whether fever is caused or not, vaccination should be cautious. If necessary, vaccination can be postponed until recovery is completed.
▲Is there any side effects of vaccination with pneumonia vaccine? has, usually mild. After vaccination, loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, myalgia, rash may occur, and side effects such as slight redness, swelling, tenderness, etc. may occur at the vaccination site. It is best to observe on site for 30 minutes after vaccination before leaving
