Flu season, do you choose autumn pants or vaccine?
Yesterday, Beijing began to receive flu vaccines for primary and secondary school students for free!
Recalling last year, the situation of "it's hard to find" was hard to find, we have to take action this year.
We have prepared
Although, most flus have self-limiting nature, many people just need to "drink more hot water" and rest. But for the elderly, young children, pregnant women and patients with chronic underlying diseases, it is not easy to get through the flu season smoothly - Influenza virus is small, but the flu should not be underestimated!
1. Why should I get the flu vaccine?
Influenza is not common cold . There are millions of influenza deaths worldwide every year, especially the elderly, children or people with poor resistance, which are particularly affected.
Infants and young children and the elderly often suffer from influenza, especially when they cause pneumonia. About 1/4 of the pediatric cases hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infection are caused by influenza virus.
The elderly often lack the initial symptoms and are easily overlooked. It is found that pneumonia is often accompanied by critical conditions such as obvious dehydration, acidosis or consciousness disorders.
In addition, their chances of having myocarditis, meningitis or other serious complications after influenza are also much higher than those of ordinary people.
So for specific groups, it is very necessary to get the flu vaccine! About half a month after receiving the flu vaccine, antibodies will be produced in our bodies. This is equivalent to forming an barrier for us. If we encounter a large-scale invasion of influenza virus, this barrier - the influenza vaccine will quickly start and produce a large number of antibodies and exert the role of anti-influenza viruses, thereby achieving the effect of killing the virus and resisting the flu.
2. Why do you have to get the flu vaccine every year?
The reason is very simple, there are two following:
First, the flu virus is constantly changing.
The virus is not stupid. I know that you have developed a vaccine against it, and they will upgrade it to version 2.0 the next year. The vaccine you received last year will naturally be useless for it!
Second, after being vaccinated with influenza vaccine, the immunity obtained by people will decay over time.
After receiving the influenza vaccine, the serum antibody level in the human body reaches its peak for 4 to 6 weeks, but with time, age, physical condition and other reasons, the immunity brought by the vaccine will gradually decrease. Clinical trial evidence suggests that the protective effect of inactivated influenza vaccine on antigen-like strains can last for 6 to 8 months.
So, the latest flu vaccine needs to be vaccinated every year is the correct way to open it!
3. Then will you not get the flu after getting the flu vaccine?
cannot be guaranteed.
vaccination does not guarantee 100% avoidance of influenza, but as the most effective prevention method at present, it can greatly reduce the chance of influenza. Even if you are unfortunately caught, it can reduce the symptoms after the disease and reduce the chance of severe illness.
4. Who needs to get the flu vaccine?
In principle, all people who are older than 6 months old who are willing to get vaccinated and have no contraindications should be vaccinated.
However, it must be formally and solemnly emphasized that if you belong to or have the following seven types of people around you, we strongly recommend that you should go to vaccination!
1) Infants and toddlers aged 6 to 23 months;
2) Children aged 2 to 5 years old;
3) Elderly aged 60 and above;
4) Patients with specific chronic diseases: patients with cardiovascular disease (except for simple hypertension), chronic respiratory diseases, liver and renal insufficiency, hematologic diseases, neurological diseases, neuromuscular dysfunction, metabolic diseases (including diabetes), and other chronic diseases, immunosuppressive diseases or immunocompromised diseases;
5) Medical staff;
6) Family members and caregivers of babies under 6 months of age;
7) Pregnant women or women preparing to get pregnant during the flu season.
However, if there are the following situations, you cannot get the flu vaccine!
1) Those who are allergic to any ingredients contained in the vaccine (including excipients, formaldehyde, lysing agents and antibiotics);
2) Those with mild and moderate acute diseases with or without fever symptoms are recommended to be vaccinated after the symptoms subside;
3) It is not a contraindication to develop Green-Barre syndrome within 6 weeks after the last influenza vaccine, but special attention should be paid.
In addition, egg allergy is not a taboo for influenza vaccines.
5. How to get the flu vaccine?
According to the release of the "Technical Guidelines for the Prevention of Influenza Vaccine in China (2018-2019)" last year, there are currently two types of influenza vaccines in my country, including trivalent and tetravalent. How to choose?
1) Trivalent vaccine can be used for vaccination in people aged ≥6 months;
0.25ml dosage form contains 7.5ug of hemagglutinin in each component, suitable for infants and young children aged 6 to 35 months;
0.5ml dosage form contains 15ug of hemagglutinin in each component, suitable for people aged ≥36 months or above.
2) Quadrivalent vaccine can be used for vaccination in people aged ≥36 months. It is a 0.5ml dosage form and contains 15ug of hemagglutinin in each component.
For people who can receive vaccine products from different types and different manufacturers, they can voluntarily receive any influenza vaccine, and there is no priority recommendation.
Specific vaccination doses:
1) Children aged 6 months to 8 years old:
Children aged 6 months to 8 years old should receive two doses, with an interval of ≥4 weeks; children who have received one or more influenza vaccines in 2017 to 2018 or before are recommended to receive one dose.
2) Children and adults aged 9 and above:
only needs to be vaccinated with 1 dose.
Influenza vaccination doses for each age group
6. Are there any side effects of influenza vaccines?
As long as it is a regular influenza vaccine, the probability of adverse reactions after vaccination is very low, and the symptoms are usually short-term and mild. Therefore, you can take the elderly and children at home with confidence and get a fight by yourself.
Epidemic prevention stations at all levels, Community Health Service Center can directly purchase vaccines, and it can be packaged!
The following are possible adverse reactions:
① Local reactions: redness, swelling and pain at the injection site, which usually relieves itself in 2 to 3 days!
② Transient fever: A few people will experience low fever reactions, and their body temperature will not exceed 38℃;
③ Allergic reactions: Some people with allergic constitutions may have allergic reactions, such as rashes, allergic purple cervix, etc., and very rarely have serious allergic reactions.
7. When is the most suitable time to get the flu vaccine?
influenza vaccine is adjusted every year based on the influenza viruses that have occurred this year. Vaccines containing the latest virus strain will be provided for use at the end of summer. In addition, according to the "Guidelines for the Prevention of Influenza Vaccination in China", influenza vaccines 1 to 2 months before the peak of the influenza epidemic, it can more effectively play the protective role of the vaccine.
So, September and October are the best time to get vaccinated every year!
You can now pay attention to the supply of influenza vaccines in the local CDC. The "Technical Guidelines for Influenza Vaccination in China (2018-2019)" recommends everyone:
1) Arrange vaccination work as soon as possible, and it is best to complete vaccination before the end of October;
2) For those who have not been vaccinated before the end of October, the entire epidemic season can be vaccinated;
3) Pregnant women can receive influenza vaccines at any stage of their pregnancy. It is recommended that as long as the influenza vaccine is supplied this year, they can be vaccinated as soon as possible.
8.How to distinguish between flu and cold?
1) Look at the symptoms
The systemic symptoms of influenza are heavier than the common cold. For example, in addition to running nose and coughing, they will also suddenly develop fever (often high temperature, which may reach 39~40℃), muscle aches, fatigue, brain pain, etc.;
If you are a baby who can’t speak, while having high fever, you will show wiltness, loss of appetite, crying and irritability without obvious local symptoms, you should also consider influenza.
2) Go to the hospital to check
If you think the above symptoms are a bit unreal, then go to the hospital to see a doctor, draw a blood test, and check the flu virus, so that you can be sure whether you have suffered from the flu!
Patients with confirmed influenza diagnosis should start treatment with anti-influenza virus drugs (neuraminidase inhibitor - oseltamivir) as early as possible within 36 or 48 hours of onset.
So if you think your or your family’s cold is steep and cruel, and you highly suspect it is influenza, it is best to send it to the hospital as soon as possible, and don’t rely on everyone in the circle of friends to be barefoot doctors to use medicine randomly. The legendary antiviral powders, isatis root and other magical drugs, as well as antibiotics such as mycin and floxacin are useless.
9. In addition to getting vaccinated, what other measures can be used to prevent influenza?
Question 1. Can smoke vinegar on the roof kill bacteria and prevent influenza?
Answer: Very unreliable.
The statement that smoked vinegar can prevent influenza is without scientific basis.
Although the acidic environment can inhibit the growth of viruses and bacteria, it also requires the virus to be soaked in acetic acid, and it needs to reach a certain concentration.
Think about it, the concentration of vinegar we usually eat and the acid molecules emitted in the air after heating is far from the concentration standard for disinfection. What’s more serious is that fumigation vinegar not only fails to achieve the effect of sterilization and disinfection, but also causes harm to the body.
Close the window at the front of the house and stuffy the sour smell is very irritating to the human respiratory tract! Especially some patients with chronic bronchitis and bronchial asthma may cause the condition to worsen, especially the elderly and children, which is a bit unbearable.
So, although vinegar is not expensive, don’t waste it.
Question 2. Can I wear less clothes in autumn and winter and exercise my ability to resist freezing, so it will not be easy to get influenza!
Answer: Well... If you wear less clothes in autumn and winter and don't get sick, then it's not a big problem for you to wear less clothes; but you have been wearing autumn pants since childhood. This year, you suddenly want to exercise yourself and have to wear single-layer breathable nine-point pants, and also expose your feet, neck and neck. Maybe you may be coming to you if you have an influenza or a cold!
But when it comes to kids, you adults are also strange - you often wear Didi Erselves, are so cold that they are wearing skirts with bare legs, and look at the kids holding them in their hands, thermal underwear, wool vests, sweaters, velvet thick coats...wrapped like a bear.Although the child has a poor resistance, the child has a lot of activity. When he moves a little, his sweat will fall off and then blow the wind. Why isn’t he prone to illness?
So it’s better to wear more than you wear than others, depending on your physical condition!
Question 3. Eat more hot pot and mutton soup in cold weather to keep warm. Can it resist the flu?
Answer: You foodies, eat whatever you want! Find so many excuses for the table! snort!
Question 4. Then, how can you fight against the flu besides getting vaccinated?
Answer: 1) Try not to go to places where there are crowded and air is not circulating during the flu epidemic season. If you must go, it is best to wear a mask;
2) Strengthen exercise to enhance your immunity;
3) Wash your hands frequently to ensure good hand hygiene;
4) Ventilate indoors regularly to keep the air circulating;
5) Cover your mouth and nose when you sneeze. Reduce contact with others when you have flu symptoms, and go to the hospital in time!
Finally, let’s summarize
1. Getting influenza vaccine is the most effective way to resist influenza!
2. As long as it is a regular influenza vaccine, the side effects are very small!
3. The flu vaccine is given once a year to be the most effective!
4. First find out if you have influenza or cold, and then use the right medicine!
Autumn pants and vaccines are all ready!
This article was first published: The Medical Pediatric Channel comprehensively compiled from West China Hospital of Sichuan University. "Although you still have to catch a cold after getting the flu vaccine, West China experts still recommend that you have a JU shot every year! 》, "Technical Guidelines for the Prevention of Influenza Vaccine in China (2018-2019)"
Author of this article: Hotpot
Editor: Li Xiaorong
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