As the earliest economic strategist and financial manager in my country, Bai Gui was a famous businessman in the pre-Qin period. He was good at doing business and became the ancestor worshipped by merchants. "Zhu Bai Gui, the one who speaks of life in the world, is the one who governs life." His business management ideas not only had a significant impact on ancient business operations, but also had great theoretical value on modern business .
uses the theory of "agricultural economic cycle" as a guide
Bai Gui attaches great importance to the impact of nature on agriculture. In the pre-Qin period, due to the low productivity level, the abundance of agriculture directly affected people's business activities, and commercial activities were also affected by agriculture. Therefore, Bai Gui realized that commercial operations must study the impact of changes in nature on agriculture, and then master the laws of business economy through changes in agriculture.
"Buying at a low price is the law of business." Bai Gui believes that the key to buying at a low price is to predict the future supply and demand situation and price changes of the commodity, rather than waiting until it has been shown, commercial operations should buy low price goods in advance and then sell at a high price. Therefore, it is crucial to get rich through business, predict business conditions, grasp supply and demand relationships, and price changes.
The abundance of agricultural production determines the supply and demand of market goods, and thus determines the high and low market prices. The cyclical changes in prices are ultimately determined by the abundance of agricultural production. To this end, Bai Gui proposed the "Agricultural Economic Circulation Theory" and used this theory to guide commercial operations.
Bai Gui said: "Taiyin is in Mao and Rang, and the decline is bad in the next year. When Wu and early, the beautiful year is next year. When You and Rang, the decline is bad in the next year. When Zi is early, the beautiful year is next year, and there is water. When Mao is late, the accumulation rate is doubled in the year." This means that Taiyin (i.e. Jupiter) is a great harvest in the hour of Mao, and the decline is bad in the next two years. In the fourth year, the harvest is early in the next two years. In the next two years, the harvest is small, and the harvest is big, and the harvest is big. In business, Bai Gui has better grasped the changes in business conditions based on the law that the quality of the natural climate affects labor productivity and the changes in food prices as time goes by, thus obtaining double the profits every year.
Bai Gui uses Jupiter's position every year to infer the regularity of agricultural harvest and then guides commercial operations. In fact, he masters the changing laws of agricultural production based on the "agricultural economic cycle theory", and predicts changes in commodity supply and demand and price changes through the decisive role of agriculture on the economy, and buys and sells different commodities at low prices at different times, thereby obtaining profits.
Bai Gui's "agricultural economic cycle theory" has important theoretical value for modern business. Although times are different, business has its own economic operation laws that are eternal. Commercial enterprises should constantly explore the connection between modern business and other industries, master the business rules and guide business activities, so as to formulate practical business strategies and marketing strategies and improve economic benefits.
takes "People give me away, others take me, others take me" Business strategy
Bai Gui formulated a business strategy of "People give me, others take me, others take me" based on the guidance of the "Agricultural Economic Cycle Theory". The argument "I will win if someone abandons me, but I will win if someone wins me" is directly absorbed from " Sun Tzu's Art of War ". Sun Wu When discussing military tactics with the King of Wu, he said: When the enemy has occupied favorable terrain, you should not attack rashly, but try to lure the enemy out of the position so that you can attack and eliminate the enemy in the movement. Sun Wu summarized this style of fighting as "I want others to get along with me, but I will take it if others abandon me." Bai Gui directly transplanted this military principle into the commercial field, which formed his own basic idea of business business strategy.
The so-called "take" is to obtain a certain wealth to both parties, that is, the inflow of some economic interests; "and" is to give the other party, the outflow of some wealth to themselves, that is, the outflow of some economic interests. In commercial economic activities, both buyers and sellers cannot unilaterally withdraw or give, but must be subject to the transfer of their own goods or currency. Therefore, to achieve the purpose of taking, we cannot just obtain and not give, but should dialectically unify acquisition and giving.
When using this business strategy specifically, Bai Gui's "people give up, I take it" means that when the supply of goods is oversupply and people are unwilling to care about it, they should take the opportunity to buy it; "people take it, I am the supply of certain commodities stored in their hands is in short supply and prices rise sharply. According to the business strategy of "people give up, I am the one who takes it," Bai Gui adopts the "who is familiar to the year, and I am the one who takes it, and I am the one who gives it to you", and takes it to eat it. ’In other words, Bai Gui bought lower-priced grain in the bumper year and sold higher-priced silk, lacquer, and cocoon; in the bumper year, he sold higher-priced grain and bought lower-priced silk and shovel. When using this business strategy, Bai Gui emphasized that once the market is accurate, the action should be decisive, "The trend is like a beast and a bird of prey." ’Immediately watch the changes in the market, and after aiming at the opportunity, we will take the lead in lightning and taking the lead in the competitors. Because the market changes rapidly, if you are too cautious, you will miss the opportunity.
From the perspective of the theoretical value of business operations, the essence of Bai Gui's idea of "people abandon me, and people take me and others take me" is to give first and then take me. The most fundamental reason why this business strategy can be implemented smoothly in practice is that it is rooted in the market economy, with commodity exchange as the premise, and conforms to the law of supply and demand for market commodities. Under the conditions of the market economy, as long as there is a commodity currency relationship, there is commodity production and commodity exchange, and give first and then take me, and give as the economic idea is valuable, and the economic thoughts of merchants in previous dynasties are also different in the economic thoughts of This idea of giving is reflected in Zigui's degree.
Modern commercial enterprises should learn from Bai Gui's business strategy, correctly handle the relationship between "giving" and "giving", and use honest management as the concept to provide customers with high-quality goods, reasonable prices and thoughtful services, expand the market by improving customer satisfaction, and obtain profits; give employees more favorable rewards in a timely manner, continuously improve incentive mechanisms, and gain competitive advantages by improving employees' loyalty to the company. Only by giving first, giving as acquiring, and cleverly converting "giving" into "giving", can enterprises obtain more profits. At the same time, when formulating business strategies, they should be good at analyzing market conditions, capturing business opportunities, and making business strategies correct, taking decisive and timely actions.
takes "If you want to grow money, take off the valley" as the business principle
Bai Gui does not agree with the business of business by operating expensive goods and asking for high prices to obtain profits. Expensive goods are beyond the ability of ordinary people to purchase. Although the price is high, the sales volume is small; while low-priced goods, although the price is low, the demand is large, and selling in large quantities can obtain more profits.
For this reason, Zi Gui follows the business principle of "wanting to grow money, take off the valley" in business operations. "Slow Valley" is a grain consumed by the general public, with low prices and low unit profits. However, due to large sales, operating this kind of "Slow Valley" can make more profits, and you don't have to raise the price to get huge profits, which is the so-called "Slow Valley", which is the specific application of the principle of small profits but quick turnover in business.
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When Bai Gui is doing business, he purchases in time when the valley is low, without suppressing the price or lowering the price; when the valley is high, he sells in time without selling or raising the price. In the long run, small profits are made with high profits, and the profits are more abundant, and this profit is reasonable. The normal price difference, seasonal price difference or supply and demand difference objectively plays a role in regulating the supply and demand of market goods. Both producers and consumers can obtain actual profits from "taking" and "benefit", which is both selfish and beneficial to others. Bai Gui's "want to grow money and taking off the valley" business principle is also of reference for modern business.
's profitability depends mainly on the speed of commercial capital turnover. Although the price of goods sold by merchants with low profits is lower than that of other merchants, they make more profits due to the rapid turnover of commodity funds. This is exactly the reason why honest businessmen have "respectful business and wealth" for more than two thousand years.
takes "Fourth ranks of business talents" as the standard for employment
Bai Gui draws on the requirements of military history and war on the quality of generals and commanders, and put forward the "Fourth ranks of business talents" for business people, that is, business talents must have the talents and qualities of wisdom, decisiveness, benevolence and righteousness, and strength.He said: "The lack of wisdom and power change, courage is not enough to make decisions, benevolence cannot be given by others, and strong cannot be kept. Even if you want to learn my skills, you will never tell me." This means that if a person does not have the four basic qualities of "wisdom, courage, benevolence and strength", he will not be called a business talent if he cannot learn his skills. When doing business, Bai Gui focuses on selecting, cultivating and using talents based on the "four ranks of business talents" - wisdom, courage, benevolence and strength.
"Smart" means being quick and flexible, which means being "intelligent and conservative". This is the first requirement for business operators. Market competition is ruthless and business conditions are unpredictable. Business operations must be resourceful, good at analyzing market conditions, predicting market changes, and making correct business strategy decisions.
"Courage" means decisive judgment and decisive decisions. You must never miss the opportunity. It means "courage is enough to make decisions" means that businessmen must act boldly and make decisions. Due to the uncertainty of market information, the risks of making profits in business always exist, and the market conditions are changing rapidly, and business operations must be bold and quickly grasp business opportunities. Of course, to make decisions accurate, it is not enough to have courage alone, and you must also have sufficient decision-making ability. Once accurate decisions are made, you must have the courage to implement them resolutely.
"Benevolence" means to take appropriate measures. Don't just compete with others for profit. It means to "benevolence can give", that is, to ask merchants to take advantage of giving. Employees should be given more generous material rewards and spiritual motivation, "can eat less, endure desires, save clothes, and share the joys and sorrows with servants." Return to the work, stimulate their enthusiasm for labor by sharing joys and sorrows with employees, and require users and consumers to correctly handle the relationship, so as to achieve the ability to give, which means that you must be firm in your will, and you must not act rashly when the time is not ripe. That is, you must "be strong and have something to keep", that is, businessmen must have strong will, adhere to their trust, and strictly implement it after the decision-making role, without fear of being difficult to shake, and without seeing other people's thoughts. Only by being strong-willed, honest and trustworthy, and abide by business rules can you achieve victory.
Bai Gui's theory of "four business talents" is of practical significance for modern commercial enterprises to build a people-oriented business philosophy. What enterprises lack the most is talents. In the final analysis, corporate competition is competition for talents. Therefore, business operations should be people-oriented, attach importance to the investment, development and utilization of human capital, learn from Bai Gui's employment standards of "Four Business Talents" to select and cultivate talents, improve the enterprise incentive mechanism, and enhance the enterprise development potential.
Generally speaking, in business operations, Bai Gui learns from the strengths of many schools, especially military strategists, organically combines business skills with business methods, forming a complete business strategy. The business spirit and business rules contained in this strategy have created Bai Gui's position in business history. Bai Gui was regarded as the founder of his industry by later businessmen, and his business ideas were carefully studied by today's operators.
