文| 晓梦阁主
Public Account| Xiaomeng Pavilion Mysterious Cultural View
——Talking about strange things, talking about ancient and modern gods and spirits
and a friend While chatting during the meal, he talked to me about the Japanese surname, which was very curious. Why do Japanese surnames look like double surnames, and they are very casual. What "Tanaka", "Panasonic", "Shanshita", "Eguchi"... all look like geographic locations. Then I laughed and told him that he had seen an article saying that Japan had no surnames long ago. After men and women did certain things in a certain place, the children who were born would use this place as their surname. The name is also derived from the geographical location where people live. Over time, this surname passed down.
Friends laughed after listening, this is too random. Just ask me the Chinese surname? In fact, most of the surnames of people in the world are related to geography. The surnames of Chinese people are more related to the place of origin or fiefdom, and some come from the surnames given by the ancient emperors or the surnames after the sinicization of ethnic minorities. There are too many interesting stories in this. Let’s talk about the eight surnames in ancient China today.
姬姓
Everyone is familiar with this surname. In "The Kingdom of Gods", the Western Zhou Dynasty royal family is Ji's surname, Zhou Wen Wang Jichang , Zhou Wu Wang Jifa. The ancestor of Chinese humanities, Huangdi, was named Ji. Some friends might say, isn’t Huangdi called Xuanyuan Huangdi? In fact, the origin of the surname Ji is related to water.
In ancient times, human civilization is often inseparable from waters. The earliest development of the Yellow Emperor tribal civilization was in Jishui, so the Yellow Emperor’s surname is Ji, and the legend of Xuanyuan is the mythical Tianyu , Tianyuan Hualong, using this as a totem, as a clan is the Xuanyuan clan. There is also a saying that Xuanyuan is actually a wheel, invented and created by Huangdi, so he is called Xuanyuan Huangdi, and the descendants of Huangdi take Xuanyuan as the surname.
Therefore, the surname Ji is also called "the ancestor of ten thousand surnames".
There are many famous characters in the surname Ji, among which the most familiar is Huangdi, who defeated Yandi and conquered Chiyou to dominate China. Among his descendants are Zhuan Xu and Di Yu, one of the five emperors; Ji Chang, Ji Fa, and Zhou Gong (Ji Dan) in the Zhou Dynasty; Ji Chong'er and the magical doctor Bian Que in the Spring and Autumn Period; and Hui Ke, the second ancestor of Zen, etc. Both are surnamed Ji. The surname Ji is a less common surname in modern times.
姜姓
Speaking of the surname Jiang, the first impression is definitely Jiang Ziya. What the folks say most is Jiang Taigong fishing. The Jiang surname comes from another humanistic ancestor-Emperor Yan. The origin of the surname Jiang is also related to water, because Emperor Yan was born in Jiangshui, which is located in the Qingjiang River in the Weibin District of Baoji City.
Someone will ask if Jiang Ziya is a descendant of Emperor Yan, I'm sure to tell you here, it is. In addition, the Yandi lineage is named Jiang. The Yandi lineage has several major clans: Shennong, Gonggong, You Tai, and Lu. Jiang Ziya belongs to the Lu family, named Lu Shang. Therefore, the surname of Lu and Jiang belong to the same family.
When Jiang Ziya assisted King Zhou Wu to complete his crusade, he was sealed in Qi, and many of his descendants used the fief as the surname. Today, Jiang Ziya is the most numerous surname among Chinese Han surnames.
姒姓
This surname has been a very small surname since ancient times. This surname has something to do with women. In ancient times, the Si surname had a very small population, but she was intermarried with Ji and Jiang for a long time. For example, the wife of Zhou Wen Wang Jichang is Tai Si, and Zhou You Wang Bao Si is the surname Si.
But this surname has a Chinese hero, he is Dayu. Because Dayu’s father, Gun’s surname is Si, and Gun’s surname is SiIt was given by Emperor Yao.
There is also a part of Si surname origin fief. At that time, there was a small prince country called Si country. The famous Zhou You Wang Fenghuo opera princes only came from Si country.
is a small surname itself. After thousands of years of changes, this surname has disappeared, replaced by various branch surnames developed by the descendants of Si.
嬴姓
Although this surname is not a big name, everyone knows it. Because once there was a man named Ying who ruled China and opened up new frontiers and actively innovated, laying the foundation for Greater China. He is Ying Zheng!
The origin of the Ying surname is actually relatively simple, the Ying surname is also the surname of the ancient Wang Cifeng. Who gave it? Emperor Shun gave the surname Yu Boyi. This Boyi is the ancestor of Daqin.
But what is interesting is that this Boyi was originally surnamed Ji and was the sixth grandson of the Yellow Emperor. Later, because Bo Yi was good at tame birds and beasts, he was given the surname by Emperor Shun as the winner. There is a record in "Records of the Historian" that "Zuo Shun tamed birds and beasts, and the birds and beasts were tamed, and Shun gave the surname Yingshi". It is said that Boyi specially assisted Emperor Shun to manage Shanze and tame some raptor monsters. Emperor Shun thought he had merit and gave him a surname to win. Since then, Boyi's descendants have been named Ying.
Later descendants were sealed in Qin, so it was also called Win Qin. Later, the dog army killed King Zhou You in rebellion and was destroyed in Western Zhou Dynasty. King Zhou Ping, who had just succeeded to the throne, was forced to move east, and was known as the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. In this process, a person called Yingkai sent troops to escort Zhou Ping Wang Yougong and was named a prince, and he was Qin Xianggong. King Zhou Ping gave him a large area of land in the west, and Qin Xianggong was the ancestor of Qin Shihuang Yingzheng.
Winning surname, this surname is now distributed across the country, but it is relatively scattered, and the number of people is not too large.
妘姓
This surname has now disappeared. The reason is that it was a small surname in ancient times with a small number of people. The cause of the war. However, the branch of the surname is still there, but the surname is no longer 妘.
According to legend, it is related to Zhu Rong, the god of fire. Zhu Rong is a descendant of Zhuanxu, and Zhuanxu is a descendant of Huangdi, so this surname belongs to the Huangdi lineage.
妫姓
Unfortunately, this surname has also disappeared. The origin of the surname is also related to water. In ancient times, the people of the surname were all descendants of Emperor Shun. It is recorded in the "Historical Records" that Emperor Shun lived near the Gui River since he was a child. Later, Emperor Yao took two of his own The daughter, Ehuang and Nuying married Shun. Shun took his two wives to live on the Gui River—the Gui River, and later Emperor Yao gave it to Emperor Shun. And Shun's descendants took the river near where their ancestors lived as their surnames, and they were Guishi.
姚名
The Yao family name has been passed down to this day. It is very interesting that the surname Yao and the surname are of the same origin, and both originated from Emperor Shun.
"The surname is Yao because of the birth of Yaoxu, and the surname is 妫 because of the residence of the water." What does it mean? It was Emperor Shun who was born in Yaodi and grew up in Guihe. I need to explain here that Emperor Shun’s mother gave birth to Shun in Yaoxu and died shortly afterwards. Emperor Shun’s father, Suo, took Shun to Guihe, where he married Shun’s stepmother, who gave Shun a younger brother named Xiang. This elephant partnered with the stepmother to bully Shun, so Shun had a miserable childhood, but the saint was different. Shun still loved his younger brother and respected the stepmother very much, and was chosen by Emperor Yao.
Because Shun was born in Yaoxu and was born with double pupils, he was named Yao Chonghua. (Hua is the light in the pupils of the eyes)
Therefore, some of the descendants of Emperor Shun took the "Yaoxu" where Emperor Shun was born as their surname, which is the surname of Yao. Puzhou is nowKnown as the "Hometown of Emperor Shun", there are still many descendants of Yao.
姞姓
姞surname, this surname has not disappeared but simplified, and has become the current Ji surname. This surname is derived from the surname given, and is a direct descendant of the Yellow Emperor. The Yellow Emperor has 25 sons and 14 surnames for a total of 12 surnames (there are two with the same surname). "Guoyu" records: "The twenty-five sons of the Yellow Emperor, and 14 of the surnames, are 12 surnames: Ji, You, Qi, Ji, Teng, Bin, Ren, Xun, Xi, Xi, Yan Yi is also. But Qingyang and Yigu have the same surname.”
included the surname Xi. Later, the descendants of Xi’s surname somehow abbreviated Ji, which is today’s Ji surname.
Among the eight surnames in ancient times, the two with the most extensive systems are Ji and Jiang, which are the direct descendants of Huangdi and Yandi, while Si, Gui and Fang have disappeared in the long river of history, and descendants have evolved various Replace the last name. See if your surname is in this ancient surname?
References:
《史记》
《国语》
(picture: source network)
