Pengjiamu , a great and glorious name that attracted the attention of people all over the world in the 1980s. Why does
attract attention? Because he is an outstanding scientist in China, because he led the Chinese scientific expedition team to pass through Lop Nur for the first time in the world, and because he led the Chinese Lop Nur scientific expedition team to investigate the mysterious disappearance of Lop Nur for the third time in 1980, leaving the world with an unsolved mystery that has not been solved so far...
After going through hardships and dangers, it was the first success in the Lop Nur basin
Lop Nur, a desolate place called the "Sea of Death", because of its mystery and ancient sites Many of them attracted countless explorers from all over the world to go, but their harsh environment also taught them a heavy lesson. Swedish expedition teams, British expedition teams and other expedition teams from all over the world, regardless of their advanced equipment, were eventually defeated by nature, with heavy casualties;
is also a place of meritorious deeds. The first atomic bomb and the first hydrogen bomb of New China were successfully tested in Lop Nur. After that, my country conducted 45 nuclear tests here. It can be said that Lop Nur has made great contributions to the national defense cause of New China.
Lop Nur is located in the southeast of Xinjiang. It has been 2 million years since its birth. Its original area is about 20,000 square kilometers. It was once the water accumulation center of Tarim Basin and is the largest lake in northwest China. The water flow originated from Tianshan , Kunlun Mountain and Aljin Mountain continuously injected into lp Nur, creating the prosperity of Lop Nur "three hundred miles in vast expanse, and its water pavilion does not increase or decrease in winter and summer."
There is a famous ancient Loulan Kingdom by the lake of Lop Nur. The ruins of the Loulan ancient country of more than 100,000 square meters are still here. Back then, the people of Loulan Kingdom lived around the water and flourished under the nourishment of Lop Nur, achieving the extremely glorious Loulan culture.
However, with the rapid increase in the population around Lop Nur, excessive demand and development coupled with climate change, Lop Nur gradually shrank, and completely dried up in the 1960s. The once prosperous South Silk Road was full of yellow sand and traveled.
The vast waves of Lop Nur have become a "sea of death".
After the 1960s, the climate of Lop Nur became increasingly harsh and the environment became increasingly harsh. The extremely harsh climate and geographical environment made it "no birds above and no beasts below", with frequent wind and sand, with many crises, and very dangerous, and it is called the world's "drought extreme".
However, because of the ancient sites of Lop Nur and the mystery of Lop Nur, even though Lop Nur is called the "Sea of Death", it cannot stop the in-depth development of expedition teams from all over the world. Explorers are constantly buried or missing:
1900 and 1928, Swedish Explorer Heding 2 The second time the expedition team entered the Lop Nur desert. Due to the cut off drinking water, people and camels were killed and injured;
1906, British explorer Stein led a team to Loulan for inspection and encountered a water cut crisis. Most of the members of the expedition team were killed and injured...
These expedition teams were still only inspecting the edge of Lop Nur and did not go deep into the hinterland of Lop Nur. It can be seen how dangerous the environment of Lop Nur is.
Of course, the sacrifices of expedition teams from various countries are not without rewards. Although they did not go deep into the hinterland of Lop Nur and were only inspecting the marginal areas, they also obtained a large amount of inspection materials and cultural relics.
For example, the famous ancient Loulan Kingdom was discovered by Heding, a Swedish explorer who led a team to investigate Lop Nur in 1900. The discovery on the edge of Lop Nur shocked the whole world. What if it goes deeper into the hinterland? Based on this, more and more explorers are not afraid of the dangers of Lop Nur and walk towards the hinterland of Lop Nur one after another, hoping to dig out a discovery that shocked the whole world again.
And just as the expedition teams from all over the world rushed towards Lop Nur, by the 1980s, no Chinese expedition team had entered the Lop Nur area, so there was a saying in the world at that time:
"Lop Nur is in China, while Lop Nur is inspected and studied abroad."
This sentence deeply stimulates the nerves of Chinese scientists and makes them feel extremely painful! Peng Jiamu is one of them.
Peng Jiamu, a famous Chinese biochemist and geographer, was born in Panyu County, Guangdong Province in 1925, member of the Communist Party of China .
In 1947, after graduating from the Agricultural College of Central University, Peng Jiamu was sent to the Soil Department of the School of Agricultural College of Peking University as an assistant professor. Two years later, he was transferred to work at the Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and served as an assistant researcher, associate researcher, and researcher.
In 1956, the Chinese Academy of Sciences organized a comprehensive scientific inspection committee to go to various parts of the border to investigate resources. Peng Jiamu gave up the opportunity to go to Moscow, the Soviet Union to learn new MRI technology and resolutely applied to go to Xinjiang for inspection.
Why did Peng Jiamu give up his chance to go abroad and live in the Shanghai metropolis and resolutely go to Xinjiang, where conditions are difficult to conduct an investigation?
In addition to his country, he also has the idea of trying to win a sigh of relief for the country, and has the long-cherished wish of exploring Lop Nur and rewriting Chinese scientists' history.
Since then, Peng Jiamu has visited Xinjiang 15 times for scientific investigations, and has conducted 4 inspections of the Lop Nur area alone.
Before the accident, Peng Jiamu's investigation and research results of Lop Nur caused many shocks in the world's geography and archaeology, and won the of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the country's of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the country .
In an interview with reporters, he once said this:
"The pinnacle of his career is Lop Nur. We must uncover the mystery of Lop Nur and regain the Chinese's voice in Lop Nur."
In March 1964, Peng Jiamu visited the periphery of Lop Nur for the first time. Since his mission was to explore the water and mineral resources around Lop Nur, he did not have the opportunity to go deeper.
In November 1979, Peng Jiamu visited Lop Nur for the second time. This time, as an advisor to the "Silk Road" filming team composed of Chinese and Japanese TV stations, he led the team to Lop Nur for a scientific investigation in advance.
This time, because the TV station had sufficient manpower, material resources and funds, Peng Jiamu was able to conduct a new survey of the desert downstream of the Peacock River in and enter the ancient city of Loulan for investigation.
However, since Peng Jiamu participated in the event as a consultant for the film crew, with the purpose of assisting the film crew in completing the shooting of Lop Nur instead of a simple scientific investigation, he was unable to conduct a comprehensive investigation of Lop Nur.
0 The second step into Lop Nur but failed to go to the hinterland for various reasons, which is a pity for Peng Jiamu.
In order to make up for this regret, Peng Jiamu assisted the film crew of the "Silk Road" to inspect Lop Nur, he discussed with his colleague Xia Xuncheng to form a formal comprehensive scientific expedition team to go deep into the hinterland lake basin of Lop Nur for a comprehensive investigation. The idea of
was later approved and supported by the leaders of the Xinjiang Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In this way, Peng Jiamu entered Lop Nur for the third time, and this inspection created a history - The first time in the world to pass through the center of Lop Nur Lake .
On May 2, 1980, a Lop Nur scientific expedition team led by Peng Jiamu set out from Urumqi and began a historic itinerary through the Lop Nur Lake Basin.
If you are not familiar with Peng Jiamu, you would never have imagined that it was such a heroic scientist who entered Lop Nur three times to investigate. He suffered from two types of cancer before entering Lop Nur for the first time.
In 1957, he was diagnosed with mediastinal malignant tumor in the chest cavity in Shanghai. Three years later, he was diagnosed with reticular lymphocytic cancer again, this time more serious than the last time. At that time, the doctor said that he could only live for up to 3 months.
If ordinary people were hit like this and tortured by illness, they would have been depressed and given up on themselves, but Peng Jiamu did not. Not only did he faced it positively and optimistically, he also joined Lop Nur's scientific investigation with his tenacious will.
We all know that even experienced explorers are very dangerous to go to Lop Nur for adventure, let alone Peng Jiamu, who suffers from two types of cancer. It can be seen how firm and tenacious Peng Jiamu's will is.
Pengjiamu's third expedition to Lop Nur is very clear: to conduct a comprehensive scientific investigation into the hinterland of Lop Nur.
Therefore, this time, the Lop Nur scientific expedition team led by the Xinjiang Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Peng Jiamu was the captain was fully equipped and well-manned, and was well prepared.
In addition to Peng Jiamu, those who participated in the Lop Nur scientific expedition team at that time also included:
Deputy Secretary of the temporary party branch of the scientific expedition team and administrative supervisor and security officer (carrying a Type 64 pistol with you), Chen Bailu, deputy captain and hydrological geologist Wang Wenxian, chemists Ma Renwen and Yan Hongjian, botanist Shen Guanmian, zoologist Gu Jinghe, drivers Wang Renxuan, Chen Dahua and Bao Jicai, and radio transmitter Xiao Wanneng.
In addition, the scientific expedition team is equipped with Beijing 212 five-seater jeep, eight-seater jeep and tractor 3 cars, and carry scientific expedition equipment and radio stations.
On May 2, the Lop Nur scientific expedition team set out from Urumqi, with the destination being the Malan nuclear base in the Lop Nur area.
At that time, Lop Nur was a military controlled area. No matter who it was, if you wanted to enter Lop Nur, you had to go through the approval of the Maran Base. Only by obtaining the Maran Base’s pass permit could you carry out scientific investigation activities in Lop Nur.
The Lop Nur scientific expedition team went to Lop Nur for a scientific investigation this time, which was approved and supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, so the approval work went smoothly. In a few days, the scientific expedition team passed the approval and obtained a pass permit to go to Lop Nur for inspection.
While waiting for approval, the scientific expedition team was not idle either. Some went to collect more information about Lop Nur, and some went to purchase the materials needed to travel through Lop Nur... Six days later, the scientific expedition team of Lop Nur officially began to travel through the mysterious and dangerous Lop Nur.
As soon as he stepped into Lop Nur, the scientific expedition team encountered trouble - the eight-seat jeep carrying the only radio station and radio transmitter Xiao Wanneng who could contact the outside world drove the wrong way and got separated from the main force.
Since the radio station is the only way for the scientific expedition team to contact the outside world, some team members suggested waiting in place at that time. After all, Lop Nur is no better than other places. Once a problem occurs, they will have their lives to worry about.
However, Peng Jiamu considered that the time given to the Malan base was very short and he had to return at the end of June, and the scientific expedition task was heavy, so he finally decided not to wait, which led to the scientific expedition team losing the radio station on the first day.
has no way to contact the outside world, so he heads to the hinterland of Lop Nur, which is an extremely dangerous thing.
However, the scientific expedition team members did not object to Peng Jiamu's decision. They knew that the opportunity to go to Lop Nur for scientific investigation was hard-won, and the time was short and the task was heavy. If they wanted to win glory for the country, they could only compete against time. So they decided to go forward without hesitation and headed towards the hinterland of Lop Nur without hesitation.
Of course, they waited for the separated radio station and the team members, and then completed the things that were once done by no one in the world, and were almost considered impossible - through the center of Lop Nur Lake. After a difficult journey, the scientific expedition team traveled through the Yadan area and drove south from the northern shore of Lop Nur into the hinterland of the lake basin.
After entering the lake basin, the scientific expedition team struggled to move forward while completing scientific expedition tasks such as taking photos, measuring and sampling. After
, the scientific expedition team entered the endless and even more dangerous salt-pack area with the flying sand and the unbearable dry heat. This was the most dangerous place encountered by the scientific expedition team at that time.
In fact, this is true. The salt-pack area of Lop Nur is a hard salt shell more than one meter high formed by the lake water completely drying up. It is distributed irregularly and scattered in every place that was originally the bottom of the lake.
hard salt shells are like nails, standing in front of the scientific expedition team. Every step forward of the car requires extreme caution. If you are not careful, the tire will be cut open. Once even the spare tire is pierced here, it will definitely be a fatal blow.
plus the salt-bread area is endless, with no landmarks or reference objects. At first glance, it is full of white. If you are not careful, you will lose your direction. Therefore, the scientific expedition team is moving very slowly, and even if the team members walk to lead the way for the team behind, it will not work.
In the end, Peng Jiamu had to withdraw from the camp with the scientific expedition team on May 13 and find another way.
Later, Peng Jiamu decided to send someone back and buy a few big hammers.After the hammer was bought, the scientific expedition team set off again. Everyone took turns to smash the salt shell with the hammer in front. Finally, it took 7 days. The scientific expedition team overcame many difficulties and reached the south bank on June 5, achieving the first attempt to explore the hinterland of the Lop Nur Lake Basin, setting a world record for the first time being to penetrate the center of the Lop Nur Lake Lake Basin by the Chinese.
When crossing the hinterland of the lake basin, Peng Jiamu and the scientific expedition team members had to face the hard hard salt shell and the danger of getting lost at any time, they also had to endure the unpredictable weather in Lop Nur.
The weather in Lop Nur is very moody. During the day, the sun is in the sky, but at night, the wind is biting. The changing weather also brings changeable temperatures. Sometimes cold and sometimes hot makes most scientific expedition team members have serious symptoms of dizziness, nausea and discomfort.
However, facing our own discomfort, the dangerous geographical environment and the unpredictable natural environment, no one retreated, and still insisted on the front line and carried out various established scientific research.
In-depth investigation was blocked and went out to find water mysteriously disappeared
According to the established task, after successfully crossing the hinterland of the Lop Nur Lake Basin, the task of the expedition team had been completed ahead of schedule and could have returned in triumph. But Peng Jiamu and the scientific expedition team members were inspired by the successful crossing of the lake basin and temporarily changed their plans. They planned to set off east to inspect the old path of Shule River in Mulan after resting, and then return to the camp on the north bank of Lop Nur from there.
Why do you need to temporarily change your itinerary to inspect the old road of Shule River?
First, the scientific expedition team completed the established scientific expedition tasks ahead of schedule, whether it was materials or time, there was still remaining. It was difficult to cross the hinterland of Lop Nur. In their opinion, since they have all come here and there is still time, why can't we continue to conduct further investigations?
Second, the Shule River Old Road was a necessary route from Dunhuang to Guloulan in ancient times, but there are few records about this old way. If we can investigate it clearly, it will play a very important role in the comprehensive study of the natural and humanistic and historical conditions of Lop Nur.
Of course, Peng Jiamu and the scientific expedition team members also knew that this trip was very dangerous, so the team members reached a consensus:
When water and oil are used halfway, but half of the road has not been completed, then return the same way and will never delay.
On June 11, Peng Jiamu led the scientific expedition team to resolutely leave Milan and entered the Lop Nur desert again to the east.
"For scientific exploration, you can do whatever you want."
This trip is more difficult and dangerous than crossing the hinterland of the Lop Nur Lake Basin. The more you go, the weather gets hotter and hotter. The heat waves are rolling along the way, the wind and sand are very strong, and the convoy is struggling to pass through the endless sandbags.
The harsh natural environment has made the team members' physical condition worse and worse. Some people have started to vomit, and some are even close to coma.
Even so, they did not give up. They looked firm and walked resolutely forward. No one asked to retreat.
3 days later, Peng Jiamu and the scientific expedition team came to a place called Liushugou with difficulty.
originally, according to the scheduled plan, the scientific expedition team should have arrived at Kumukuduke at this time, and the supplies should also be in a relatively sufficient state. However, in fact, the scientific expedition team not only failed to reach the destination according to the scheduled plan, but there was not much water and gasoline left.
At this time, there are only two choices between Peng Jiamu and the scientific expedition team members. Retreat or advance. Retreat can ensure that there will be no problems, and unpredictable dangers may occur when advancing.
In the face of life, most people will choose to retreat. At that time, the heroes such as Peng Jiamu did not. They unanimously stated:
is to sprinkle blood on Lop Nur, and they must also open the door to this mysterious land and never retreat.
Just like that, after a night of rest, Peng Jiamu and the scientific expedition team embarked on an unknown journey again.
2 days later, on June 16, the scientific expedition team finally arrived in Kumukuduke.
Kumkudukuduke has never entered before. The scientific expedition team discovered the wild camel group here, took photos and inspected the specimens, and took the team members were very excited on this day. They once again created a history and conquered a place that the whole world had not conquered before.
However, after the excitement, the scientific expedition team discovered a very serious problem: gasoline can only support the car to walk dozens of kilometers further forward, with little drinking water left and it began to smell and could not be drunk. The team members searched nearby for a day but couldn't find drinking water.
The scientific expedition team members are located more than 400 kilometers away from the north bank of Lop Nur, and they cannot return without water and gasoline.
At this critical moment, Peng Jiamu made a quick decision to draft a telegram in person at 9:30 that night and sent a request for help to the frontier command of the Malan Base "720":
"We arrived at about ten kilometers west of Kurukudok (i.e. Kumukudok) at 20 o'clock today. We were short of oil and water, so we requested emergency support of 300 kilograms of oil and 500 kilograms of water. The existing water can only last until the 18th."
At 9 a.m. the next day, the Malan Base called back: "Agree to send supplies, stand by on the spot." He also asked the scientific expedition team to report the coordinates and terrain.
The science and technology team was very happy after receiving the call back, and then quickly informed the Malan base of his location: 91 degrees 50 minutes east longitude; 40 degrees 17 minutes north latitude. The sign is: There is a red flag on the ground.
After receiving a call from the scientific expedition team, the Malan base decided to send a helicopter to rescue the team for emergency rescue first and send 500 kilograms of water first. Water is crucial. Without gasoline, you can wait, but without water, you will be life-threatening.
17 is near noon, and the Malan Base calls back:
"There is 500 kilograms of water on the morning of the 18th, but the helicopter cannot deliver oil. Please stand by on the spot."
After receiving the clear reply from the Malan Base, the scientific expedition team members were shocked and knew that they were saved. They were all very happy. However, just when Xiao Wanneng received a telegram and was about to report to Peng Jiamu, he found that Peng Jiamu was missing.
Deputy Captain Wang Wenxian learned about this. He thought Peng Jiamu had gone to the nearby toilet and would come back soon, so he was waiting in the tent.
But I waited around and waited for half an hour without waiting for him to come back. Wang Wenxian realized that something might have happened.
It was at this moment that Wang Wanxuan found a note left by Peng Jiamu on the seat, with a sentence written on it:
"I go east to find the well - Peng 17/6:10:30".
This is the last sentence that Peng Jiamu left to this world.
science expedition team members felt very uneasy and quickly divided into several teams to search for Peng Jiamu.
However, most of the day passed, and the search team walked several kilometers, but no trace of Peng Jiamu was found.
In Lop Nur, the place where death is dead, it is undoubtedly a very dangerous thing to go alone to find water. I couldn’t find it after searching for it for a long time. The scientific expedition team members knew that something must have been wrong, so they hurriedly reported it.
At 2 a.m. on June 18, the news of Peng Jiamu's disappearance spread to Academic Academy of Sciences through Xinjiang Military Region , and then to the State Council. After
, the Party Central Committee quickly issued the order to "find all your efforts".
After receiving the search and rescue instructions issued by the Party Central Committee, local troops in Xinjiang and Gansu dispatched air forces and ground troops to start a large-scale search.
From June 20 to 26, the military and scientific expedition team dispatched 136 people, and the Air Force dispatched 9 helicopters and 3 An-2 aircraft. They searched repeatedly within 30 kilometers of east and west of the accident site, but all ended in failure.
Since Peng Jiamu's disappearance, the party and the state have conducted four large-scale, high-density, three-dimensional and long-term searches, but unfortunately, none of them have found Peng Jiamu's body.
Just like that, the sentence "I go east to find the well" has become a 7-word mystery that cannot be solved by the world!
Where did Peng Jiamu go?
Some people think that Peng Jiamu may be lost and sank into the swamp while looking for water, or are lost and tired and buried by wind and sand while resting, or may encounter wolves in the desert, or be exhausted, or be buried after relapse of old illness and fainting...
No matter what kind of speculation, the author sincerely hopes to find the body of martyr Peng Jiamu, so that his soul can be returned to his hometown and buried in the martyr's cemetery for future generations to admire.
I would like to pay tribute to the revolutionary martyr Professor Peng Jiamu with this article.
Peng Jiamu is one of the most outstanding scientists in my country. He is the best in terms of scientific research level and character. His disappearance is an irreparable huge loss for the new China...
