Author: Dongxu
"I took someone to catch Lao Jiang!"
In 1978, a farmer wrote a letter to Marshal Ye Jianying. The core meaning of the letter was this sentence.
Marshal Ye was stunned at first sight: In the Xi'an Incident, in , in , Chiang Kai-shek was captured by Sun Mingjiu, the commander of the Second Battalion of Zhang Xueliang Guard, and this matter was decided long ago. Why did this person say he caught it?
After reading the letter, Marshal Ye did not dare to neglect and immediately instructed the relevant departments to investigate the truth.
Wang Yuzan's letter to Ye Jianying
Who is this person, what did he say in the letter, and what is the final investigation result?
The person who wrote the letter was named Wang Yuzan, the battalion commander of the First Battalion of Zhang Xueliang's Guard.
In his letter, the process of capturing Chiang was described as follows:
December 8, 1936, Zhang Xueliang . Yang Hucheng begged Chiang, who went to Xi'an to supervise the war, to give up the policy of "suppressing the Communist Party" and unanimously fight against Japan, but was rejected by Chiang.
For national justice, Zhang Yang decided to launch a "military remonstrance".
Zhang Xueliang's confidant Bai Fengxiang, stationed in Qingyang, Gansu (now Guyuan City, Ningxia), received a secret telegram: Come to Xi'an quickly.
Bai Fengxiang, commander of the 6th Division of the Second Cavalry Army of the National Revolutionary Army. In the Northeast Army
in the Northeast Army , Bai Fengxiang was the first to contact our underground organization, first to accept and recognize progressive ideas, and deeply hate Chiang Kai-shek's policies.
Not only that, he also asked Wang Yong, Chief of Staff of the Sixth Cavalry Division, to secretly sign several agreements to partially stop the civil war and fight against Japan and save the country, and was approved by Comrade Xiaoping, Deputy Director of the General Political Department of the Red Army, .
This move was more than a year earlier than the armistice agreement signed by Wang Yizhe, the subordinate of Zhang Xueliang, with the Red Army in Luochuan.
At Zhang Xueliang's instruction, Bai Fengxiang went to Huaqing Pond in Lintong to pay homage to Lao Jiang, saying that he was going to the Rehe area to carry out guerrilla warfare to the president, in fact, to observe the terrain of Lao Jiang's residence.
On the afternoon of December 11, Zhang Xueliang said solemnly to Bai Fengxiang at Zhang Mansion: "I thought about it for a long time and decided to detain the chairman and force him to fight against Japan..."
Bai Fengxiang was poisoned by Japanese enemy special forces in Inner Mongolia in 1942. But Zhang Xueliang did not give up and decided to see Lao Jiang again to see if he could change his opinion.
At around 4 pm on December 11, Zhang Xueliang had his last conversation with Chiang Chiang, and Chiang was stubborn.
When he walked to Toudao Gate, Zhang Xueliang saw Wang Yuzan, the first battalion commander who was on duty there at a glance, and took him to Zhang Mansion, No. 1, Jinjia Lane.
Zhang Xueliang asked everyone to retreat, leaving only him and Wang Yuzan.
He looked up and down at Wang Yuzan with a grim expression, but calm attitude, and said a shocking sentence: "I order you to capture Chairman Jiang into the city, and you must catch the alive, and don't beat him to death."
Wang Yuzan stood at attention together and saluted, "Please ensure that the task is completed!"
At that time, Old Jiang never dreamed that Zhang Yang would capture him. There were only twenty or thirty guards around him, and there were less than one hundred military police outside.
The two infantry and cavalry companies commanded by Wang Yuzan have a total strength of more than 300 people, and their strength completely crushes the opponent, so they are full of confidence.
Despite this, Zhang Xueliang was not at ease and added, "I plan to let Sun Mingjiu perform the mission with you to ensure that everything is foolproof."
stopped, and Zhang Xueliang said, "Your battalion serves as the guard of the Huaqing Pond, and you should act first..."
"In order to distinguish it from Chiang's guards, let your troops wear blue cotton uniforms after going back." Zhang Xueliang said, "The specific matter will be arranged by Deputy Chief Tan Hai."
After nightfall, Wang Yuzan took people to Deputy Chief Tan to get the military uniforms and placed them in the battalion headquarters.
At around 2 a.m. on the 12th, Wang Yuzan took a motorcycle to Shilipu and showed Zhang Xueliang's handwriting to Company Commander Shao of the Cavalry Company:
"Deputy Commander Zhang ordered you to control the periphery of Huaqing Pond and not let anyone escape. Don't ask why."
This is because Zhang Xueliang's explanation was that before leaving, it was important. The fewer people who knew the secret to capture Jiang, the better, so as not to reveal the news.
Therefore, most of the officers and soldiers who participated in the mutiny did not know the ultimate purpose of the mission, but only knew about it after the incident.
Otherwise, as long as there is someone who has a second heart, there is no need to inform him. Just shooting in advance can also make the plan fail. After the explanation of
, Wang Yuzan rushed to Baqiao Town again and issued an order to the platoon leader Jin Wanpu of the pistol platoon: "You, lead all the platoon soldiers to Huaqing Pond quickly."
Immediately afterwards, Wang Yuzan issued an order to the company commander Wang Shimin who guarded the first company of Huaqing Pond, making his three platoon leaders Ma Tiyu, Kuang Derun and Wang Jinming anxious to deploy the arrest of Chiang.
Lao Chiang's military police lived with these factions, or were very close to each other. Their mission was to disarm these military policemen when they were unprepared.
After completing all this, Wang Yuzan took Wang Shimin's company of soldiers into Toudao Sect.
The night was surprisingly quiet. Although their troops had an absolute advantage, everyone was still very nervous when they thought of capturing Lao Jiang.
Wang Yuzan recalled that he had experienced countless battles of all sizes and sizes, and was used to bloody storms, but his underwear was still soaked in sweat, and his hands holding the gun were sweating.
When he touched the second door, the soldiers who were left outside the door were loading bullets.
Wang Yuzan was shocked and hurriedly said to the platoon leader Ma in a low voice: "Don't let them make trouble, it's time for us to go up after the gunshots."
At around 4 a.m., all the gendarmes outside were controlled, and Wang Yuzan raised his pistol to Lao Jiang's sentry at the second door.
He pulled the trigger at the sentry, and he hit it with three shots. This is the agreed action signal.
Hearing the gunshot, all the soldiers of the first battalion began to attack.
At this time, Sun Mingjiu's second battalion rushed from Baqiao Town to join the battle.
is Wang Yuzan fired the first shot of the Xi'an Incident and opened the curtain of the Xi'an Incident that shocked the world!
After the sentry was knocked down, Wang Yuzan led his troops into the second door and collided with the big man who ran out of the door after being awakened by gunfire.
This person is tall and big, and Wang Yuzan is not sure if he is Lao Jiang.
At this moment, the man spoke and shouted in Zhejiang dialect: "What's wrong?"
From the accent, it can be seen that this is a young man, and he must be the head guard of Chiang Kai-shek.
So Wang Yuzan waved his hand and his subordinates shot together, knocking the head guard's body into a hornet's nest.
At the same time, Lao Chiang's guards also woke up, and they were all panicked.
As the chairman and guards, they thought this was the most glorious thing in the world and the safest thing.
After all, Chiang Kai-shek holds a million troops, who dares to provoke them?
They never dreamed that protecting the "president" should be real.
However, if you can become a guard of Chiang Kai-shek, there is absolutely no problem with "loyalty". Despite the panic, they all resisted desperately.
But most of them have short guns in their hands. Although their marksmanship is very good, they are in a dark and cannot play a role.
And in the face of powerful firepower, their weapons seem very pitiful.
So, it didn't take long for the guards to bleed Huaqing Pond, and they all became ghosts under the gun.
Wang Yuzan led his subordinates and drove straight in, and soon approached the five halls where Jiang's bedroom was located.
At this time, more than 50 people from the Second Battalion Commander Sun rushed to Huaqing Pond in two trucks and soon joined the battle.
After the peripheral guards were eliminated, the next step was to capture Jiang Jiang.
Because Zhang Xueliang had confessed that he could not hurt Chiang's life, Wang Yuzan did not dare to neglect, and went to capture him and Company Commander Wang Shimin personally.
The gate outside the courtyard where Lao Jiang lived was closed, so Wang Yuzan and the company commander had to bypass the Guifei Pond and climb to the platform in front of the Wujian Hall.
The door of the No. 3 Hall where Lao Jiang lives was half open. The two of them broke into the bedroom in two steps in three steps, and were shocked when they saw it.
The quilt on the bed was lifted up, and no one was left.
They searched in the house, and looked at it under the bed, but didn't find Lao Jiang.
"Battery Commander, what should I do if the person is gone?" Wang Shimin's voice was a little trembling.
Wang Yuzan touched the quilt, and there was still warmth. Lao Jiang's clothes and hat were all there, dentures were still soaked in a cup, and Jiang's standard black cloak was still hung on the clothes hanger.
"He didn't go far, hurry up and search nearby!" said Wang Yuzan.
While the officers and soldiers were searching everywhere, the phone rang.
"Where is the chairman?" This is Zhang Xueliang's voice.
"Report to the deputy commander, still looking for it." Wang Yuzan replied.
"I can't catch Jiang, I'll be punished for rebellion!" Zhang Xueliang was also panicked on the other side of the phone, his voice was low and stern.
Wang Yuzan's heart was nervous and impatient.
At this time, Shi Zhizhong, a soldier of the pistol platoon of the first battalion, came to report: "Battalion Commander, a shoe was found on the back wall!"
"The chairman may have escaped from the wall to the , Lishan behind, hurry up and search the mountain!" Wang Yuzan said anxiously.
Wang Yuzan commanded the soldiers of the first battalion to search the mountains from the left, and Battalion Sun of the second battalion to lead the soldiers to search the mountains from the right.
At this time, fish belly white appeared in the east, and Mount Li was full of mountain search warriors.
Lao Jiang (left), Zhang Xueliang
Lao Jiang is not young, it is impossible for him to go too far. Where did he go?
Wang Yuzan was confused and kept thinking while searching.
At this moment, a voice suddenly came: "Battorney General, the chairman is here!"
It turned out that the gunshot woke up Lao Jiang. He panicked and climbed over the wall and ran to the hill halfway up to the mountain five hundred meters away from his residence, hiding behind a large stone.
It was the middle of winter at that time. When he came out, he was panicked and did not wear a coat. Old Jiang in the grass was trembling with cold.
plus fear, he looked out from time to time, and was discovered by Liu Yunzheng, the squad leader of the pistol platoon of the first battalion, and arrested him.
Wang Yuzan was extremely excited when she heard this, and hurriedly ran to the place where the sound was made, and indeed saw Lao Jiang.
I saw him wearing a bronze silk robe, white pajama pants, bald head and barefoot, covered in dust, looking very funny and very embarrassed.
Wang Yuzan hurriedly stepped forward and saluted a military salute, and said to Lao Chiang, "I come and invite you on the order of Deputy Commander Zhang!"
Lao Chiang had a dark face and did not speak, and the officers and soldiers pushed him down the mountain.
got on the road. He sat on the ground and asked in panic: "Where is your Deputy Commander Zhang? Why don't you see me?"
Wang Yuzan was considering how to answer. When he turned his head, he saw Liu Duoquan, commander of the 105th Division, commander Liu Duoquan, commander of the 105th Division.
Why is Liu Duoquan not someone else? Because this person, He Shili, , Jiang Huanan, , and Tan Hai, is known as Zhang Xueliang's four bodyguards, and is loyal to him.
Liu Duoquan is from Jincheng, Liaoning. After graduating from Baoding Army Officer School, he arrived at Zhang Xueliang's guard and was promoted to deputy captain of the guard major under the recommendation of his classmate of Baoding Military Academy and Zhang Xueliang's bodyguard Jiang Huanan.
Liu Duoquan
Because Liu Duoquan is loyal and reliable, and resourceful, he was promoted to the commander-in-chief of the National Revolutionary Army (Zhang Xueliang) of the Beiping Zhang Guard and the commander-in-chief of the Guard of the Beiping Pacification Office.
1933, Liu Duoquan was transferred to the commander of the 105th Independent Division of the Northeast Army.
Capturing Jiang is a life-and-death matter for Zhang Xueliang, and he can only rely on Liu Duoquan.
Wang Yuzan saw Liu Duoquan standing on the road not far away (outside the Toudao Gate), so she ran over and reported to him excitedly: "Report to Commander Liu, the Chairman was caught by us."
Teacher Liu said: "Okay, okay, I understand, I saw it!"
It was already 8 o'clock in the morning. Liu Duoquan waved his hand and everyone stuffed Jiang Jiang into a car, and was escorted to the Xincheng Building in Xi'an by Deputy Chief Zhang Xueliang Tan Hai and others.
Before this, Zhang Xueliang didn't sleep all night and was uneasy. Once Jiang escaped or was beaten to death, the plan failed.
caught Lao Jiang, and Zhang Xueliang's heart finally fell down. He was very happy and gave Wang Yuzan a bonus and promoted Wang Yuzan to the commander of the 43rd Regiment of the 15th Brigade of the Northeast Army.
Later, Wang Yuzan participated in the eight-year war of resistance.
In the winter of 1949, Wang Yuzan, a general of Chiang army, abandoned the secret and turned to the light and participated in the Yunnan Uprising. After
, Wang Yuzan returned to her hometown, hid his identity and became a farmer.
In the letter, Wang Yuzan said to Marshal Ye, "I captured Chiang Kai-shek. We should be responsible for history and ask for verification with the truth."
Chairman Ye attached great importance to it after seeing the letter and immediately made an instruction to arrange for relevant departments to investigate this.
The United Front Department of Fushun City, where Wang Yuzan's hometown is located, took action immediately. It took three and a half months, with a trip of nearly 9,000 kilometers, and dozens of clues were verified.
In October 1979, the result came out. It was indeed captured by Wang Yuzan.
Fushun Relevant departments wrote a reply to Wang Yuzan, saying that he had suffered "no waiver" and invited him to have a face-to-face discussion with people who had experienced the incident.
1979, Fushun United Front Work Department’s official letter to Wang Yuzan
However, in the article, Sun Mingjiu insisted that it was the Second Battalion of the Guard he led to capture Lao Jiang.
The entire process of catching Chiang was completed by fifty or sixty people from the Second Battalion led by Sun (the relevant textbooks and TV series are also described in this way).
Ship Ye
Since you have your own opinions, let’s have a debate and debate in person. If you don’t argue, you won’t understand.
1981, 45 years after the Xi'an Incident occurred, the "Huaqingchi Catching Chiang" was held in Beijing.
says it is a discussion, but it is actually a debate.
The symposium was chaired by General Zhang Xueliang's former secretary and General Guo Weicheng, deputy commander of the People's Liberation Army Railway Soldier. It was located in the CPPCC.
In addition to the battalion commander of the first battalion and the second battalion, the participants also included Zhang Xueliang's second brother Zhang Xueming , the two leaders of the capturing Jiang's witnesses, Chen Dazhang , and Zhang Zhibang, as well as Zhu Zongyu, the adjutant of Zhang Xueliang's entourage, as well as several scholars of the history of the Xi'an Incident, a total of 14 people.
Participants questioned and the two battalion commanders debated face to face.
Wang Yuzan said: "When Lao Jiang arrived in Xi'an twice on October and December 4, 1936, the guard tasks of the Toudao Gate where he lived in Huaqingchi were ordered by my first battalion. If you have any objections to this, please raise them."
Guo Weicheng also stood up and said: "It is a fact that the First Battalion of Guards serves as the guard of Huaqingchi Jiang Xingyuan. I can prove it, so there is no need to discuss it."
In this way, the fact that the First Battalion of Guards guards Huaqingchi Toudao Gate was confirmed by the participants.
Wang Yuzan questioned: "It turns out that the second battalion commander's memoir said, 'We just arrived at Toudao Gate, and we were discovered by Chiang's guards...'
Since the Toudao Gate of Huaqingchi was guarded by the First Battalion of Guards, where did Chiang's guards come from?"
A participant from the Academy of Social Sciences asked loudly: "I have a question. Who fired the first shot when Huaqingchi captured Jiang?"
Wang Yuzan said in a positive tone: "It's me, it's the first shot I fired, and it fired three shots in succession."
As soon as this statement came out, the scene was silent, including the battalion commander of the Second Battalion, no one raised any objections.
At this point, the truth is revealed.
In the Xi'an Incident Memorial Hall, Wang Yuzan's military uniform photo reads "Wang Yuzan, the battalion commander of the 1st Battalion of Zhang Xueliang Guard in charge of Lintong military advisors, fired the first shot of Lintong military advisors at 6 a.m. on December 12."
Photos and descriptions of Wang Yuzan in the Xi'an Incident Memorial Hall
Wang Yuzan wrote in the article "How did I fire the first shot of the Xi'an Incident": "If on the afternoon of December 11, Deputy Commander Zhang did not notify me to capture Chiang, and someone led the team to capture Chiang, I would definitely order the fire to open, because my duty is to ensure Chiang's safety and he will never allow him to do so. Others entered the Toudao Gate one step. "
" Because I received the order in advance, I ordered my subordinates to allow him to lead the Second Battalion to smoothly enter the Toudao Gate of Huaqingchi, which was in charge of the guards. Otherwise, it would be a murder between the first and second battalions of the Guards. How could he successfully capture Jiang? "
What is touching is that when countless commemorative activities of the Xi'an Incident were held before, Wang Yuzan was a farmer in a remote mountainous area, and no one knew his name.
Until 1979, under the inquiries of Marshal Ye, the organization made historical conclusions for Wang Yuzan of "patriotism", "justice" and "meritorial".
Wang Yuzan was 85 years old at this time.
In December 1981, Tong Xiaopeng suggested that Wang Yuzan be arranged to visit Huaqing Pool again.
Old man Wang Yuzan returned to Huaqingchi
Wang Yuzan and his wife came to Huaqingchi where he fired the first shot of Jiang 45 years ago.
Looking at the bullet holes left by the comrades on the walls of the five halls, the old man was excited, and the sound of fierce gunshots and the screams of officers and soldiers were heard in his ears.
Old friends have been storms for decades, things on the battlefield in the past have changed, and the war of anti-Japanese war has long become history.
At the moment when the nation is in danger, the heroes who stand up will always be remembered!
[Deeply cultivate the history of war, promote positive energy, welcome to submit articles, private messages will be replied]
