What are the four modernizations?
Who was the first to propose the "four modernizations"?
According to the data, the four modernizations refer to industrial modernization , agricultural modernization , national defense modernization , and science and technology modernization.
In the history of the development of the People's Republic of China, Chairman Mao was the first national leader to propose the concepts of "modernization" and "four modernizations".
In order to let everyone understand the historical truth and get closer to the truth, let’s look at the real historical materials.
Historical Material 1: On September 15, 1954, Chairman Mao pointed out in "Struggle for Building a Great Socialist Country":
"The people of our country should work hard,...be prepared to build our current economically and culturally backward country into an industrialized one with A great country with a high level of modern culture. "
Historical Material 2: In February 1957, Chairman Mao clearly stated in "The Problem on Correctly Handling Contradictions Among the People":
"Build our country into an socialist country with modern industry, modern agriculture, and modern science and culture ."
Historical Material 3: In March 1957, Chairman Mao mentioned again in his speech at the National Propaganda Work Conference:
"We will definitely build a socialist country with modern industry, modern agriculture and modern scientific and cultural culture."
Historical Material 4: From December 1959 to February 1960, Chairman Mao read Su in "Reading Su". The Excerpt of the Talk of the "Political Economics Textbook" clearly states:
"Building socialism was originally required to be industrial modernization, agricultural modernization, and scientific and cultural modernization. Now we need to add national defense modernization."
Historical Material 5: On March 18, 1960, Chairman Mao met with html at a hotel in Hangzhou 1 Nepal Prime Minister Koilarah , said during the talks:
"It means to settle down so that we can build our country's modern industry, modern agriculture, modern science and culture and modern national defense."
Historical Materials 6: December 1964 to 1965 In January, the first session of the Third National People's Congress was held in Beijing. At the instruction of Chairman Mao, Premier Zhou clearly stated in the "Government Work Report":
"Now, my country's task of adjusting the national economy has been basically completed, the entire national economy has improved comprehensively, and will enter a new period of development. We strive to build our country into a society with modern agriculture, modern industry, modern national defense and modern science and technology within a not-so-long historical period. A powerful country with a strong ideology, catch up with and exceed the world's advanced level. "
Premier Zhou also proposed that the strategic goal of achieving the "four modernizations" must be taken in two steps:
" In order to achieve this great historical task, starting from the third five-year plan, the development of our country's national economy can be considered in two steps: the first step is to establish an independent and relatively complete industrial system and national economic system; the second step is to comprehensively Realize the modernization of agriculture, industry, national defense and science and technology, and make our economy at the forefront of the world."
Historical Materials 7: From January 13 to 17, 1975, the first session of the Fourth National People's Congress of was held in the Great Hall of the People. Premier Zhou followed Chairman Mao's instructions and reiterated the "two-step conception" strategy of 1964 in the "Government Work Report".
"The first step is to build an independent and relatively complete industrial system and national economic system before 1980; the second step is to fully realize the modernization of agriculture, industry, national defense and science and technology within this century, so that our national economy can be at the forefront of the world."
0 The following examples are given to historical materials.
The above historical materials look a bit boring, but they are very vivid and release the following important information to us.
1. The four modernizations were first proposed by Chairman Mao, which is a foregone conclusion.
2. The four modernizations were not all proposed at once, but were improved after time precipitation, which fully demonstrated that the development of things is step by step, that is, from shallow to deep, from one-sided to more aspects, in line with the principle of dialectical materialist epistemology .
3. Chairman Mao talked about the four modernizations, which were originally limited to middle and high-level cadres and a small number of foreign guests within the party. The coverage was not very wide, so many people did not understand it.
4. In his annual government report, Premier Zhou publicly talked about the "four modernizations" to the people of the whole country for the first time. After the meeting, the mainstream media was vigorously promoted, and the four modernizations were only well known to the people of the whole country.
5. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Chairman Mao built a correct national strategy for the New China in terms of economic construction and made indelible historical contributions to economic construction.
6. Four modernizations, "patent invention rights" belong to Chairman Mao, and Premier Zhou made contributions to publicity and promotion.
Who took the lead in proposing the four modernizations? It has sparked controversy.
Various historical materials clearly tell us that the four modernizations were first proposed by Chairman Mao in the Party and were spoken publicly by Premier Zhou at the National People's Congress meeting.
Later, Deng Xiaoping also talked about this issue.
1 On April 12, 1980, Deng Xiaoping said when meeting with the President of Zambia Kaunda:
"The four modernizations we are talking about now are actually proposed by Chairman Mao, and they were spoken by Premier Zhou in his government work report."
Deng Xiaoping's original intention was to say that Chairman Mao is the original author of the four modernizations, and Premier Zhou just publicly told the people of the whole country about this major national strategy.
However, for a long time, some people have deliberately confused the concept of history and regarded "talking it out" as "proposing it", deliberately concealing Chairman Mao's economic strategic layout and achievements in economic construction.
After Chairman Mao’s death, Hua Guofeng took over and continued to promote the “four modernizations”.
Chairman Hua once said that in the four modernizations, we must adhere to independence and self-reliance, and at the same time learn from foreign advanced experiences.
11979, when meeting with foreign guests from the United States and Canada, Deng Xiaoping said: "In our country, what is China's biggest politics? The four modernizations are China's biggest politics."
From this, it can be inferred that during the period when Hua Guofeng was in power, he was committed to the vigorous promotion of the four modernizations, which not only continued the national strategy, but also comforted the great leader and did a lot of basic work for the subsequent reform and opening up.
In the view of the cold cow slaughter, this is called inheritance of the robe and mantle, also called inheritance of the torch.
Realizing four modernizations is the overall strategy, general policy and overall goal of national development. It must be coherent and continuity, and it takes generations of relay to achieve it in order to build China into a highly modern socialist power.
From this perspective, Chairman Hua is a very outstanding leader. He continues to forge ahead along the glorious Avenue and relays the unsuccessful cause of the country and nation, which deserves praise from the people and remembered by history.
Sometimes, if you don’t act recklessly, you are doing something.
In the Deng Xiaoping era, the four modernizations had new historical footnotes.
In January 11983, Deng Xiaoping put forward a new view: builds socialism with Chinese characteristics .
features become the beginning of an era.
In June 11983, Deng Xiaoping said when meeting with foreign experts: "We are engaged in modernization, Chinese-style modernization."
Chinese-style modernization is a modernization with Chinese characteristics.
On April 30, 1987, Deng Xiaoping explained China's "three-step" development strategy of modernization when meeting with Spanish foreign guests.
The first step is to double the GDP compared with 1980 and solve the people's food and clothing problem. This task has been basically implemented.
The second step, by the end of this century, double the GDP and the people's lives to a well-off level.
Step 3, by the middle of the next century, the per capita GDP will reach the level of in the middle of the next century, the people's lives will be relatively prosperous, and they will basically achieve modernization.
Three-step and two-step. The connotations of the two are basically the same, and the expressions are slightly different.
Careful readers will find that there are still some subtle differences between the time node and the overall goal.
"two steps" is very clear: " must fully realize the modernization of agriculture, industry, national defense and science and technology within this century, so that our national economy can be at the forefront of the world."
Everyone should pay attention to the time node - "in this century".
In other words, the goal must be achieved by December 31, 1999 at the latest, to achieve four modernizations, and the national economy must be at the forefront of the world. From 1975 to 1999, the time span was 25 years, and the goals must be achieved through five "five-year plans".
" three steps, and it is very clear: " By the middle of the next century, the per capita GDP will reach the level of a moderately developed country, the people's lives will be relatively prosperous, and modernization will be basically achieved. "
Everyone should pay attention to the time node - "mid-next century".
That is to say, around 2050, the per capita GDP will reach the level of a middle-developed country, and the people's lives will be relatively prosperous.
From the time node, it takes 50 years more to walk three steps than two steps.
From the overall goal, "two steps" emphasizes the overall development level of the national economy and must be at the forefront of the world; "three steps" emphasizes the per capita national economy. Gross People's Product and People's Living Standards.
Whether it is a "two-step" or a "three-step" approach, it is essentially seeking the future of the Chinese nation and seeking happiness for the Chinese people.
The history of "four modernizations" will end here for the time being.
personal views do not represent any platform organization. Everyone is welcome to criticize and correct me.
Thank you for your patience!
(cold cows are slaughtered)
