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In 1992, the founding marshal Nie Rongzhen worked hard for the new China all his life and was old.
had experienced two rescues, and the characterization of heart failure became increasingly obvious. He predicted that his deadline was approaching, so he called two secretaries on February 14 to remind them to prepare early.
Faced with his deteriorating physical condition, the doctor repeatedly reminded Mr. Nie not to worry about his hard work, and that all work can be avoided.
Nie Shuai is concerned about national affairs and is not willing to take care of himself. He even begs the doctor to give him a chance to study, otherwise he would have nothing to do all day and have nothing to do or have something to do. The doctor couldn't resist and had to agree, but strictly limited the time for Nie to read books and documents to prevent him from overworking.
Until April, Nie Shuai still couldn't hold on. He called two secretary again to record his will.
Marantor Nie’s last words are orderly and thoughtful, and each sentence is full of eager hope for the development of the cause of New China.
Nie Rongzhen
"I hope that scientific and technological workers across the country will bear in mind the important task of building a country with science and technology, strive to climb the high mountains and ridges of the world's high-tech, bring glory to the motherland, and make more contributions to the progress of mankind." This is the last sentence of Nie Marshal Nie's last words.
The two secretaries endured their grief and sorted out Marshal Nie’s last words with tears in their eyes. At this moment, Nie Shuai remembered his daughter. He was worried that his daughter would not accept the news, so he still lived according to his usual living habits and hid the news of his gradually weakening.
Military Nie's spirit of public first and private first makes people cry. Before his death, he was still obsessed with the cause of developing the country through science and technology. The reason is related to his experience in his youth.
Develop industry and serve the country and safeguard the country. In the early 19th century, when warlords fought, the world was in chaos. Nie Rongzhen, who is in his twenties, has been in the war and political turbulent situation in old China since he can remember his childhood.
At this time,
So, Nie Rongzhen began to look for a way to serve the country and save the country. First, he came into contact with subjects that had not been set in traditional cultural education, such as mathematics, history, geography and other courses in the school, which planted the seeds of science and education in the heart of young man Nie Rongzhen.
Nie Rongzhen during his time in France
Soon the May Fourth Movement broke out, Nie Rongzhen was concerned about his motherland and devoted himself to becoming a part of this spark.
At that time, the failure of Chinese diplomacy in the Paris Peace Conference ignited the belief in building a country and developing a country in the hearts of the Chinese. Nie Rongzhen, who is still a student, was not afraid when participating in the local student demonstrations and marches. Because of his outstanding performance and radical thinking, he was blacklisted by the local black police.
Nie Rongzhen was not afraid at all in the face of the police station. How can a real man have no place to stand? He went far away and embarked on the road of working and studying in France.
Nie Rongzhen realized early that if a country wants to be prosperous and strong, it must not only have a strong army as an armed force, but also have a scientific ideological system to guide the people to revolution together. And the French wave of thought is advanced and free, and he may be able to find the answer there.
00 young, Nie Rongzhen's mother was reluctant to leave but had no way to stop her. Her son wanted to go to the West to learn skills and would have to come back to serve the motherland in the future. How could he stop him from serving the country?
Nie's mother buried a jar of wine under the tree and said that she would wait until Nie Rongzhen came back to unseal it. Unfortunately, the two elders did not wait until their only son stepped into the courtyard gate of the home again.
Nie Rongzhen in France was exposed to various social thoughts. At that time, Chinese students who went abroad like him were absorbing the nourishment of democracy and science. Everyone cared about the people of the motherland and wanted to return to China and devote themselves to the vast ocean of building a country.
Nie Rongzhen witnessed the humiliation of the powerful powerful ships and powerful guns to open the door of the Qing government since childhood, and accepted the chaos of seeking a way out after the failure of the 1898 Reform Movement. At that time, he was sure that only real industries could protect China from violations.
年多年多
Before 1921, Nie Rongzhen believed in the idea of saving the country through industry.
However, in 1922, after he finally entered the Department of Chemical Engineering of the University of Labor in Shalova, Belgium, he witnessed many large-scale mass movements, which caused the group of Chinese students studying abroad to have a fierce collision of ideas.
It is during these debates that Nie Rongzhen realized that China's path to developing industry is currently unworkable.
Industry is very important. Without hardware conditions, it is impossible to complete the important task of reorganizing mountains and rivers. But the development of industry always requires an enlightened, stable and democratic government, which requires a stable political foundation.
At that time, China, with its own thoughts and the growing ambitions of imperialism, were eating away the fruits of China's industrial development. Even if you return to China, you can become a talent for industrial development, but with the vastness of the times, how can you have the position of industrial talents?
When the thought is turned, it is the transformation of revolutionary ideas. Nie Rongzhen's thoughts were transformed into the "Young Communist Party" organized by Zhou Enlai, Zhao Shiyan and others in 1923. His pursuit of the people and democracy was destined to embark on the journey of socialist revolution.
1924 On February 5, 1924, 25-year-old Nie Rongzhen solemnly swore in front of " Paris Commune Member Wall ":
"I am sincerely happy that I finally found Marxism-Leninism. I want to believe, persist and defend Marxism-Leninism for the rest of my life!"
On May 14, 1992, Nie, who kept his promise for the rest of his life, passed away with reluctance to the people and the motherland.
Scientific and technological talents are the great cause of the future
Nie Rongzhen He has been in war for many times. He has escaped from the dangerous crisis many times. Not only has he not been hurt during the War of Resistance, but he also witnessed the birth of New China and participated in the construction and reform of New China.
For this reason, everyone calls him "Fu Shuai", and often says that wherever "Fu Shuai" goes, there will be blessings.
stabilized, Nie Marshal Nie took over the position of Chen Yi and served as the vice premier of national science and technology work, and began the national defense industry and the " two bombs and one satellite " mission.
Military Nie knows that bringing up a team of intellectuals is the top priority of the task of building a new China.
Thinking that the Western powers used advanced weapons such as strong ships and powerful guns to blast open the door of our country. Therefore, the important weapon of the country must lie in the armed forces of the army, and the development and use of the army must lie in scientific and technological talents. Only by allowing intellectuals to exert their maximum energy can we ensure the strong combat effectiveness of our army.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the central government had already arranged three positions for Marshal Nie:
- First, after Comrade Chen Yi was responsible for diplomatic work, the empty scientific and technological work was commanded by Marshal Nie;
- The second was to serve as the mayor of Beijing;
- The third was to continue to be in charge of the national defense industry and military equipment work.
Deng Xiaoping
When Deng Xiaoping talked to Nie Rongzhen about these three positions, he actually understood what choice he would make, but Deng Xiaoping deliberately kept it a secret.
As expected, Marshal Nie chose the first one. His choice was as expected by Deng Xiaoping. As early as when he was traveling to France to study, Nie Marshal Nie always attached great importance to China's industrial development. Now, the new China has finally been established and has become stable, and he can finally make free efforts to do scientific and technological work.
Management and command science and technology work was not easy, and people had a bit biased view of intellectuals at that time.
Even so, Marshal Nie is still firmly standing on the side of these intellectuals to protect the spark of industrial development in New China.
"Building socialism cannot be separated from science and technology, and from intellectuals. " Marshal Nie has such a firm attitude that he has regarded the cause of scientific and technological development as the top priority since the founding of New China.
can be difficult to start from scratch. At this time, scientific research leaders lack leadership experience and the layout of scientific research institutions is difficult to form a joint force for research and development, and various problems continue to emerge. Marshal Nie took office with great drastic measures and implemented a series of measures to deal with the difficult problems.
First of all, it is to solve the problem of the unfriendly environment for the development of science and technology . He suggested that the Party Central Committee give preferential treatment and support to scientific and technological intellectuals, and formulate corresponding policies to encourage and protect the work enthusiasm of scientific and technological workers;
followed by Nie Shuai discovered some weak links in scientific research work, and emphasized that scientific and technological talents should pay attention to basic work.
It is precisely because of the care of scientific and technological talents that the weapons and equipment of the Chinese military have ushered in great development.
Two bombs and one satellite
So he spared no effort to build a missile research institute, allowing scientific and technological talents to actively participate in missile , nuclear weapons , aircraft, ships, electronic equipment, artificial satellite and other weapons and equipment that can adapt to modern warfare.
Not only that, but also the cultivation of successors of scientific and technological talents has also made Nie very concerned.
He also emphasized several times that we should build more experimental bases and national defense science and technology colleges, so that in the future, the country's scientific and technological strength can be relatively concentrated, and everyone will work together to strive to make a bloody path for the weak international status of the new China.
Even when the Soviet Union withdrew its experts and wanted to play the trick of cutting off the fire, Marshal Nie was not afraid of . He wrote reports to Premier Zhou and Mao Zedong twice, relying on our own strength to overcome difficulties, complete the two bombs and one satellite mission, and proposed the policy of "self-reliance as the main focus, striving to use foreign aid and using the existing achievements of capitalist country as the supplement."
If you want to be self-reliant, the research and development of cutting-edge technologies must not be used to others. Nie Mai Shuai has long expressed his opinion on the Soviet revisionist withdrawing experts: "You cannot be superstitious about foreign countries, and you cannot be valued by foreign countries."
No country will be kind-hearted to teach its most core cutting-edge technologies to others easily, even the former big brother cannot. Therefore, developing a country's science and technology must rely on patriotic people.
Qian Xuesen's appearance made Nie Shuai's eyes lit up. This patriotic scientist who rejected the high-ranking official granted by the United States and returned to China resolutely was as precious as gold at this time. When Premier Zhou introduced Qian Xuesen to Marshal Nie, he specifically urged Marshal Nie to give the greatest care in politics, life and work.
Qian Xuesen and Nie Rongzhen
Nie Marshal instructed that China's "two bombs and one satellite" project at this time required talents like Qian Xuesen. At that time, the young Qian Xuesen's qualifications were still shallow enough to establish a foothold among scientists.
Moreover, after the establishment of the Fifth Academy of the Ministry of National Defense, Qian Xuesen was appointed as the president. All matters of all sizes in the hospital must be implemented through his decision.
All things are complicated and take up too much energy to deal with. Qian Xuesen is working on research and dealing with these trivial matters, and it is inevitable that he will be unable to do anything and be unable to do it.
After hearing this, Nie Shuai directly issued instructions to other leaders of the Fifth Academy . The Party Committee only needs to manage major policies and policies. The technical work is mainly under the responsibility of Qian Xuesen, so he should not bother him with work other than technology. It can be seen that Nie Marshal attaches great importance to Qian Xuesen.
Then, in order to reduce the heavy administrative management, Nie Marshal incorporated the Fifth Bureau of the Ministry of National Defense into the Fifth Academy of the Ministry of National Defense. Qian Xuesen was still the president at this time.
But this is the time when scientific research needs to be strengthened, so Qian Xuesen proposed to let the virtuous so that he could concentrate on scientific research.
Military Nie and Zhou Enlai learned about Qian Xuesen's difficulties, felt sympathetic to his efforts, and agreed to his request and asked him to serve as vice president. Air Force Commander Liu Yalou was appointed as the president of the Fifth Academy, and Air Force Deputy Commander Wang Bingzhang was appointed as the first deputy director, in charge of administrative work and sharing the administrative tasks of Qian Xuesen.
Careful Nie Shuai was worried that Qian Xuesen's decline in grade would affect his prestige in the hospital, and he also personally emphasized to Qian Xuesen's colleagues that we should continue to respect Qian Xuesen and not affect his work.
Wang Zheng
Once, Qian Xuesen and Wang Zheng reported on missile research together. Wang Zheng was a veteran and introduced some basic situations during the reporting process. Later, Qian Xuesen just added a few simple sentences. Seeing that Qian Xuesen had only said a few words at the meeting, Nie Shuai kept Wang Zheng after the meeting.
"Comrade Wang Zheng, you are an expert in our party and an old comrade. In the future, should Comrade Qian Xuesen talk about the work first and listen to his opinions on technology. Otherwise, you will talk first. It is difficult to say if Comrade Qian Xuesen has any different opinions."
Wang Zheng smiled knowingly after hearing this: "Mr. Nie, I understand."
So in the next report meeting, Qian Xuesen talked first and Wang Zheng supplemented it.
Mirk Nie's move was precisely because Qian Xuesen could speak and do things, and spoke with a proper personality. He was worried that he would choose to keep half of the words because he took care of the old comrade's ideas, so he arranged this way.
Qian Xuesen
Even though the Dongfeng missile test failed later, Nie Marshal Nie expressed his support and trust in Qian Xuesen to the greatest extent. In the face of Qian Xuesen's frustration after the failure, Nie Marshal repeatedly enlightened him and repeatedly stated in public that Qian Xuesen should be the head of the Fifth Academy on technical issues.
The emperor pays off. In June 1964, my country successfully launched the first medium- and short-range surface-to-ground missile developed by itself; on October 16, the first atomic bomb exploded successfully; on October 27, 1966, my country carried the "Dongfeng 2" missile with the " nuclear warhead , and conducted the first missile nuclear weapon launch explosion test, and achieved a complete success.
my country finally has the nuclear missile that can be used for actual combat, and has officially possessed the ability to use missiles to project nuclear warheads, and there is no need to fear the nuclear deterrence of Western countries. This is a great achievement, and Qian Xuesen is indelible, and Marshal Nie's support and trust in him are even more of the most.
However, the process of launching the two bombs is not smooth either. When launching, Tian Xiankun, a soldier who was responsible for the warhead and missile docking mission, must drill into the gap between the missile and the atomic bomb warhead, and the soldier took off his heavy cotton coat and work clothes, and drilled in to start the docking work. Docking work like
is an extremely dangerous and mentally consuming job. Not only should the dense plugs be accurately connected one by one, but the mentality of the operation process should be stable, otherwise a slight mistake will cause serious consequences.
According to regulations, the docking work is dangerous, and other irrelevant technicians can leave the scene, but how could Nie, who has been concerned about the development of China's science and technology industry for half a lifetime, leave easily at this time.
He chose to stay and work with Qian Xuesen to help the soldier complete the docking work. 80 minutes later, the soldier finally completed the docking work under the ardent expectation of a marshal of the Republic.
Mr. Nie was overjoyed at this moment and hurriedly put the winter clothes on the soldier. Thousands of words were less than one action.
After finishing the two bomb launchers, Marshal Nie rushed to Hotan to command the launch mission of Dongfeng 3 , and went on a stagnant night. It was Marshal Nie's enthusiasm for the republic's unremitting efforts in the scientific and technological cause.
At 22:43 on May 14, 1992, Marshal Nie passed away. According to his wishes during his lifetime, part of his ashes were buried in the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center of my country. It was where he fought and was full of his hope for the development of China's science and technology.
Mirk Nie's will is public and then private. He first recalled the journey of joining the "Young Communist Party" during his study abroad. He has been joining the party for more than 70 years and devoted himself to the cause of the party and the country.
witnessed that a poor and weak country was bullied without advanced scientific and technological strength and advanced ideological guidance. He deeply understood the importance of building a country with science and technology. Without a hard fist, he could not defend his country.
Therefore, after the founding of New China, Marshal Nie did not hesitate to devote himself to the development of China's science and technology undertakings. The success of the two bombs and one satellite is inseparable from Marshal Nie's command.
For generations, Marshal Nie also supports the modernization of the army and proposes to strengthen the army in science and technology to ensure that our army can continue to have strong combat power.
Regarding his own funeral, Marshal Nie asked to keep everything simple and follow the instructions of the central government, without any other requirements.
"You guys go back and rest too. I have to go to work tomorrow, I'm fine here." After saying this last sentence, Nie went to bed peacefully.
This revolutionary who worked hard for China for the rest of his life came to an end at this time. His spirit is just like pine and cypress evergreen. His expectations are for the younger generation to move forward with all their might.
Nowadays, the development of the country through science and education has become one of the important components of China's development strategic thinking. We have a more systematic talent management policy and scientific and technological development method than before. I believe that Nie Shuai's heroic spirit knows it, and he will definitely be relieved by this.
What do you think about Marshal Nie Rongzhen and his life dedicated to the revolution? Welcome to express your opinions in the comment section.
