When the 1989 Spring Festival Gala was coming to an end, the host of the Spring Festival Gala Zhao Zhongxiang suddenly introduced a mysterious guest attending the evening's party to the audience and the audience in front of the TV. I saw a woman dressed in plain clothes, gray hair and kind-faced standing up and waving to the audience.
Zhao Zhongxian introduced in his textured voice: "She is Comrade Wang Guangmei" .
At this point, Comrade Wang Guangmei, who had been missing for a long time, once again appeared in the eyes of the people across the country, and the audience burst into warm applause.
At this time, Wang Guangmei was already an elderly man over 68 years old, but she was still energetic and had clear and smooth thinking. She paid New Year's greetings to her teachers forty years ago and wished them good health to teachers across the country.
What kind of Family education has cultivated a young talented woman who was born in a scholarly family, devoted herself to the revolution, and was determined to serve the country? What kind of experience and social atmosphere have formed her thoughts of respecting teachers and virtuous people? How many teachers are there in her life who are very important to her and have a profound influence?
Book-loving family, talented people emerged
Wang Guangmei was born in a famous family in Tianjin and graduated from the Department of Physics of Fu Ren University in Peking. She is the first female master's student in atomic physics in my country. Wang Zhichang Wang Guangmei was born as Wang Guangmei attended a meeting to discuss the cuts in the navy and the Pacific issues. Wang Zhichang, who was far away from the other side of the ocean, was overjoyed after hearing the news and immediately named her "Guangmei" to commemorate the scene at that time. Her father: Wang Zhichang, whose name is Huaiqing, was admitted to Tianjin Beiyang University in his early years to study law. After graduation, he traveled to Japan and changed to business at Waseda University . After returning to China, he passed the Business Examination in the imperial examination and examination in the late Qing Dynasty. When Duan Qirui was appointed as the Prime Minister, he served as consultant of the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce, and later served as director of the Department of Industry and Commerce and acting Minister of Agriculture and Commerce.
Wang Zhichang was one of the important figures in managing China's economy at that time. He was highly valued by the Beiyang government. He was awarded the title of "Single-Personal Envoy" and participated in two important international conferences. One was the Paris Peace Conference after the end of World War I in 1919, and the other was the 9 Washington Conference in 1921 discussing the cuts in the navy and the Pacific. In the "Who's Who in China" published in London, England, he was called a "reformist" person in the Chinese government at that time.
Wang Zhichang is knowledgeable, familiar with the classics and history, and admires the revolutionary cause of Sun Yat-sen and others. On August 20, 1925, his fellow Japanese student Liao Zhongkai, also a famous leftist leader of the Kuomintang, was assassinated in Guangzhou. Wang Zhichang, who was known as the "no party-free opinion", angrily withdrew from Beijing's political arena, lived in the old Jingbu Street of Xidan, Beijing, and lived in seclusion with his wife and children. During the Japanese and puppet period, he insisted on not being an official. For the sake of life, he rented out two adjacent courtyards to replenish the rice. After liberation, Wang Zhichang, who was over 70 years old, was appointed by Premier Zhou Enlai and served as a librarian at the Central Museum of Literature and History. He died of illness in Beijing in 1956.
Wang Guangmei's mother Dong Jieru Brother from a wealthy business family in Tianjin, graduated from Tianjin Beiyang Women's Normal University and is one of the first female college students in China. She is virtuous and open-minded, and has a good education. She has taken risks to cover and rescue many underground Chinese Communist Party workers. After liberation, she was elected as the representative of the First, Second and Third People's Congress of Beijing, and as a member of the Fourth Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference of Beijing, .
Dong Jieru gave birth to 8 children in succession, plus the three boys left by Wang Zhichang's first wife, the whole family has 11 children. She treats children she is not born as her own, and treats them equally and gives more care. The three children of the former wife have received a good education. Many people who know Dong Jieru admire her personality. She was peaceful, solemn, kind and quiet. People were angry when they saw her, and had never heard her speak loudly. She treats all children equally and cares for her family carefully. Wang Guangmei is influenced by her future family life and life philosophy.
Wang Guangmei is ranked seventh, with six brothers above and four sisters below.
Wang Guangmei's second brother Wang Guangqi . He was an advisor to the Kuomintang President Li Zongren . He graduated from Tsinghua University . Later, he studied for a master's degree at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA. After completing his studies, he returned to China to engage in international trade research in the Ministry of Foreign Trade.
Among Wang Guangmei's more than ten brothers and sisters, the first one to participate in the revolution was fourth brother Wang Guangjie, who is one of the prototypes of the protagonist of the movie " Never Evasion of Radio Waves ".
Wang Guangjie
Wang Guangfu is Wang Guangmei's fifth brother . During the Anti-Japanese War, he served in the Kuomintang Air Force and was an excellent pilot. In the battle against Japan, he flew fighter planes to kill eight and a half Japanese aircraft. Because one of them was shot down by Wang Guangfuxing and an American pilot. It can only be considered half a frame. But eight and a half are already very powerful. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, the highest record of Chinese pilots shooting down enemy planes was only nine, and Wang Guangfu ranked second, becoming the famous air force hero of the War of Resistance Against Japan at that time Wang Guangmei's sixth brother Wang Guangying was named "Guangying" because his father was visiting London when he was born. He has served as vice chairman of the 6th and 7th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the 8th and 9th National People's Congress. After the reform and opening up, he founded China Everbright (Group) Company and served as chairman and general manager.
Every winter is a good time for ice skating. In addition to loving skating, Wang Guangmei is also a basketball player in the school. Her strong body was one of the important conditions for her to overcome the hardships of life later.
Wang Guangmei's home is a harmonious, happy and inclusive family. Among the brothers and sisters are underground workers of the Communist Party, heroes of the "Flying Tigers" War of Resistance, national industrialists and non-party members who do business and save the country, and elites who are determined to devote themselves to the cause of science and technology. In the era of turbulent and drastic changes in the country, everyone shows their own life orientation based on their understanding of the current situation. Since four of the siblings are Communists, they often prevail in debates on different political views. Sometimes the brother and sister argued at the dinner table with red faces. From then on, Wang Zhichang established a family rule: "Only talk about family joy at the dinner table, not politics. "
The love of a daughter-in-law
Wang Guangmei was born in a famous family in Tianjin. Her father Wang Zhichang was a famous businessman, and her mother was Dong Jieru from Beiyang Women's Normal University. Wang Guangmei, who lives in the family of scholarly business, was influenced by her knowledge and knowledge and had a high talent in studying. When she was in high school, she participated in the Beiping Mathematics Competition and won the top 3. Because the top 3 students are all surnamed Wang, they are known as the "Three Kings of Mathematics". Wang Guangmei is the only girl among the Three Kings.
Wang Zhichang and Dong Jieru
Dong Jieru saw her daughter's talent and encouraged her to continue studying. Wang Guangmei lived up to expectations and was admitted to the physics department of Fu Ren University, which was extremely famous during the Republic of China. She also completed her master's degree and was able to speak pure English when she graduated.
At that time, when science and engineering were not valued enough, there were even fewer boys studying physics and mathematics, not to mention girls, but also an elegant and dignified "beautiful academic master". Wang Guangmei became China's first female master's degree in physics. On the year of graduation, Wang Guangmei was admitted to the full scholarship doctoral student in the Department of Atomic Physics at Stanford University and the University of Chicago. If nothing unexpected happens, it will become "Chinese Madam Curie " . However, A person has to appear and change her life trajectory. He is Liu Shaoqi, the President of our country and the author of "On the Cultivation of Communist Party Members".
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in 1945, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party were in opposition, and the civil war between the was about to break out. The United States intervened in China's internal affairs and wanted to "regulate" the conflict between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, so it established a military mediation office in Peiping , and Ye Jianying was the representative of the Communist Party of China.
Because the military mediation needs to deal with Americans, it requires an English translation. And Cui Yueli, secretary of the future Mayor of Beijing, recommended Wang Guangmei.
Wang Guangmei
Before, Wang Guangmei's mother had helped the underground party of the Communist Party of China, and her fourth brother Wang Guangjie was a member of the Communist Party. Influenced by her family, Wang Guangmei also wanted to revolution, so with the introduction of her sister-in-law Wang Xin, she met Cui Yueli, who was still an underground party at that time.
In order to pursue the truth of the revolution, Wang Guangmei resolutely gave up the opportunity to study in the United States and came to work in the Military Transfer Department of Peking. Cui Yueli recommended a book to her "On the Cultivation of Communist Party Members" . The requirements for Communist Party members in this book are extremely strict, which shocked her and was infected by the lofty ideals and missions of Communist Party members. Therefore, she worked harder to learn progressive books, learn revolutionary theories, and strictly demanded herself according to the standards of party members!
1946 Civil war broke out and the military media disbanded. After completing her mission, Wang Guangmei did not study abroad. Instead, she took a plane represented by the US military to fly to the revolutionary holy land in her heart - Yan'an . She never thought that she would meet her lover here and become her lifelong companion.
is concerned about the revolution and is determined to be in Yan'an. After Wang Guangmei arrived in Yan'an, she was assigned to the Foreign Affairs Group of the Central Military Commission. One day, Wang Guangmei happened to have dinner with Mao Zedong's guard staff officer Long Feihu. Because Long Feihu once served as Ye Jianying's secretary in the Peking Military Transfer Department, the two were very familiar with each other. Long Feihu told Wang Guangmei that there will be a dance party in , Yangjialing in the evening, and if you want to go, you can attend. Wang Guangmei really went with her in the evening, and Liu Shaoqi was there that day. Long Feihu introduced Wang Guangmei to Liu Shaoqi. Liu Shaoqi asked her about the situation in Peking, especially in the school. Finally, Liu Shaoqi asked Wang Guangmei: "Are you a party member? ." Wang Guangmei said: "I am not ." At that time, she felt embarrassed and said to Liu Shaoqi: "I don't know if the central leadership can help us young people who have just arrived in the liberated areas ?" Liu Shaoqi said: "That depends on whether I have time ." This is the first time Wang Guangmei has seen Liu Shaoqi. As early as in Peking, she had read some important articles written by Liu Shaoqi, such as "On the Cultivation of Communist Party Members", so she was still familiar with the name Liu Shaoqi. She knew that he was one of the heads of the Party Central Committee, but she was not sure of his accurate identity.
On March 5, 1947, Huang Hua, who served as Zhu De's secretary, informed Wang Guangmei that she would go to Liu Shaoqi to talk. It turned out that it was the first time she met Liu Shaoqi that she asked the central leaders to help them, such young people. He remembered this. When we arrived at Zaoyuan, Wang Guangmei came to Liu Shaoqi's cave and took a look! The furnishings in the cave were very simple, and the conversation was about the topic of joining the party last time. Liu Shaoqi told her a lot of revolutionary principles. This way, it's time to have lunch without realizing it. It happened to be Sunday. Wang Guangmei had a Zhongshao at Wangjiaping . She had two meals on Sundays. She had her first meal and the second meal was not eaten until afternoon. But the central leaders of Zaoyuan did not have Sundays, and there were still three meals. When Liu Shaoqi saw that the cook brought him the meal, he kept Wang Guangmei for dinner. Wang Guangmei said, "I have eaten it, you can eat it slowly. I'll wait here to see what you eat." Wang Guangmei saw that his meal was very simple, only two plates of dishes, a bowl of rice, and a garlic was placed on top of the rice. At that time, she felt strange and thought to herself how to eat garlic and rice? Liu Shaoqi had just eaten a few bites and seemed to remember something suddenly. He stood up and walked to the desk, opened the drawer below, took out a few pears, and gave them a knife to Wang Guangmei, asking her to peel the pears and eat them by herself. The pear is ugly and dark, leaving a particularly deep impression on Wang Guangmei. At that time, she felt very uncomfortable and felt a little moved, thinking how did the central leaders eat such pears?
At that time, the situation in Yan'an was very tense. Chiang Kai-shek Assembled a large army to attack Yan'an, the organs of Yan'an must retreat. Wang Guangmei moved to the Jinsui Division according to the decision of his superiors to participate in land reform. Before this, you must first go to Caijiaya to study in a concentrated manner. Unexpectedly, Liu Shaoqi also arrived at Caijiaya. They met again.Liu Shaoqi asked Wang Guangmei: " Are you participating in land reform here, or are you following us on Jinchaji ? You can also participate in land reform there. " Wang Guangmei was very surprised and thought that she had just come here and had not really participated in land reform yet. She also wrote application for joining the party . If she suddenly left, that would be bad! So she replied: "If you have a job in the future, let's talk about it! ." But she returned to her residence and thought about it carefully and felt something was wrong: What does he mean by saying this to me? Why did I refuse without understanding it? That night, He Long organized a small entertainment performance, and Liu Shaoqi also attended. Wang Guangmei wanted to ask Liu Shaoqi. She hesitated for a long time, but finally didn't go in. Later, when Wang Guangmei recalled that Liu Shaoqi wanted to follow him, she already had a good impression of her.
Liu Shaoqi and Wang Guangmei
Around the March 8th Festival in 1948, Liu Shaoqi and Wang Guangmei met again in Xibaipo . Once at a dance party of the foreign affairs group, Liu Shaoqi and Wang Guangmei were talking, and by the way, he said: "Have you free, I play ." With this sentence, Wang Guangmei decided to go there once Sunday. At that time, Liu Shaoqi was writing something. As soon as he saw Wang Guangmei, he immediately stood up and said happily: "You are really here !" The conversation lasted for a long time. Later, Liu Shaoqi clearly expressed his favor for Wang Guangmei, and said that he was relatively old, very busy with work, and had children, so he asked Wang Guangmei to think carefully. Wang Guangmei thought that this person was really distinctive at that time. Most people were willing to say how good he was, but he only talked about his shortcomings. She said: "I didn't think about age or something, but we are too far from political level. If I am with you, I don't know what to pay attention to, and I don't know your personal situation in the past ." Liu Shaoqi replied: "What should I pay attention to in ? Go and find Comrade An Ziwen; if you want to know my past history, please ask Comrade Li Kenong. ." Finally, Wang Guangmei asked in particular: "I don't know you have it. No other marriage relationship? " Liu Shaoqi said: "If you want to know about this, go and ask Sister Deng. " As he said, Wang Guangmei felt it was getting late, so he asked: "What time is ? It's time for me to go back to ." Liu Shaoqi opened the drawer, took out a table and looked at it and said: "The table will not leave, and I don't know when it will stop ." It turned out that this table had been broken long ago. Wang Guangmei was touched at that time. I thought to myself: The central leaders work day and night, why don’t they even have a good performance? She said, " Why don't you ask anyone to help repair ?" Liu Shaoqi said in embarrassment, "Who should be called ?" Wang Guangmei suddenly felt like she wanted to help him take care of him, and said, "Have it to me ! I'll help you repair it! ." Not long after, Wang Guangmei asked someone to repair the watch and asked her leader Wang Bingnan to pass it over to Liu Shaoqi.
In Xibaipo, Liu Shaoqi and Wang Guangmei went back and forth and confirmed their relationship. After deciding to get married, Liu Shaoqi asked Wang Guangmei to move her luggage to him. Wang Guangmei had some old ideas about marriage, so she asked him, "What's wrong with me just moving to your place like this? Do you want to announce it in the canteen of the government?" Liu Shaoqi said, "No, marriage is a matter for two people."
On August 21, 1948, Liu Shaoqi sent his chief guard to help Wang Guangmei move his luggage. On this day, the comrades from the Foreign Affairs Group enthusiastically erected. They carefully made a big cake and brought it to Liu Shaoqi together. That day, there was a dance party in the cafeteria after dinner, and Liu Shaoqi and Wang Guangmei both went there. Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai were both here. Seeing that they did not hold a special wedding ceremony, Zhou Enlai said to
Mao Zedong: "Let's go to Comrade Shaoqi's house together and see where they live." In this way, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and other comrades came to Liu Shaoqi's house. They were joking while eating cakes, expressing their congratulations to the newlyweds in this simplest way.
Follow each other and express love to the hometown
After marriage, Wang Guangmei is not only Liu Shaoqi's work assistant, but also his partner in life. Wang Guangmei helped Liu Shaoqi organize documents and materials, and helped him keep precious manuscript documents. She accompanied Liu Shaoqi back to her hometown to investigate and asked about her hardships, which reflected the simple feelings of this daughter-in-law in Ningxiang; she accompanied Liu Shaoqi to visit a foreign country, fully demonstrating the elegant demeanor of the head of state.
She cooked the whole family in an orderly manner. Liu Shaoqi's life was very irregular in the past, and he was just making do with hot and cold, hunger and fullness. Since he was young, he suffered from stomach problems . After getting married, Wang Guangmei asked him to keep a balanced and regular diet as much as possible. Liu Shaoqi worked very late every day, and the cooks were already resting. Wang Guangmei put the leftover foods she ate during the day together and cooked them for him to make them hot. Liu Shaoqi liked it very much. Gradually, his stomach disease improved much. Liu Shaoqi often holds meetings in the middle of the night, and Wang Guangmei always waits for him to come back. Sometimes after working for a long time, she will accompany him to the yard for a walk and talk.
1963, Liu Shaoqi asked Wang Guangmei to go to the grassroots to train and carry out socialist education movement. The place Wang Guangmei was going to is Funing, Hebei. Before leaving, Liu Shaoqi kept standing at the door of the office and watched her, but she didn't leave for a long time. At this time, Wang Guangmei felt so reluctant to leave. They had never been separated for a long time since she and Liu Shaoqi got married. He is old and in good health. He works day and night. Who will take care of him if he is not around? No one reminded him to wear clothes and hats in time, as he is prone to colds! What should he do if he falls at night? Who will take care of a lot of housework? This is a virtuous wife's deep concern and attachment to her husband, and this is a willing role transition from a master's degree in physics in atomic to a housewife.
2003 On the occasion of the 105th anniversary of Liu Shaoqi's birth, Wang Guangmei returned to her hometown for the sixth time, leaving behind a reluctant family and homesickness. Wang Guangmei returned home several times, and almost every time she would come to her mother-in-law's grave where she was sleeping, present a bunch of green pine branches, and bow to her three respectfully. She always says: "I go back to Huaminglou , and I should come to worship my mother-in-law, because Shaoqi is very filial to his mother-in-law ." Yes, Wang Guangmei's deep affection for her husband is of course full of respect and nostalgia for her mother-in-law!
I miss Chairman Mao deeply, your eternal student Wang Guangmei
1983, 62-year-old Wang Guangmei accompanied Liu Shaoqi's eldest daughter Liu Aiqin and third son Liu Yuan to Chairman Mao's former residence in Shaoshan. Also accompanying him were the heads of government departments such as Hunan Provincial Party Committee .
This is not the first time Wang Guangmei has been here. She came with her husband Liu Shaoqi more than 20 years ago. She was much younger at that time, and now she is more mature and elegant when she comes again.
She walked very slowly, and time seemed to go back more than 20 years ago:
Liu Shaoqi and Chairman Mao were revolutionary comrades-in-arms who had known each other for many years. The two had known each other as early as 1922, but because of the different division of labor in the revolution, Liu Shaoqi usually did not work together because he had been engaged in the workers' movement and white area for a long time.
For a long time, Wang Guangmei has always been full of trust and longing for Chairman Mao, so Wang Guangmei has always been thinking about and sympathetic to Chairman Mao’s descendants and caring about their physical and living conditions.
Li Na is Chairman Mao’s youngest daughter. Her marriage and life were very difficult for a period of time, and life was very difficult. In her later years, Wang Guangmei often used her savings to help her, and even brought someone to help Li Ne buy kitchen utensils to help her settle her home and clean her.
Under Wang Guangmei's meticulous care, Li Na gradually became cheerful and also walked out of shadows and sadness. Not only that, she also helped Li Na remarry Wang Jingqing, who was Liu Shaoqi's former personal guard.
Liu Yuan
When wed, Wang Guangmei brought the children to celebrate warmly, and the relationship between the two families became better and better. Even Li Na's son Wang Xiaozhi got married by Liu Yuan.
Wang Guangmei once said this: " I am the only remaining elder in our two families. You are my children and grandchildren. I hope you all live well. Only when you are well can I feel at ease. "
Wang Guangmei's care moved Chairman Mao's descendants very much. It was with her strong promotion that the relationship between the two families became closer and closer.
In November 1983, Wang Guangmei once again came to his former residence in Shaoshan with great respect for Chairman Mao. Looking at the grass and trees inside, it was not only a memory of Chairman Mao and a memory of the revolutionary era, but also a reunion with history...
She looked at every detail and every corner here seriously. In this simple little yard, nothing seemed to have changed. The furniture and furnishings were just like the time she came more than 20 years ago. She felt very relieved.
The next day, she and the children went to Chairman Mao’s Shaoshan Memorial Hall, which showed Chairman Mao’s great and glorious life. She was as serious as the student who came here for the first time, recalling their common experiences in those glorious years while watching. There are indeed many memories worth remembering there, and a faint smile was on her lips.
In the photo exhibition room, there is a photo of Wang Guangmei and Liu Shaoqi visiting Chairman Mao. When she left, Wang Guangmei left her inscription, and she wrote seriously: " deeply remembers Chairman Mao, your eternal student Wang Guangmei" . It can be seen that Wang Guangmei’s nostalgia and respect for Chairman Mao from the bottom of her heart.
