"The one who destroyed the Six Kingdoms is the Six Kingdoms, not Qin; the one who belongs to Qin is Qin, and is not the world."
This sentence comes from the famous line Tang Dynasty Du Mu's " Afang Palace Fu ", which summarizes the past dynasties Historians' conclusion on the demise of the Qin Dynasty.
The great meaning is that the cause of the demise of the Qin Dynasty was the Qin Dynasty itself.
And there is another statement in the article:
"Wow! If you make the six countries love their own people, it will be enough to reject Qin; if you make Qin love the people of the six countries again, then you can be king for three generations and be king for ten thousand generations. Who will win and the family will be destroyed? Qin People have no time to grieve for themselves, so that future generations will grieve for them; future generations will grieve for themselves without taking note of it, which will also make future generations grieve for future generations again."
said: After the founding of the Qin Dynasty, it was because of the lack of care for the people of the country. It sadly perished, and subsequent dynasties did not know how to learn from it and repeated the same mistakes.
Modern scholars believe that the main reasons for the demise of the Qin Dynasty are as follows:
On the one hand, it is the superficial reason, namely: the tyranny of the Qin Dynasty , causing the courtiers and the nation to be intolerable;
The second aspect is: the failure of government functions, the inability to order and prohibit, and the lack of local government strength;
The third aspect is: the military layout is unreasonable, and most of the troops are guarding the borders, resulting in out-of-control internal management ;
The fourth aspect: The premature and unexpected death of Qin Shihuang led to the loss of power, the alienation of monarchs and ministers, and the disintegration of the political system;
The fifth aspect: The descendants of the Six Kingdoms have never forgotten the shame of destroying their country, and are always looking for opportunities to join in overthrowing the Qin Dynasty. The ranks of domination.
In fact, aside from these superficial and high-sounding political reasons, as a strong national power and a powerful military, the Qin Dynasty had a direct cause of its demise that is rarely mentioned.
That is: Qin Shihuang was obsessed with immortality and poured out the power of the country. , searching for the way to immortality everywhere, leading to national losses and public resentment, coupled with his own premature death, were the triggers that led to the demise of the Qin Dynasty.
Qin Shihuang made five tours during his reign. What did he do?
The first time was in 220 AD the year after he ascended the throne, when he patrolled the west to Longxi and Beidi, leaving Jitoushan, and passed by Huizhong on his way back. Longxi is located in Longxi County, Gansu Province. Beidi County was one of the 36 counties in the early Qin Dynasty, in the southwest part of Qingyang City, Gansu Province. This western tour was to consolidate the rear and also begin the process of tourism.
The second patrol began in 219 BC. It was only one year since the last western tour. This time it was traveling eastward, arriving in the southeast of present-day Zoucheng, Shandong, climbing Zoyi Mountain , and climbing Mount Tai, Liangfu Mountain , and Zhifu Mountain. , erected a stone tablet and performed the act of enshrining Zen. Then go south to Langya County and build Langyata. This is the first eastward tour of the First Emperor, mainly to demonstrate to the Six Nations.
The third time was in 218 BC, during the Eastern Tour. While passing through Bolangsha in Yuanyang County, Henan Province today, he was assassinated by Zhang Liang, a former aristocrat named Zhang Liang. Later he arrived in the present-day Yantai area of Shandong Province, climbed Zhifu Mountain, then went to Langya County and then returned westward, passing through Shangdang and returning to Xianyang, China.
The fourth time was in 215 BC, during the Eastern Tour. Arriving in Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province, and Suizhong, Liaoning Province, he climbed to Jieshi and carved inscriptions on the city gates. Return via Shangjun and back to Xianyang.
The fifth time was the Eastern Tour in 210 BC. On the way, he took the waterway and traveled to Hunan, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang, then crossed the river northward and reached the coastal areas of Yantai and Penglai, Shandong. He fell seriously ill when he arrived at Pingyuanjin, southwest of present-day Pingyuan County, Shandong Province, and died in his car while passing by the sand dunes of (in present-day Guangzong County, Hebei Province) on his way back.
The above are historical records and can be checked. The official reason is to inspect the public sentiment, demonstrate the remaining forces of the Six Nations, and engrave a memorial tablet.
Bronze Chariots and Horses
In fact, the only purpose of his five tours was to find: the panacea and the art of immortality.
According to historical records, the First Emperor was frail and sickly since childhood. He has been fighting against illness all his life, and seeking the art of immortality is his dream motivation or goal.
After the unification of the six countries, Schools and talents from all walks of life that Shang Yang strongly opposed during 's reform came to Qinguo to serve.This resulted in the prevalence of various superstitions in the Qin Empire . Among them, Huang Lao Taoist and Yin Yang School integrated the theories of Confucianism, Legal , and Taoism, and put forward the so-called "the theory of the beginning and end of the five virtues", believing that Qin is the virtue of water, Zhou is the virtue of fire, and water Being able to overcome fire, Qin conquered the world, especially the First Emperor's trust;
alchemists from all walks of life also modified the Confucian "Feng Chan". It is widely believed that all emperors have held a Zen ceremony since ancient times. He also preached that he could refine the elixir of immortality and know the art of immortality.
Qin Shihuang was convinced of this. While he spared no effort in refining the so-called elixir, he was also bewitched by the sorcerers and traveled around in search of the so-called way to immortality. Feng Chan, inspecting the public sentiment is just an excuse.
Alchemy Furnace
Every time he goes out on patrol, he mobilizes tens of thousands of troops and mobilizes tens of thousands of soldiers and civilians to protect and clear the way, which wastes people and money, causing public resentment.
According to simple statistics, after the reunification of the Qin Dynasty, during the more than ten years of his reign, the First Emperor went on four or five tours. He focused his main energy on his pursuit of immortality, in addition to building the Great Wall, The mausoleum of the First Emperor , etc., led to the exhaustion of national power and the people's livelihood, which completely shook the foundation of the empire's rule.
During the Xufu Cultural Festival
, there were many stories of people who relied on deception to defraud people, such as Xu Fu, who is known as the biggest fraudster in history. In the name of seeking immortality, he blatantly lied to Qin Shi Huang about people and money! The amount is huge and the routine is so false that it is unprecedented and unprecedented.
Qin Shihuang had been taking various so-called elixirs trained by sorcerers throughout his life. It cannot be ruled out that he had been chronically poisoned, and he was frail and sickly.
In the thirty-seventh year of Qin Shi Huang (210 BC), Qin Shi Huang died in the Sand Dune Palace (today's Guangzong, Hebei) on his fifth eastward tour. "Historical Records: The Chronicles of the First Emperor of Qin" records: "On the Bingyin day of the seventh month, the First Emperor died on a sand dune platform."
was 49 years old at the time. Now, that would be called an untimely death. Shortly after his death, the Qin Dynasty fell apart and declared its demise.
Under such a situation, it is no more than a fantasy to expect that the second Hu Hai can turn the tide and help the building to collapse.
Qin Shi Huang had great talents and great achievements throughout his life. He achieved the unification of the country and was known as the one emperor through the ages.
However, he could not get rid of the mortal superstition of the so-called immortality. It was precisely because of his excessive obsession that he did not hesitate to spend money and spent extravagantly, which led to political disorder, exhaustion of national power, and boiling public resentment, thus triggering the demise of the Qin Dynasty. fuse.
From this perspective, it can be said that Qin Shihuang was the initiator of the fall of the Qin Dynasty.
(there are pictures from the Internet, infringement and deletion)
